Artificial intelligence for the early detection of colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review of its advantages and misconceptions

Colorectal cancer (CRC) was the second-ranked worldwide type of cancer during 2020 due to the crude mortality rate of 12.0 per 100000 inhabitants. It can be prevented if glandular tissue (adenomatous polyps) is detected early. Colonoscopy has been strongly recommended as a screening test for both early cancer and adenomatous polyps. However, it has some limitations that include the high polyp miss rate for smaller (< 10 mm) or flat polyps, which are easily missed during visual inspection. Due to the rapid advancement of technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has been a thriving area in different fields, including medicine. Particularly, in gastroenterology AI software has been included in computer-aided systems for diagnosis and to improve the assertiveness of automatic polyp detection and its classification as a preventive method for CRC. This article provides an overview of recent research focusing on AI tools and their applications in the early detection of CRC and adenomatous polyps, as well as an insightful analysis of the main advantages and misconceptions in the field.     

Clinician Confidence About Conversations at the End of Life Is Strengthened Using the Four Habits Approach

Communicating about cancer is not easy. At a time when patients are asked to make complicated choices about treatment and to be responsible for most of their own care, communication problems are consistently presented as a barrier to satisfactory medical treatment. This article identifies problems in communication and describes interventions the multidisciplinary team can use to improve the exchange of information and feelings among patients, families, and health care providers. The specific focuses are communication at the time of diagnosis and during progressive disease and the challenges and difficulties of communicating about pain, sexual functioning, and financial problems throughout the cancer experience.     

Rhabdomyosarcoma and rhabdomyoma associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome: Local treatment strategy

This article presents the case of a child presenting with a rhabdomyosarcoma associated with a fetal rhabdomyoma in the setting of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. Oncologic strategy is discussed.