Arthroscopic distension in the management of frozen shoulder

Summary We report a prospective study comparing the results of treatment for frozen shoulder by manipulation and physiotherapy, arthroscopic distension and physiotherapy, and physiotherapy alone in 75 patients. The first two gave better results than physiotherapy alone and we recommend arthroscopic distension as a good alternative to manipulation. It is more controllable and gives valuable information about the pathological lesions in the joint.

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Résumé Les auteurs présentent une étude prospective comparant les résultats du traitement du syndrome de l'épaule gelée» chez 75 malades, soit par manipulations et physiothérapie, soit par distension arthroscopique et physiothérapie, soit par physiothérapie isolée. Les deux premières méthodes donnent de meilleurs résultats que la physiothérapie isolée et les auteurs considèrent que la distension arthroscopique constitue, aux manipulations, une alternative recommandable. Elle peut être mieux contrôlée et elle fournit des informations valables quant aux lésions pathologiques intra-articulaires.

     

Clinical and experimental research on prevention and treatment of child reversal respiratory tract infection by feibao]

This article reports the child reversal respiratory tract infection treated with Feibao syrup which produced in accordance with the TCM theory of "the evil factor can't attack the body with vital-Qi" and "the evil factor will attack the body which vital-Qi is weak". Feibao syrup consisted of Radix Astragali, Herba Hedyotis diffusae, etc. The clinical research proved that after taking the medicine, the general condition, appetite and anemia were improved, the profuse sweating disappeared, the tolerance against cold was improved, the frequency of occurrence of the disease was decreased or ceased. Even if the disease occurred, the symptoms were mild, the disease course was short. The efficacy of the medicine was 95.2%. It was better than that of levamisole (78.6%), P less than 0.05. This medicine can obviously improve the level of serum IgA and the cellular immunity (P less than 0.01). The experiment on mice manifested that it could obviously enhance the macrophage phagocytic rate, lymphocyte transformation rate, EAC rosette forming rate, and hemolysin generating rate.     

Electron microscopic appearance of the chronic Campylobacter jejuni enteritis of mice.

Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of human enteritis which mimics the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, microstructural changes on the surfaces of the murine gastrointestinal tract persistently colonized by Campylobacter jejuni, strain GJ-S131, were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results revealed that the appearance of the gastrointestinal mucosa in both BALB/C and KM mice resembled that in human with inflammatory bowel disease. Under SEM, the mucosa of the jejunum and ileum, with broken or distorted villi had a "worm eaten" look; crypts were irregular in shape and size, and the mucosa showed atrophy, especially in the colon. Epithelial junctions demonstrated furrows, clefts or deep crevasses, with exudates containing a large number of leukocytes. Cytologic appearances were characterized by microvilli dysplasia and/or atrophy, patchy erosions or necrosis and pelade-like appearance due to absence of microvilli, which were similar to the findings under TEM.

     

The diagnostic evaluation of patients with complete transposition

SummaryThe vast majority of patients with complete transposition present during either the neonatal period or early infancy. Almost always the diagnosis and the categorization of associated lesions can be established by cross-sectional echocardiography. Doppler techniques usually provide enough information about flows to allow palliative or radical surgery to be undertaken without formal cardiac catheterization, because balloon atrial septostomy is carried out with echocardiographic imaging, often on the intensive care unit. Angiography is occasionally performed to visualize the pulmonary arteries or the aorta, and, if there is suspicion of a significant elevation of the pulmonary vascular resistance, it must be measured at cardiac catheterization. Neither cross-sectional echocardiography nor aortography is entirely reliable in identifying those patterns of the coronary arteries which are a contraindication to the arterial switch operation. There is, as yet, no evidence that either magnetic resonance imaging or transesophageal echocardiography are superior to more conventional methods of preoperative diagnosis in complete transposition and it seems unlikely that they will be required.     

Revision of the Ontario phenylalanine equivalency system and development of a low protein equivalency system

The Phenylalanine Content of Foods, an equivalency system used in the dietary treatment of phenylketonuria, was prepared in 1975. Recently this system was revised to include a total of 372 food items in various raw and processed states. Food lists are available in a simple version for parents listing the serving size per phenylalanine equivalent, and in a more comprehensive version for dietitians providing weights for the serving sizes as well as values for phenylalanine, protein, and energy per equivalent. Subsequently, the system was modified to form a low protein equivalency system for use in designing low protein diets for a number of other inherited metabolic disorders.     

Enhanced neophobia but normal plasma corticosterone levels in rats with dorsal noradrenergic bundle lesions

The effects of dorsal noradrenergic bundle (DNB) lesions on plasma corticosterone levels were determined in male albino rats. DNB lesions did not affect baseline plasma corticosterone levels. Furthermore, the increased corticosterone levels produced by various environmental manipulations did not differ between control and DNB lesioned groups. However, the lesioned group did exhibit longer latencies to eat familiar food in novel environments, as well as to eat novel foods in a familiar environment. Latencies to eat novel food in novel environments did not differ between the two groups and this was attributed to a "ceiling" effect. These endocrinological data fail to support the hypothesis that the enhanced "neophobia" observed in DNB lesioned rats is due to an increase in the intensity of the emotional reaction to novel stimuli. The data do not preclude the possibility, however, that the enhanced neophobic reactions reflect impaired habituation to these stimuli.     

中麻催醒剂——Ⅰ.二甲氨基甲酸间-(烷氨基)烷氧基苯酯的合成

合成了一系列二甲氨基甲酸间-(烷氨基)烷氧基苯酯,并进行了实验动物的毒性和中麻催醒试验。初步临床观察表明,化合物Ⅱ₄(现命名为催醒安)比毒扁豆碱的催醒效果好,而毒性小。简要地讨论了结构和生物活性之间的关系。     

Lymphocyte responses to EBV-associated antigens in infectious mononucleosis, and Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients, with the leukocyte adherence inhibition assay.

The leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay was utilized as a test for cellular immunity to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigens in 22 patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM), 47 patients with lymphoma, 101 carcinoma patients, and 84 subjects without cancer. Response to EB virion ("v") antigen was generally present at the time of diagnosis in the IM patients but the response to EB soluble ("S") antigen was delayed. An increased CMI response to "v" antigen was found in patients with IM, Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as compared to controls with and without cancer. Patients with Hodgkin's disease had depressed responses to the EBV-associated "S" antigen. The finding of increased LAI responses to "v" antigen in Hodgkin's disease patients with high EBV antibody titers conflicts with previous reports attributing high antibody responses against EBV to a generalized depressed cell-mediated immunity.     

Longitudinal study of earthquake-related PTSD in a randomly selected community sample in north China

OBJECTIVE: This study longitudinally described rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in two groups with different levels of severity of exposure to an earthquake in North China. The effects of diagnostic criteria on the frequency of detected PTSD were also examined. METHOD: Subjects were randomly sampled in two villages at different distances from the earthquake epicenter. A total of 181 and 157 subjects were assessed at 3 months and 9 months after the earthquake, respectively, for PTSD by using both DSM-IV and DSM-III-R criteria. The brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment and three subscales of the SCL-90-R were also administered at both assessment points. RESULTS: The village with a higher level of initial exposure to the earthquake and a higher level of postearthquake support had a lower frequency of PTSD than the village with a lower level of initial exposure and less postearthquake support. The rate of onset of DSM-IV PTSD within 9 months for the two villages was 19.8% and 30.3%, respectively. In both villages, the rate of onset of earthquake-related PTSD within 9 months was 24.2% by using DSM-IV criteria and 41.4% by using DSM-III-R criteria. The introduction in DSM-IV of a criterion requiring clinically significant distress or impairment in functioning for a diagnosis of PTSD was a major contributor to the lower rate of DSM-IV PTSD. CONCLUSIONS: PTSD may be as prevalent and persistent in disaster victims in China as in those elsewhere. Prompt and effective postdisaster intervention could mitigate the impact of initial exposure and reduce the probability of PTSD occurrence. Caution should be used in comparing rates of postdisaster PTSD identified by using different diagnostic criteria.     

Nosological implications of psychotic symptoms in patients with established posttraumatic stress disorder

OBJECTIVE: We describe three patients with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who later developed psychotic symptoms. The nosological implications are discussed. CLINICAL PICTURE: All three patients had no prior history of psychotic illness. The content of the psychotic symptoms was restricted to core features of the traumatic experiences which initially led to PTSD. TREATMENT: The patients received low-dose antipsychotic medications in addition to other treatments for PTSD and/or depression. OUTCOME: All three patients developed severe extrapyramidal side effects, particularly akathisia, and discontinued drug treatment. CONCLUSION: Psychotic symptoms occasionally can complicate chronic PTSD, but uncertainty remains about their aetiology and nosological status.