大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的培养及鉴定

目的:分离培养和鉴定大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞.方法:分离SD青年大鼠股骨,L-DMEM冲洗骨髓腔,制备细胞悬液接种培养,消化传代纯化细胞.传代的骨髓间充质干细胞进行增殖曲线、克隆形成能力测定,用免疫组化检测增殖细胞vimentin、laminin的表达.结果:传代的细胞在培养第1～2天为潜伏期,第3～6天是细胞快速增殖期,第6天达高峰,第 9天后速度减慢,进入平台期,并且随传代次数的增加,细胞增殖速度逐渐下降.随传代次数增多,克隆形成能力逐渐下降.第5代以后细胞基本纯化为骨髓间充质干细胞,细胞呈长梭形.免疫组化检测增殖细胞vimentin表达阳性、laminin表达阴性.结论:本实验方法能有效扩增大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,而且简单易行.     

外环境湿度和换气次数对独立通风笼盒微环境湿度和氨浓度的影响

目的：评估在独立通风笼盒（IVC）所处环境不同湿度条件下,IVC 不同换气次数时,大、小鼠 IVC 微环境湿度和氨浓度的变化。方法屏障环境内,以7 d 为换笼周期,分别设定室内环境低湿（40％）、中湿（50％）、高湿（60％）,IVC 换气次数为40次/h、60次/h 时,对3个品牌大、小鼠 IVC 微环境进行测定,观察笼盒内湿度和氨浓度的变化。结果当室内环境为低湿条件,小鼠和大鼠 IVC 换气次数设置为40次/h 时;当室内环境为中湿条件,小鼠换气次数设置为40次/h、大鼠换气次数设置为60次/h 时;当室内环境为高湿条件,小鼠换气次数设置为60次/h 时,笼盒内微环境均基本能够满足 GB14925-2010对湿度和氨浓度的要求。而在高湿情况下,即使大鼠 IVC换气次数置为60次/h 也不能满足要求。结论室内环境湿度和 IVC 换气次数是影响 IVC 微环境的关键指标,只有依据室内环境条件合理设置 IVC 换气次数才能较好地维护 IVC 微环境和达到有效管理的目的。     

肾交感神经刺激对全身交感神经系统的影响

目的：评价肾交感神经刺激(Renal sympathetic nerves stimulation,RSNS)对全身交感神经系统的影响。方法12只成年杂种犬随机分为两组：假手术组(Sham组,n=6)和肾交感神经刺激组(RSNS组,n=6)。RSNS组经左肾动脉外膜给予持续2 h高频电刺激,刺激参数：频率20 Hz,脉宽0.1 ms,刺激强度随血压进行调整,以保持血压较刺激前升高10%;假手术组在左肾动脉附近寻找一处体表皮肤给予以同样2 h高频电刺激。分别于基础状态和2 h刺激末检测血压(BP)、心率(HR)、心率变异性(HRV)和血清去甲肾上腺素（NE）浓度。结果与基础状态比较,Sham组成年杂种犬2 h末BR、HR、交感神经活性和血清去甲肾上腺素浓度比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与基础状态比较,RSNS可以明显提高成年杂种犬BR、交感神经活性和血清去甲肾上腺素浓度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肾交感神经刺激可以明显提高全身交感神经系统活性。     

复杂性尿道狭窄及并发症诊治的实验研究与临床运用

复杂性尿道狭窄或闭锁的处理一直是泌尿外科最棘手的难题之一,尤其是对初次或再次治疗失败后的复杂性超长段尿道狭窄或闭锁(＞ 14 cm)患者的治疗,作者在治疗复杂性尿道狭窄及其并发症中取得了一系列的原创性成果.与国内外的同类研究比较,主要有以下发现和创新点.①在国际上首次提出并证实结肠黏膜可作为尿道替代物;临床治疗55例超长段尿道狭窄(平均15.2 cm)的结果提示结肠黏膜具有材源丰富、易于剥离、抗感染力强、皱缩率低等优点,适于14 cm以上尿道的重建,尤其是多次治疗失败的复杂性超长段尿道狭窄.②在国际上首次建立新型分期手术治疗复杂性超长段狭窄或闭锁,临床应用11例,疗效显著,为难治性前后尿道间长段狭窄或闭锁提供了一个新的思路.③在国际上首次阐述舌黏膜尿道重建的病理学特征及转归,建立大面积舌黏膜取材新技术;在国内率先开展舌黏膜尿道成形术,样本量为国内外最大.④在国际上首次建立了尿道压客观量化指标(90 cmH2O或较基础压提高40 ～50 cmH2O),用于评估球部尿道悬吊术中尿道压力.从而提高了手术成功率,减少了并发症,取得了显著治疗效果.该系列研究成果先后获省部科技进步一等奖和多项二等奖.     

柠檬酸对分化型甲状腺癌患者首次131I治疗后唾液腺功能的保护作用

目的：探讨柠檬酸对术后首次行¹³¹I治疗（简称清甲治疗）的分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）患者唾液腺功能的影响,阐明柠檬酸对¹³¹I治疗的甲状腺癌患者唾液腺功能的保护作用。方法：经患者知情同意,随机选择准备首次行¹³¹I治疗的68例甲状腺乳头状癌患者,随机分为对照组和柠檬酸组,每组34例。对照组患者无特殊准备,柠檬酸组患者于¹³¹I治疗前1周及治疗后3周内每天含柠檬酸1 min（0.2 g/次）后吐出。2组患者分别于¹³¹I治疗前24 h及¹³¹I治疗后3个月行2次^99mTcO^4-唾液腺显像检查,计算第15分钟摄取指数（15 min UI）和排泌分数（SR）,评估唾液腺功能。结果：与¹³¹I治疗前比较,对照组患者¹³¹I治疗后右侧腮腺和双侧颌下腺15 min UI差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,左侧腮腺15 min UI降低（P<0.05）;与¹³¹I治疗前比较,柠檬酸组患者¹³¹I治疗后双侧腮腺及双侧颌下腺15 min UI差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;与对照组比较,柠檬酸组患者¹³¹I治疗前后双侧腮腺和双侧颌下腺15 min UI差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与¹³¹I治疗前比较,对照组患者双侧腮腺治疗后SR降低（P<0.05）,双侧颌下腺SR差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,柠檬酸组患者双侧腮腺和双侧颌下腺治疗后SR差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;与对照组¹³¹I治疗后比较,柠檬酸组患者双侧腮腺SR升高（P<0.05）,双侧颌下腺SR差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：DTC患者术后首次¹³¹I治疗后唾液腺排泌功能可能受损,短期口含柠檬酸对唾液腺具有保护作用,可以减轻唾液腺的放射性损伤。     

Infection of Cranioplasty Seen Twenty Years Later

Cranioplasty is performed using autograft and allograft materials on patients to whom craniectomy was applied previously due to the facts that, this region is open to trauma and the scalp makes irritation and pressure onto the brain paranchyma causing brain atrophy and convulsions. Dramatical improvement of neurological deficits, control of convulsions and partial prevention of cerebral atrophy are achieved after these operations. One of the most important complications of cranioplasty is late infection. Here, we report a 43-year-old male patient admitted with the history of purulant discharge from the right temporal incission site for one year to whom cranioplasty had been performed with allograft material 20 days after craniectomy which had been performed in 1989. Allograft cranioplasty material was removed and cranioplasty was performed using new allograft material with the diagnosis of late cranioplasty infection.     

Massive Subcutaneous Emphysema in Robotic Sacrocolpopexy

The advent of robotic surgery has increased the popularity of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy. Carbon dioxide insufflation, an essential component of laparoscopy, may rarely cause massive subcutaneous emphysema, which may be coincident with life-threatening situations such as hypercarbia, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum. Although the literature contains several reports of massive subcutaneous emphysema after a variety of laparoscopic procedures, we were not able to identify any report of this complication associated with laparoscopic or robotic sacrocolpopexy. Massive subcutaneous emphysema occurred in 3 women after robotic sacrocolpopexy in our practice. The patients had remarkable but reversible physical deformities lasting up to 1 week. A valveless endoscopic dynamic pressure system was used in all 3 of our cases. Our objective is to define the risk of massive subcutaneous emphysema during robotic sacrocolpopexy in light of these cases and discuss probable predisposing factors including the use of valveless endoscopic dynamic pressure trocars.     

Recurrent herpes labialis among health school students in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey: A cross-sectional survey

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the epidemiologic characteristics of, and the treatments used for, recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) in health students.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 333 nursing and midwifery students. Data on the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, their history of RHL, and the treatments were collected by means of a standard self-reported questionnaire form.ResultsThe point prevalence of RHL was 3.9%, the annual prevalence was 44.7%, and the lifetime prevalence was 52.5%. These prevalences were not related to the participants' place of residence, level of income, school, gender, marital status, or smoking status (p > 0.05). RHL was frequently seen on the right side of the lower lip (17.9%). One third of the students who experienced RHL stated that they had applied treatment to the lesion. However, only 20.1% stated that they had used antiviral therapy. Treatment was recommended by a physician for only 16.1% of the subjects.ConclusionsThe prevalence of RHL was high among the health students, who were considered to represent young adults. Although they were students in a school of health, they lacked knowledge about RHL.     

A rare cause of retinal artery embolism: Accessory mitral valve tissue

A 42‐year‐old female patient was referred our clinic for investigation of a history of acute retinal artery occlusion. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a cyst‐like, mobile formation on posterior mitral valve leaflet. 2D and real time 3D transesophageal echocardiography showed a flexible circular mobile structure which was attached to posterior mitral valve leaflet. Echocardiographic appearance and morphological characteristics were suggestive of accessory mitral valve tissue.