DAPT对离体培养大鼠基底膜毛细胞发育的影响

目的研究将γ-分泌酶抑制剂(DAPT)与新生大鼠基底膜共培养,观察其对毛细胞发育和分化的影响。方法采用新生P0大鼠基底膜中圈及顶圈贴壁培养,随机分为正常培养组、DAPT组,按培养时间又分为4天、7天和9天组;其中DAPT为γ-分泌酶抑制剂,溶解于终浓度低于0.1%的DMSO,每日换液均加入DAPT。采用扫描电镜观察基底膜毛细胞数量变化。结果正常组顶圈呈1排内毛细胞,2-3排外毛细胞;中圈呈1排内毛细胞,3排外毛细胞,内外毛细胞排列规则,随着培养天数的增加数量无明显变化。DAPT组顶圈呈1排内毛细胞,4-7排外毛细胞;中圈呈1排内毛细胞,4-5排外毛细胞。结论 DAPT能够诱导基底膜顶圈产生大量额外的外毛细胞     

Treatment of submassive and massive pulmonary embolism: a clinical practice survey from the second annual meeting of the Pulmonary Embolism Response Team Consortium

There is a paucity of robust clinical trial data to guide the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) thus the clinical guidelines rely heavily on expert opinion. Pulmonary Embolism Response Teams (PERT) have been developed to streamline the care of patients with acute PE. We conducted a survey among 100 experts in the field of PE during the second annual meeting of the PERT Consortium. Respondents were queried with respect to their demographic information, clinical practice questions and clinical vignettes. Clinical practice questions were focused questions about the risk stratification and treatment of patients with acute submassive PE, anticoagulation strategies for patients receiving thrombolysis and the use of inferior vena cava filters. Clinical vignettes were designed to assess participants’ preferred choice of treatment for a variety of commonly encountered clinical scenarios. Among physicians affiliated with a PERT, there is overall agreement with regards to the criteria used for risk classification of patients with PE and its application to patients in the provided clinical vignettes. In contrast, there is substantial variability in the treatment strategies of patients presenting with commonly encountered clinical scenarios. The results of this survey highlight the need for more clinical trial data along with accepted algorithms for treatment of acute PE. In the absence of this, PERTs can facilitate multidisciplinary discussions in order to standardize treatment and provide evidence-based therapies to patients with acute PE.     

Bone morphogenetic protein signaling:a promising target for white matter protection in perinatal brain injury

正Prematurely born newborns,as well as those born at term,may suffer from several types of brain injury including hypoxic-ischemic injury,intracranial hemorrhage,both intraventricular and parenchymal,and injury that is the consequence of intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR).Injury of all types can impact the motor and cognitive abilities of survivors.The mechanisms leading to disability are not completely understood.Here we discuss the role of the bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)signaling     

Effects of butachlor on reproduction and hormone levels in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Butachlor, a chloracetamide herbicide, is widely used in China. In the present study, paired adult male and female zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to various concentrations of butachlor (0, 25, 50 and 100 μg/L) for 30 days, and the effects on reproduction and endocrine disruption were evaluated using fecundity, condition factor (CF), gonadosomatic index (GSI), liver somatic index (LSI), plasma vitellogenin (VTG), sex steroids and thyroid hormone levels as endpoints. Our results showed that the mean fecundity rates were significantly decreased at 50 and 100 μg/L butachlor during the 30-day exposure period. At the end of the exposure period, no significant changes were observed in CF and LSI in both females and males, while GSI was significantly reduced in males at 50 and 100 μg/L butachlor. At 100 μg/L butachlor, plasma testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E2) levels were significantly decreased in females, while plasma VTG level was significantly increased in males. Plasma thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels were significantly increased at 50 and 100 μg/L butachlor in males, and at 100 μg/L in females. This work demonstrated that butachlor adversely affected the normal reproductive success of zebrafish, and disrupted the thyroid and sex steroid endocrine systems, which provides the basis for the estimated ecological risk during butachlor exposure.