The expression of placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) and PLAP-like enzymes in normal and neoplastic human tissues. An immunohistological survey using monoclonal antibodies

The immunohistological expression of placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) and PLAP-like enzyme was studied in frozen sections from a wide variety (n = 254) of normal and malignant tissues using monoclonal antibodies reactive with PLAP (H317) and PLAP/PLAP-like enzyme (H17E2; H315). PLAP/PLAP-like reactivity was seen in normal thymus, and foetal and neonatal testis, and in 21 out of 22 malignant germ cell tumours (GCTs), but was also found in normal endocervix, normal Fallopian tube and in 28 out of 167 non-GCTs (particularly in ovarian and proximal gastrointestinal tract tumours). Positivity for true PLAP (as demonstrated with H317) was seen in term placenta, in endocervix, and in Fallopian tube (but not in other normal tissues) and was commonly found in ovarian and proximal gastrointestinal tract tumours. Reactivity with H317 was unusual in malignant GCTs (2 out of 22 cases). These findings confirm that PLAP/PLAP-like positivity is a highly sensitive immunohistological marker for malignant GCTs, but one which by itself is of only moderate specificity. Furthermore, expression of true PLAP is rare in GCTs and favours instead an origin from the ovary or proximal gastrointestinal tract. The results also indicate that the predominant heat-stable alkaline phosphatase species in normal foetal and neonatal testis, and in thymus has a similar immunohistological profile to that found in malignant GCTs, and is a PLAP-like enzyme ("germ cell alkaline phosphatase") distinct from true PLAP. The occurrence of this marker in GCTs would appear to reflect increased eutopic production of an enzyme present in trace amount in corresponding normal tissues rather than a genuine example of ectopic expression.     

三磷酸腺苷生物荧光液闪测定法检测活细胞计数

为建立一种检测活细胞数的方法,作者采用三磷酸腺苷(ATP)生物荧光液闪测定法检测小鼠纤维瘤细胞株L929.ATP标准曲线工作范围为10 -9～10-5mol/ml,相关系数r=0.9963(P＜0.001);当活细胞数在3×1 02～106个/ml时与发光计数值有良好的线性关系,r=0.9922(P＜0.001),变异系数 CV = 1%～3%.用ATP生物荧光液闪测定法检测活细胞数灵敏、简便、准确、重复性好,用液闪计数仪即可完成测定,有较大的实用价值.     

An adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay for detecting the number of living cells]

The method for detecting the number of living cells was studied. Using an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay, the present authors reported a perfect linear relationship between lg ATP concentrations and lg luminescence counts (r = 0.9963) as well as a relationship between lg number of cells and lg ATP luminescence counts (r = 0.9922). The detectable cells ranged from 10(2) to 10(6) cells/ml, the coefficients of variation 1-3%. This method is simple, accurate and sensitive and has a high reproducibility.     

情感性精神障碍事件相关电位变异与自杀行为史的相关性

探讨情感性精神障碍患者件相关电位变异的临床意义。方法收集３９例抑郁相和２２例躁狂相患者,以３３例正常人为对照组,记录其事件相关电位Ｐ３００和ＣＮＶ。结论Ｐ３００和ＣＮＶ临床应用价值得到初步证实,自杀行为相关的生物学指标研究中需进一步重视。     

边缘性人格障碍与焦虑症的诱发电位比较

目的 探讨边缘性人格障碍（ＢＰＤ）和焦虑症（ＡＮ）在诱发电位中的特点。方法 收集２７例ＢＰＤ组,３４例ＡＮ及５２名正常成人对照组（ＮＣ）,应用美国仪器以及光、声触刺激,完成视觉诱发电位（ＶＥＰ）、听觉诱发电位（ＡＥＰ）和体感诱发电位（要与ＮＣ相比,ＢＰＤ组潜伏期ＶＥＰ／Ｐ１、Ｐ２,ＡＥＰ／Ｐ１,Ｎ２前移,波幅ＶＥＰ／Ｎ１－Ｐ２,Ｐ３,ＡＥＰ／Ｐ３,ＳＥＰ／Ｐ３,Ｐ３增高但波幅ＶＥＰ／Ｐ２－Ｎ２、Ｐ     

21纪我国医药行业的创新与发展

在分析我国医药行业发展现状及存在问题的基础上,研究了加入WTO后医药行业所面临的机遇与挑战,以及当前医药企业技术创新存在的不足,提出了21世纪我国医药行业创新与发展的对策和建议。     

12例腰椎间盘突出合并腰骶神经背根节嵌压

目的：了解腰椎间盘同合并腰骶神经背根节（ＤＲＧ）嵌压的机制。方法：１２例腰椎间盘突出患者术中发现：髓核切除后神经根张力仍较大并固定,沿神经根探查发现腰骶神经ＤＲＧ充血并肿大,直径０．８－１．２ｃｍ,平均１．１ｃｍ。嵌压物为增生的上关节突和增生肥厚的关节囊韧带。１２例病人共探查１５个ＤＲＧ,其中位于椎间孔６例,椎管和椎间孔交界７例,椎间孔外２例同时合并腰神经在椎间孔外嵌压。     

Differential parental communication with adolescents who are disabled and their healthy siblings

Purpose: To examine the levels of parental communication and differential conversational styles with adolescents who are disabled and their healthy siblings, to better understand why the adolescent who is disabled has a higher risk of psychosocial problems during the transition into adulthood.

Methods: Families who had a disabled adolescent and at least one other adolescent who was not disabled were videorecorded during dinner at home. Twenty adolescents (12 girls and 8 boys) and their families participated. Analyses were conducted on the 392 interactions.

Results: Not only did the healthy adolescents participate in family interactions at higher frequencies than the adolescents who were disabled F(1, 383) = 14.00, p < .001, but the interactions were also more meaningful with healthy adolescents, F(2, 383) = 5.25, p < .01. Furthermore, healthy siblings had significantly greater conversational control than did their siblings with disabilities, χ² [1] = 14.36, p < .001. Parents responded more negatively when adolescents who were disabled initiated a topic in comparison with their response to the healthy siblings, F(2, 69) = 5.44, p < .01. Finally, adolescents with disabilities were ignored more often than their healthy siblings, z = −3.75, p < .001, and they did not monopolize the conversation as often as did their healthy siblings, z = −3.91, p < .001.

Conclusion: These results suggest that adolescents who are disabled may be at a disadvantage when engaged in family interactions in contrast with their healthy siblings.     

飞行员不成熟防御机制与心理健康、 个性、生活事件、社会支持的相关性研究

目的　探讨飞行员心理防御机制与心理社会因素的相关性。方法　对312 例飞行员进行防御方式问卷,卡特尔16 种个性因素问卷,症状自评量表,紧张性生活事件量表,社会支持评定量表测评。结果　揭示飞行员不成熟防御机制与心理健康水平,生活事件,社会支持显著相关,个性因素明显的影响不成熟防御机制;患病飞行员采用不成熟防御机制明显的多。结论　在飞行员心理卫生保健工作中,揭示并修正飞行员不成熟防御机制是十分必要的。     

Kentanserin对大鼠心肌缺血 再灌注损伤的影响

为探讨５ ＨＴ２受体与心肌缺血 再灌注损伤的关系,观察５ ＨＴ２受体阻断剂ｋｅｎｔａｎｓｅｒｉｎ对心肌缺血 再灌注大鼠室颤及左室内压＋ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ及－ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ的影响。结果表明,ｋｅｎｔａｎｓｅｒｉｎ可拮抗缺血性心功能障碍和再灌室颤。提示５ ＨＴ２受体参与了缺血性心功能障碍和再灌室性心律失常的发生。