应用18-FDG SPECT检测存活心肌

评价心肌存活力已经成为缺血性心脏病诊断和评估预后的重要手段。在许多检测存活心肌的试验中,18F-FDG(18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖)PET显像评价心肌葡萄糖代谢被认为是最准确的方法,但是由于PET的价格昂贵限制了这种技术的发展。18F-FDGSPECT检测心肌的方法已经被大多数临床医师接受,除了它的价格可以为多数人接受外,它与18F-FDGPET检测存活心肌的一致性得到认可,因此是一个值得推荐的好方法。     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像141例临床分析

目的:腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像(MPI)与冠状动脉造影(CAG)2种检查方法的结果对比分析。方法:对141例患者分别行腺苷负荷MPI及CAG检查,并使用校正的TIMI血流分级(CTFC)方法评价冠状动脉血流速度。对2种方法的检查结果进行比较分析。结果:腺苷负荷MPI阳性的99例患者中,经CAG检查确诊冠心病者52例,冠状动脉慢血流(CSF)者37例,冠状动脉正常者10例。腺苷负荷MPI对冠心病诊断的灵敏度和特异度为92.9%和44.7%;对CSF诊断的灵敏度和特异度为82.2%和75.0%。结论:腺苷负荷MPI阳性者中一部分为冠心病患者,一部分为CSF者,对于腺苷负荷MPI异常的患者需进一步行CAG检查以明确病情。     

骨肉瘤细胞脱逸化疗诱导的细胞衰老可重新增殖成瘤细胞

目的探讨骨肉瘤细胞(OS)能否脱逸化疗至细胞衰老和再增殖;评价逃逸衰老的细胞成瘤能力,从新的角度解释骨肉瘤复发的机制。方法多柔比星(DOX)诱导骨肉瘤细胞U2OS和MG63制备衰老的细胞模型,SA-Gal染色法检测细胞衰老;Western blot检测衰老相关分子。更换成不含DOX的培养基培养75 d,细胞计数检测细胞增殖和计算脱逸率。而后分为3组:对照组、衰老细胞组和脱逸衰老细胞组,琼脂糖克隆实验检测集落形成和裸鼠成瘤实验检测成瘤能力。结果超过90%的U2OS和MG63呈SA-Gal染色阳性;衰老相关的细胞分子p-p53、p-Rb和p-γH2AX明显升高(P<0.05)。75 d后,观察到有细胞重新增殖(脱逸率百万分之一),具有集落形成和裸鼠成瘤能力。结论衰老的骨肉瘤细胞能够脱逸细胞衰老状态重新增殖并具有成瘤能力。     

2003 - 2010年云南省玉溪市艾滋病吸毒监测哨点梅毒监测结果分析

目的 了解云南省玉溪市吸毒人群梅毒流行特点和变化趋势,为完善下一步的监测、干预措施提供参考。 方法 对玉溪市2003 - 2010年艾滋病吸毒哨点梅毒血清学及行为学监测资料进行统计分析。 结果 共监测2400名静脉注射吸毒人员,检出梅毒阳性52例,历年感染率波动在0.4%~4.3%;对是否有商业性行为按性别做分析差异无统计学意义(2=0.5,P0.05);最后一次商业性行为安全套使用率按性别分析差异有统计学意义(2=11.5,P0.005);按是否感染梅毒分组比较HIV抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(2=0.1,P0.05)。 结论 吸毒哨点梅毒监测阳性率可能低于该人群实际的流行水平,应重视吸毒人群梅毒感染现状,通过媒体、社区、监管场所,对其开展有针对性的宣传教育和行为促进活动。     

膳食补硒改善老年性白内障视力效果观察

目的观察一定剂量富硒饼干对改善老年性白内障视力的作用。方法61例,临床确诊老年性白内障患者每日食用富硒饼干33g（3块、含硒量54μg）,连续服用12周,自身对照,观察视力改变情况和血硒水平。结果老年患者硒摄入量存在不同程度的缺乏;补硒后患者视力有明显提高;补硒后患者血硒有明显增高。结论膳食补硒对老年性白内障患者视力有不同程度的提高。     

A sensitive method to detect the hepatitis B virus mutations by using solid phase PCR on oligonucleotide array

A sensitive method based on solid phase PCR on oligonucleotide array was established to detect two point mutations 1896G-A and 1901G-A in hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, in which 6 probes including these two point mutations were immobilized on modified glass slides through 5' terminal linker, while the 3' terminal was made to be free. The mutated loci were designed to locate on the last nucleotides of 3' terminal respectively, and the positive control probes lacked the last nucleotide of 3' terminal in comparison with the probes used for detection. Probes fixed on oligonucleotide array were also the solid phase amplification primers. One pair of liquid primers was used to amplify the short template product from whole HBV DNA. Using target DNA as template, the solid primers were extended under the action of Taq DNA polymerase and incorporated with Cy-3dCTP as marker. During the thermal cycling reaction, probes served as solid phase amplification primers and amplification products bound to the oligonucleotide array, which could be visualized by incorporation with fluorescent dyes. After amplification, the oligonucleotide array was washed, performed with laser scanning, and then used for quantitative analysis to obtain the information for mutations. The hybridization results were compared with DNA sequencing. It was demonstrated that in case of sample A, the ratios of fluorescence intensities in wide type and in the mutated types of 1896G-A and 1901G-A mutations in HBV were 3.81:1 and 1:3.79 respectively, while, in case of sample B, those were 1:2.89 and 1:3.03 respectively, indicating the presence of point mutations in these two loci. These results correlated to those obtained from DNA sequencing analysis in which the fluorescence intensity ratios in wide type and in the mutated types of 1996G-A and 1901D-A mutations in HBV were 1.26:1 and 1.67:1 respectively. From the above observations, it is evident that the method using solid phase PCR based on oligonucleotide array appears to be a sensitive and promising way to detect mutations with low-density.     

~(99)Tc~m-MIBI在检测乳腺癌中的作用

99Tcm- MIBI(99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈 )是第一个经 FDA (美国食品和药物管理局 )批准作为乳腺显像剂的放射性药物。一些前瞻性研究已经显示 ,99Tcm- MIBI检测乳腺癌的敏感性为 85 % ,特异性 89% ,阳性和阴性预测率分别是 89%和 84%。核素检测乳腺癌有其特殊的临床意义 ,特别是用于那些不能诊断和诊断有困难的乳腺疾病 ,评价高危人群 ,评价对放化疗的反应和检测腋窝转移淋巴结     

18F-FDG hPET/CT鉴别肺部肿块

目的评价18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖双探头符合线路显像对肺部占位病变鉴别诊断的意义.方法 18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖双探头符合线路显像检测47例,病理证实恶性肿瘤37例,良性病变10例.用目测法及半定量法测量病灶的靶/非靶比值,并且比较良、恶性肿瘤组之间病灶直径和靶/非靶的区别,以及病灶直径与靶/非靶之间的关系.结果①18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖双探头符合线路显像阳性40例,阴性7例,灵敏度97%,特异性60%,准确率89%,阳性预测率90%,阴性预测率85%.②47例中有病灶60个,其中恶性病灶46个,直径1.0～8.1 cm,平均(3.14±1.46) cm;良性病灶14个,直径0.8～7.8 cm,平均(3.21±2.48) cm(P＞0.05).46个恶性病灶和14个良性病灶的靶/非靶比值分别是1.57～20.75(平均7.64±4.92)和1.85～15.4(平均4.28±3.24)(P＜0.005).③本组病灶直径与靶/非靶比值之间有正相关关系(r=0.45,P＜0.05).结论 18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖双探头符合线路显像对鉴别诊断肺部良、恶性肿瘤有较大临床价值.     

川崎病患儿血清淀粉样蛋白A的测定及临床意义

目的探讨血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）水平在川崎病（KD）患儿中的变化及临床意义。方法采用终点散射比浊法,利用德灵BN ProSpec特种蛋白分析仪检测SAA和高敏C反应蛋白（hs—CRP）水平。结果30例KD患儿大剂量丙种球蛋白静脉滴注前（以下简称静丙前）和滴注后（以下简称静丙后）血清SAA和hs-CRP水平都比对照组有明显升高,静丙前比静丙后也明显升高;KD患儿血清SAA与hs-CRP水平呈正相关（r=0．62,P〈0.01）。结论血清SAA的检测有助于监测KD患儿病程,评估患者预后和疗效。