Endovascular Treatment of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Japanese Registry of Neuroendovascular Therapy (JR-NET) 1 and 2

To distinguish the characteristics of ruptured cerebral aneurysm that are suitable for endovascular treatment from those that are not, we evaluated factors that influenced the results of aneurysm embolization in patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysm, based on data from the Japanese Registry of Neuroendovascular Therapy (JR-NET) 1 and 2. The multivariate analysis revealed that young patients, patients with low modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores before onset, and patients with low World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grades had good outcome. Compared to proximal internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms, the odds ratio of middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms was 1.67, indicating poorer outcome for MCA aneurysms, and patients with small, wide-neck cerebral aneurysms had poor outcome. Patients treated after 15 days had better outcome than during other periods. The timing of treatment, however, did not influence the outcome in patients treated within 14 days. The outcome was poorer when the responsible doctor for the treatment was a specialist or a non-specialist than a supervisory doctor. The outcome of patients treated with bare platinum coils, and three dimensional (3D) rotational angiography was better, and the outcome of patients who completed treatment with body filling was poorer than in patients with complete occlusion. Perioperative hemorrhagic complications, all ischemic complications, and rebleeding occurred in 4.5%, 6.4%, and 1.4% of patients, respectively. All these complications had poor outcome factors on day 30, with odds ratios of 2.72, 2.96, and 25.49, respectively. We must be fully aware of these risk factors and determine indications for the treatment when endovascular treatment is performed as the treatment of choice for ruptured cerebral aneurysm.     

光固化胶粘剂性能的初步研究

目的：制备一种光固化纳米胶粘剂,对其性能进行初步研究。方法：正交法制备出多个胶粘剂样品,讨论各个因素对材料力学性能的影响,探索合适的配方比例和工艺参数。结果：光固化胶粘剂最优配比为引发剂Darocur1173含量占1％,纳米SiO2含量占50％,基质树脂与稀释单体（Bis—GMA：TEGDMA）的比例为1：1。结论：制备的光固化胶粘剂配方的综合性能最优,可应用于临床。     

苏州地区汉族人上颌第一、二恒磨牙牙根变异的锥形束CT观察

目的揭示苏州地区汉族人群上颌第一、二恒磨牙各型牙根变异的发生状况。方法调取苏州口腔医院放射科接受锥形束CT扫描的汉族患者的CT图像资料,患者共257人。观察上颌恒磨牙牙根变异的牙齿发生率、个体发生率及双侧分布状况。率的比较采用卡方检验,左、右侧的相关性采用Spearman等级相关性分析。结果上颌第一恒磨牙融合根的牙齿发生率3.1%(15/484)。上颌第二恒磨牙3根的牙齿发生率为69.7%(285/409),双侧共同发生率为60.3%(117/194),男、女组间以及双侧差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);牙根变异以2个颊侧根融合最常见(11.7%),其次为融合性单根(10.5%),近颊根与腭根融合的发生率为4.9%。牙根变异在左、右同名牙间具有显著的相关性,相关系数rho=0.607(P<0.01)。结论上颌第一恒磨牙较少发生牙根变异;上颌第二恒磨牙融合根在苏州地区汉族人中具有较高的发生率,掌握其分布特点具有重要的临床意义。     

Claudin-1蛋白在甲状腺癌中的表达及调控

目的：研究Claudin-1蛋白在甲状腺癌中的表达。方法：选取27例乳头状甲状腺癌及其淋巴结转移组织、17例滤泡性甲状腺癌以及19例滤泡性腺癌患者的肿瘤组织,使用免疫组织化学方法检测Claudin-1蛋白的表达,并检测Claudin-1蛋白调控通路中β-catenin的表达。结果：乳头状甲状腺癌组织及转移淋巴结中均有Claudin-1蛋白的高表达,滤泡性甲状腺癌以及滤泡性腺癌患者的肿瘤组织中Claudin-1蛋白的表达较低。相关分析表明β-catenin的表达与Claudin-1蛋白的表达呈显著相关性,甲状腺癌中Claudin-1蛋白的表达可能受wnt/β-catenin途径进行调控。结论：Claudin-1蛋白在甲状腺癌不同类型中有不同的表达,是甲状腺肿瘤的一个重要标志物,其产生受wnt/β-catenin途径进行调控。     

三叉神经痛患者微血管减压术后卡马西平戒断反应的临床表现和原因分析

目的：研究三叉神经痛患者微血管减压术后卡马西平戒断反应的发生情况,并对可能的相关因素进行探讨。方法：对90例诊断为原发性三叉神经痛并行微血管减压术的患者手术前、后进行卡马西平血药浓度测定,观察术后临床表现,评估术后卡马西平戒断反应的发生情况,并对患者的一般情况（年龄、性别、病程）,血管压迫情况（部位、程度）,术中及术后情况（手术时间、术后疗效、并发症）,卡马西平服药情况（服药时间、服药剂量、手术前、后卡马西平血药浓度、术后血药浓度降低值）各可能因素进行分析,采用SAS16.2软件包对结果进行χ2或Fisher检验。结果：术后卡马西平戒断反应的发生率为28.9%,戒断反应的症状主要包括失眠、烦躁、手足震颤、幻觉和剧烈头痛。术前有无卡马西平服用史（P=0.0001）、服药剂量（P=0.0277）和术后血药浓度下降多少（P=0.0213）与戒断反应的发生呈显著相关。结论：术前大剂量使用卡马西平和术后血药浓度大幅度下降,是导致发生三叉神经痛患者微血管减压术后出现卡马西平戒断反应的重要因素。     

Design of the standardizing care to improve outcomes in pediatric end stage renal disease collaborative

The Standardizing Care to Improve Outcomes in Pediatric End Stage Renal Disease (SCOPE) Collaborative is a North American multi-center quality transformation effort whose primary aim is to minimize exit-site infection and peritonitis rates among pediatric chronic peritoneal dialysis patients. The project, developed by the quality improvement faculty and staff at the Children’s Hospital Association’s Quality Transformation Network (QTN) and content experts in pediatric nephrology and pediatric infectious diseases, is modeled after the QTN’s highly successful Pediatric Intensive Care Unit and Hematology-Oncology central line-associated blood-stream infection (CLABSI) Collaboratives. Like the Association’s other QTN efforts, the SCOPE Collaborative is part of a broader effort to assist pediatric nephrology teams in learning about and using quality improvement methods to develop and implement evidence-based practices. In addition, the design of this project allows for targeted research that builds on high-quality, ongoing data collection. Finally, the project, while focused on reducing peritoneal dialysis catheter-associated infections, will also serve as a model for future pediatric nephrology projects that could further improve the quality of care provided to children with end stage renal disease.     

行辅助生殖技术患者流产胎儿人白细胞抗原-G基因14bp插入/缺失多态性分析

目的探讨行辅助生殖技术后流产但染色体数目正常的胎儿人白细胞抗原-G(HLA-G)基因第8外显子14bp插入/缺失多态性情况,以期揭示其与流产发生的相关性。方法应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)及片段分析方法对符合入选条件的47例体外受精(IVF)流产胎儿(IVF流产组)、35例卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)流产胎儿(ICSI流产组)及49例自然妊娠但选择行人工流产的胎儿(染色体数目正常;对照组)的HLA-G基因14bp插入/缺失多态性进行分析。结果 14bp插入/缺失等位基因频率在各组间相近,无统计学差异(P0.05);各组的HLA-G基因+14/+14、+14/-14和-14/-14基因型频率相似,无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论结果提示HLA-G基因14bp插入/缺失多态性不是引起通过辅助生殖技术方式妊娠的染色体数目正常胎儿流产发生的原因。     

曲马多不同静脉给药方案对小儿扁桃体切除术后躁动的影响

目的观察曲马多不同静脉给药方案对小儿扁桃体切除术后躁动的影响。方法择期扁桃体切除术患儿240例,年龄3~6岁,采用随机数字表法分为六组:A组诱导时给予曲马多2mg/kg,手术结束时给予生理盐水;B组诱导时给予生理盐水,手术结束时给予曲马多2mg/kg;C组诱导时给予曲马多1mg/kg,手术结束时给予生理盐水;D组诱导时给予生理盐水,手术结束时给予曲马多1mg/kg;E组诱导时给予曲马多1mg/kg,手术结束时给予曲马多1mg/kg;F组诱导时与手术结束时均给予生理盐水。记录拔管时间,清醒时间,清醒后10、20、30、40、50、60min的Ramsay镇静评分、躁动评分、FLACC评分及恶心呕吐发生率。结果清醒后10~50min B组镇静躁动评分、FLACC评分均明显低于其他五组(P0.05),而F组明显高于其他五组(P0.05)。清醒后10~40min B组Ramsay镇静评分明显高于其他五组(P0.05)。结论曲马多在小儿扁桃体切除术结束时以2mg/kg静脉注射可以在手术后1h内提供较好的镇静与镇痛,不增加手术后恶心呕吐的发生率,不影响拔管时间与清醒时间。     

核因子-kB、肿瘤坏死因子-a在糖尿病大鼠膀胱的表达及相互关系的研究

【目的】观察糖尿病大鼠膀胱组织的病理改变，检测核因子-kBp65、肿瘤坏死因子-a表达的变化，并探讨两者关系。【方法】采用右下腹腔内一次性注射链脲佐菌素60mg／kg诱导Wistar大鼠糖尿病模型26只，分别于成模后1、3、6个月观察膀胱组织的病理改变，检测核因子-kBp65、肿瘤坏死因子-a表达变化。【结果】随糖尿病病程延长，膀胱组织发生病理改变，核因子-kBp65、肿瘤坏死因子-a表达显著增强，两者呈正相关。【结论】核因子-kBp65、肿瘤坏死因子-a与糖尿病膀胱的病理、功能改变相关。     

胃镜检查中应激反应的影响因素及预防

目的调查胃镜检查中的应激反应，探讨可能的影响因素及预防对策。方法对200例胃镜检查者监测检查过程心血管反应及生理反应，观察应激反应与性别、年龄、基础疾病、插管反应、操作水平、检查时间、次数之间的关系。结果心血管反应发生率62．0％，收缩压与舒张压增高12．5％、14．6％，心率加快16．0％；出现缺血性ST-T及T波改变、心律失常18例；生理反应发生率为60．5％。影响因素：女性、年龄大、伴基础疾病、插管反应明显、检查时间长、内镜医师操作水平低等，与检查次数的多少无关。结论胃镜检查中，可发生不同程度的血液动力学变化及生理反应；提高内镜医生操作水平，缩短检查时间；同时对存在危险因素者进行心理干预、施行心电监护，进行无痛检查或应用恩丹西酮，可减轻应激反应。