水泥型羟基磷灰石人工骨的制备及性能分析(英文)

目的:制备水泥型羟基磷灰石人工骨,并进行性能分析。方法:高温法制备出磷酸四钙,然后在模拟体内环境下将其与无水磷酸氢钙发生水化固化反应,合成水泥型羟基磷灰石人工骨,采用X线衍射、扫描电镜观察、体积密度、吸水率、孔隙率及耐压强度测量进行性能分析。结果:该人工骨主要成分为低结晶度的羟基磷灰石;微观结构呈针状或花瓣状晶体构成,微孔直径约4-10 μm,孔隙相互交通;平均体积密度为1.922 g·cm~(-3);平均吸水率为15.503％;孔隙率为29.777％;耐压强度为42.70 MPa。结论:本研究所制人工骨具有三维空间结构,力学性能符合人体非负重骨植骨要求。     

长柄梭罗细胞毒活性部位的化学成分研究

目的 对长柄梭罗Reevesia longipetiolata树皮具细胞毒活性的醋酸乙酯部分化学成分进行研究。方法 采用常压、加压硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、高效液相色谱进行分离和纯化，通过理化和波谱分析方法鉴定化合物结构。结果 从其醋酸乙酯部分分离得到5个化合物，分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol，I)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol，Ⅱ)、白桦脂酸(betulinic acid，Ⅲ)、羽扇豆醇(lupeol，Ⅳ)和( )-儿茶素[( )-catechin，V]。结论 5个化合物均为首次从该属植物中分得，并分别讨论了它们的细胞毒活性。     

人钠/二羧酸协同转运蛋白3基因调控肾小管上皮细胞线粒体膜电位的研究

目的 观察人钠／二羧酸协同转运蛋白3(hNaDC3，)对人肾脏近曲小管上皮细胞(HKC)线粒体膜电位的变化及其对细胞能量代谢的影响。方法 应用亚克隆技术构建正义pcDNA3-hNaDC3和反义pcDNA3-AhNaDC3两个真核表达载体，通过脂质体LipofectAMINE将pcDNA3-hNaDC3及pcDNA3-AhNaDC3转染至HKC细胞。克隆筛选后，用RT—PCR、Northern印迹及Western印迹鉴定外源基因的整合和表达。荧光探针JC-1观察各细胞系线粒体膜电位的变化。结果 外源hNaDC3基因稳定整合到HKC细胞基因组中，并获得高、低表达。转染正义hNaDC3cDNA的HKC细胞线粒体膜电位降低，JC-1在线粒体内形成单体，发出绿色荧光；而转染反义hNaDC3cDNA的HKC细胞线粒体膜电位略微升高，JC-1形成聚合体，发出红色荧光。结论 hNaDC3过表达引起线粒体膜电位降低，反义hNaDC3则使线粒体膜电位略微升高。提示NaDC3可能通过使线粒体膜电位下降，参与了细胞能量代谢。     

不稳定型下颈椎损伤的手术治疗(附56例分析)

目的分析手术治疗下颈椎不稳定性损伤的适应证、手术方法及疗效。方法2001年1月～2003年1月,手术治疗下颈椎不稳定性损伤共56例。参照Aebi及White等人的手术适应证,以前路手术为主;对于难复性颈椎脱位或不伴椎间盘损伤者,行后路施术或前后联合入路手术;稳定性评分大于8分的前后柱损伤者,行前后联合入路手术。以Frankel评分系统评价神经功能恢复情况,以损伤节段Cobb角及水平移位来评价复位情况,采用Bohlman的X线片标准判定植骨融合情况。结果Frankel评分术前平均为2.3分,术后3.1分;按Bohlman标准3个月时植骨融合率为80%,6个月时为100%。术前Cobb角平均为8°,术后为1.5°,水平移位由术前的平均3.5mm减小到0.5mm。结论手术治疗下颈椎不稳定性损伤具有改善神经功能、恢复颈椎序列、恢复椎间高度及生理曲度、可早日下地活动等优点,手术病例及方法的选择应根据患者是否有致压因素及颈椎稳定性等综合考虑。     

Differentiation of human epidermal stem cells into fibroblasts induced by TGF-β1 in vitro

Objective To investigate the correlation between human epidermal stem cell (hESCs) and hypertrophic scar or keloid. Methods Improved collagen Ⅳ-coated adhesion methods was used to isolate and culture the epidermal stem cells after neutral protease selectively digested the dermo-epidermal junctions. After the cells were cultured and expanded in vitro, and passage 3 hESCs were induced by different concentrations of TGF-β1 (0.1, 5.0, and 10.0 ng/ml). Morphological fea-tures and identification of these cells were meseasured by HE, Masson, immunohistochemical staining on the days 3 and 7, respectively. Results After induced by TGF-β1 for 3 and 7 days, the morpholo-gy of the epidermal stem cell (hESCs) was changed into fusiform shape, similar to fibroblasts. 70 % ofthe cell which was induced by TGF-β1 were blue stained in the cytoplasm by Masson stain, which is the distinctive method for collagen, suggesting collagen appeared or increased in the cells. The collagen concentrations in supernatants of hESCs were 0.4150±0.0014, 0.3380±0. 0020, and 0.3870±0.0020, much higher than that in control group (0.0780±0.0025) and normal skin fibro-blast group (0.15004±0.0051) (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that positive rates of these cells for anti-vimentin staining were more than (95.00±1.20)% in experiments and (5.70±0.20)% in control group. Conclusion The differentiantion of hESCs induced by TGF-β1 into fibro-blasts indicates that hESCs may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypetrophic scar and keloid.     

脂肪乳剂在重症急性胰腺炎营养治疗中的安全性及有效性分析

目的 :探讨脂肪乳剂应用于重症急性胰腺炎的安全性和有效性。　方法 :回顾分析重症急性胰腺炎病人肠外营养治疗期间 ,应用脂肪乳剂的影响。 74例重症急性胰腺炎病人行肠外营养治疗 ,按静脉营养液是否含脂肪乳剂分为脂乳组和非脂乳组。　结果 :脂乳组肠外营养治疗后清蛋白、前白蛋白改善显著 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,非脂乳组则无显著变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,脂乳组较非脂乳组改善明显 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;血清肌酐、尿素氮等在脂乳组治疗后下降明显 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,较非脂乳组改善显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;营养治疗结束后 ,脂乳组高血糖症状明显得到控制 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,而非脂乳组效果不佳 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,脂乳组优于非脂乳组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;血淀粉酶均有下降 ,脂乳组未见异常增高。　结论 :重症急性胰腺炎病人输注脂肪乳剂安全有效 ,有助于恢复正氮平衡     

脾脏切除对胸腺和淋巴结免疫功能的影响

报道脾脏切除（脾切）对动物胸腺和淋巴结免疫功能的影响，脾切后３ｗ大鼠胸腺细胞自发增殖及ＣｏｎＡ诱导增殖均无明显变化，ＣｏｎＡ诱导淋巴结细胞增殖脾切组明显高于假手术对照组，脾切后３ｗ再用ＳＲＢＣ免疫，５ｄ后小鼠腹腔淋巴结数量脾切明显高于对照组，用ＱＨＳ法测定淋巴结细胞对ＳＲＢＣ初次抗体产生脾切组则明显低于对照组。     

五型病毒性肝炎的暴露因素与临床表现的比较

比较急性病毒性肝炎患者感染打危险因素，同时比较五型肝炎的症状和体征。连续收集急性病毒性肝炎患者血清２９３份，用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测了五型肝炎病毒的病原学指标，并进行了流赞美同学调查。暴露因素：丙肝的肠道外暴露外明显多于甲肝；甲肝和戊肝有较高的“甲肝”患者接触史；乙肝，丙肝和丁肝有高的“乙肝”接触史，与甲肝，戊肝相比差异显著。     

Clinical observation of Qi deficiency syndrome in 72 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with Yiqi Mianyi Granule

Seventy-two patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of Qi deficiency syndrome with abnormal immune indices were treated with Yiqi Mianyi Granule (YQMYG) and the efficacy was compared with that of 30 cases treated with Zhenqi fuzheng Granule (ZQFZG) for control. Results showed that the markedly effective rate of symptomatic improvement of Qi deficiency in YQMYG group was 65.3%, the total effective rate 93.1%. 88.6% of the immune indices lower than normal were corrected and 43. 7% of them were normalized, while for indices that were higher than normal the rate were 78.2% and 52.9% respectively. These results suggested that YQMYG could improve symptom of Qi Deficiency markedly, strengthen cellular immunity and regulate immune dysfunction. Its therapeutic efficacy was obviously superior to ZQFZG (P<0.Q5).     

克隆特含漱液毒性实验研究

目的探讨克隆特会激液对实验动物的毒性反应。方法小鼠灌胃给药、大鼠局部给药，连续观察14d内动物的毒性反应；将克隆特含激浪涂数干实验动物的完整和破损皮肤上，观察局部刺激作用、皮肤过敏反应；将克隆特含激法0．1ml缓慢注入明道内，每日一次，连续1wk，观察用道粘膜组织有无充血、水肿现象。结果克隆特合漱液小鼠灌胃30ml·kg-1体重（含甲硝吐150mg）无毒性反应；局部用药量为5ml·kg-1体重（合甲硝唑25mg）亦未出现毒性反应；对皮肤及明道粘膜无明显刺激作用，亦未见皮肤过敏反应。结论克隆特合漱法局部用药较安全。