妥布霉素地塞米松眼膏联合茶树油清洁湿巾治疗蠕形螨睑缘炎

目的：探讨妥布霉素地塞米松眼膏联合缘螨净茶树油清洁湿巾治疗蠕形螨睑缘炎的治疗效果。

方法：前瞻性临床研究。选取蠕形螨睑缘炎患者72例,随机分为3组,试验组给予妥布霉素地塞米松眼膏联合缘螨净茶树油清洁湿巾治疗,对照1组给予妥布霉素地塞米松眼膏联合茶树油眼膏治疗,对照2组给予茶树油眼膏治疗。治疗30d后,对患者进行症状评分、拔睫毛螨虫计数及裂隙灯下观察临床体征评分。比较三组治疗前后数据。

结果：三组治疗前后蠕形螨计数均有差异(P<0.01),症状总评分差值有差异(F=20.05,P<0.01),体征总评分差值有差异(F=8.10,P<0.01)。

结论：妥布霉素地塞米松眼膏联合缘螨净茶树油清洁湿巾治疗蠕形螨睑缘炎疗效显著,茶树油清洁湿巾具有便携、易保存、不易变质的特点。     

急性视网膜坏死综合征全玻璃体切除的治疗效果

目的 探讨急性视网膜坏死综合征(ARNS)全玻璃体切除手术的治疗效果.方法 对2003年3月至2006年10月,共连续17例(17只眼)ARNS患者在我科做了玻璃体手术.伴有视网膜脱离13例,无视网膜脱离4例.所有患者均采用全玻璃体切除术,剥离视网膜前膜和坏死视网膜,部分病人做了松解性视网膜切开或切除,用重水压平视网膜后眼内光凝或直接眼内光凝,气液交换后,用C3F8填充2例和用硅油填充15例.取出以前环扎带1例和做环扎1例.结果 追踪时间至少半年,除膨胀气体填充的2例手术失败外,其余15例患者在术后1～12月顺利取出硅油,视网膜保持复位.最后一次随访最好矫正视力:光感至指数4例,0.2～0.3者5例,0.5～0.7者5例,≥1者3例.结论 全玻璃体切除术、眼内光凝和硅油填充治疗ARNS具有良好地手术效果.     

输卵管阻塞性不孕症宫、腹腔镜术后治疗方法的探讨

目的:探讨输卵管阻塞性不孕症宫、腹腔镜术后阻止再次粘连和阻塞的诊疗方法。方法:将宫、腹腔镜术后至少一侧输卵管通畅的不孕症患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组和对照组分别术后第1次月经干净后3~7 d应用欣可聍或注射体积分数20%甲硝唑氯化钠注射液进行彩色B超监测下宫腔镜输卵管插管通液;观察术后1年的妊娠情况,术后1年未孕者,于月经干净后3~7 d行子宫输卵管碘佛醇造影检查,了解输卵管通畅度。结果:术后1年治疗组妊娠率(68.75%)高于对照组(51.25%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.104,P=0.024);异位妊娠差异无统计学意义(P0.05);未孕者治疗组双侧输卵管通畅率(40.9%)高于对照组(14.2%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.168,P=0.023)。结论:输卵管阻塞性不孕症宫、腹腔镜术后第1次月经干净后3~7 d用欣可聍注射液进行彩色B超监测下宫腔镜输卵管插管通液,可以降低盆腔的再次粘连,维持输卵管的通畅,提高受孕率,值得临床推广应用。     

孕妇血浆中sCD40及其配体与子痫前期发病及肾功能损害的关系

目的 探讨孕妇血浆中可溶性白细胞分化抗原(sCD40)和sCD40配体(sCD40L)水平变化与子痫前期发病及肾功能损害的关系.方法 选择2008年8月-2010年6月在青岛大学医学院附属医院产科分娩的轻度子痫前期孕妇28例(轻度子痫前期组),重度子痫前期孕妇35例(重度子痫前期组);另选同期妊娠结局良好的健康孕妇30例为对照组.比较3组孕妇分娩孕周及血压变化、血小板计数并检测其血常规、C反应蛋白(CRP)、尿常规、24h尿蛋白定量,以及血清尿酸(UA)、肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)等生化指标.采用ELISA法检测3组孕妇血浆中sCD40和sCD40L的水平,并对血浆sCD40和sCD40L的水平与各临床指标的相关性进行分析.结果 (1)血常规及l临床指标:重度子痫前期组和轻度子痫前期组孕妇血浆CRP水平(分别为10.8及7.1 mg/L)均明显高于对照组(3.3 mg/L),前后两者分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);重度子痫前期组高于轻度子痫前期组,两组比较,差异也有统计学意义(P＜0.05).重度子痫前期组孕妇分娩孕周(32.5周)明显低于轻度子痫前期组(37.2周)和对照组(38.6周),分别与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);轻度子痫前期组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).重度子痫前期组孕妇血小板计数(132×109/L)明显低于轻度子痫前期组(212×109/L)和对照组(216×109/L),分别比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);轻度子痫前期组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).3组孕妇之间血红蛋白水平及白细胞数分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(2)血浆sCD40及sCD40L水平:重度子痫前期组、轻度子痫前期组和对照组孕妇血浆sCD40水平分别为133.6、126.5和90.7 ng/L,sCD40L水平分别为12.5、10.4和4.4 ng/L,24h尿蛋白定量分别为4.5、0.8 g和0,UA水平分别为486、289和162 μmol/L,重度子痫前期组以上各指标均明显高于轻度子痫前期组和对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);轻度子痫前期组也明显高于对照组,差异也有统计学意义(P＜0.01).重度子痫前期组孕妇血浆Cr(89 μmol/L)、BUN(5.32 mmol/L)水平高于轻度子痫前期组(分别为66μmol/L及4.49mmol/L)和对照组(分别为57 μmol/L及3.32 mmol/L),分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);轻度子痫前期组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(3)相关性分析:轻、重度子痫前期组孕妇血浆sCD40水平与24 h尿蛋白定量呈正相关(r=0.434,P＜0.05),与UA、CRP呈明显正相关(r=0.536、0.528,P＜0.01),与收缩压、舒张压、分娩孕周、Cr、BUN、血小板计数无明显相关(r分别为0.135、0.183、-0.133、0.190、0.167、-0.221,P均＞0.05).轻、重度子痫前期组孕妇血浆sCD40L水平与24 h尿蛋白定量、UA、CRP均呈明显正相关(r分别为0.591、0.445、0.539,P均＜0.01),与收缩压、舒张压、分娩孕周、Cr、BUN、血小板计数无明显相关(r分别为0.178、0.212、-0.292、0.144、0.135、-0.273,P均＞0.05).轻、重度子痫前期组孕妇血浆sCD40L水平与sCD40呈明显正相关(r均为0.707,P＜0.01).对照组孕妇血浆sCD40、sCD40L水平与各项临床指标均无相关性(P＞0.05).结论 子痫前期孕妇血浆中sCD40和sCD40L水平明显升高,可能参与了子痫前期的发病,并导致肾功能损害.sCD40和sCD40L水平变化也与子痫前期的严重程度相关.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the variance levels of plasma soluble leukocyte differentiation antigens CD40 (sCD40) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) in preeclamptic patients with renal damage and its relationship. Methods A total of 63 pregnant women attended the Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College between August 2008 and June 2010. In the present study included 28 pregnant women with mild preeclampsia and 35 patients with severe preeclampsia. Thirty matched normotensive pregnant women were enrolled in the study as the control group. Expression of sCD40 and sCD40L were determined by ELISA. At the same time, the blood routine, C reaction protein ( CRP),urine routine, 24 hours urine protein excretion, and serum uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. The correlation analysis was performed between the sCD40/sCD40L and the blood biochemical indexes in 3 groups. Results ( 1 ) The median levels of CRP in severe preeclampsia (10. 8 mg/L)and mild preeclampsia group(7. I mg/L)are significantly higher than that of control group (3. 3 mg/L,P ＜ 0. 05 ); The level of CRP in severe preeclampsia group was also higher than that of mild preeclampsia group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The median gestational age at delivery in severe preeclampsia ( 32. 5 weeks)was significantly less than that of mild preeclampsia group ( 37. 2 weeks) and normal group ( 38. 6 weeks,P ＜ 0. 05). However no significant differences were observed between mild preeclampsia group and normal group ( P ＞0. 05 ). The platelet count in severe preeclampsia ( 132 × 109/L) was significantly less than those of mild preeclampsia group (212 × 109/L) and normal group ( 216 × 109/L, P ＜ 0. 01 ), but no significant differences were observed in blood platelet amount between mild preeclampsia group and normal group ( P ＞0. 05 ). There was no significant difference in hemoglobin level and white blood cell in three groups ( P ＞0. 05). (2) The sCD40 plasma concentration in severe, mild preeclampsia and normal group was 133.6,126. 5 and 90. 7 ng/L, respectively. The sCD40 L plasma concentrations were 12. 5, 10. 4 and 4. 4 ng/L respectively in the 3 groups. 24 hours urinary protein quantitative was 4. 5 g/d,0. 8 g/d and 0 in the 3 groups respectively. And the UA level was 486 μ mol/L,289 μmol/L and 162 μmol/L. In the above three groups,the monitoring indicators were significantly higher in women with severe preeclampsia group compared with mild preeclampsia and control groups (P ＜ 0. 01 ), and there were also higher in mild preeclampsia group than that in control groups ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). The level of plasma Cr ( 89 μmol/L) and BUN ( 5. 32 mmol/L) in severe preeclampsia group were higher than those of mild preeclampsia group (66 μmol/L and 4. 49mmol/L) and control group ( 57 μmol/L and 3.32 mmol/L, P ＜ 0. 05 ). There was no significant difference between mild preeclampsia group and normal group (P ＞ 0. 05 ). (3) The correlation analysis indicated that the level of sCD40 has a positive correlation with 24 hours urinary protein quantitative( r = 0. 434, P ＜ 0. 05 ),also significant positive correlation( r =0. 536,0. 528 ,P ＜ 0. 01 ) between the level of sCD40 and UA or CRP in women with preeclampsia. There was no significant correlation between the level of sCD40 and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, delivery gestational age, Cr, BUN, and platelet count(r =0. 135,0. 183, -0. 133,0. 190,0. 167, -0. 221 ,all P ＞0. 05 ). There were positive correlation between the level of sCD40L and 24 hours urine protein excretion, either UA or CRP( r =0. 591,0. 445,0. 539 ,all P ＜0. 01 ). No significant correlation was found between sCD40 L and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure,delivery gestational age, Cr, BUN, and platelet count( r =0. 178,0. 212, -0. 292,0. 144,0. 135, -0. 273,all P ＞0. 05). There was significant positive correlation between plasma sCD40 and sCD40L ( r =0. 707 ,P ＜0. 01 ). There was no relationship between the level of sCD40, sCD40L and the blood biochemical indexes in normotensive pregnant women ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusions The plasma concentrations of sCD40 and sCD40 L are significantly higher in pregnant women with preeclampsia compared with the control, which may be involved in the development of preeclampsia and contribute to the kidney damage. The variance levels of sCD40 and sCD40L may be also related to the severity of preeclampsia.     

NMNAT1缺失对小鼠视网膜双极细胞和无长突细胞的影响

目的　探索烟酰胺单核苷酸腺苷转移酶1（NMNAT1）缺失对视网膜神经元细胞结构及功能的损伤作用。方法　利用NMNAT1^fl/fl小鼠与Six3启动子下表达Cre重组酶的转基因（Six3-Cre）小鼠杂交,获得NMNAT1条件基因敲除小鼠及其同窝对照小鼠,实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot进行检测。在基因敲除小鼠出生后第0、4、10、30天（P0、P4、P10、P30）取材,制作冰冻切片,分别进行HE染色测量视网膜厚度,免疫荧光染色鉴定受损细胞类型以及检测恢复蛋白和视紫质表达水平。结果　与同窝对照小鼠相比,基因敲除小鼠在P0时视网膜并没有明显的形态差异,视网膜厚度比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;到P4时基因敲除小鼠表现出视网膜内层和外层中的分层破坏和大规模细胞死亡,基因敲除小鼠P4时距视神经500 μm、1000 μm、1250 μm的视网膜厚度均明显低于同窝对照小鼠（均为P<0.05）,而距视神经1750 μm的视网膜厚度尚未受影响（P>0.05）;基因敲除小鼠P10时距视神经500 μm、1000 μm、1250 μm、1750 μm的视网膜厚度均低于同窝对照小鼠（均为P<0.05）。基因敲除小鼠全部视网膜内外层的退化在 P30 时几乎完成。此外,与同窝对照小鼠相比,P4时基因敲除小鼠视网膜神经节细胞、双极细胞和无长突细胞的数量差异均没有统计学意义（均为P>0.05）,P10时视网膜神经节细胞没有显著差异（P>0.05）,基因敲除小鼠双极细胞、无长突细胞分别减少了约75%、51%（均为P<0.05）。与同窝对照小鼠相比,基因敲除小鼠在P4时视网膜几乎不表达恢复蛋白和视紫质（均为P<0.05）。结论　NMNAT1缺失主要导致视网膜双极细胞和无长突细胞损害以及恢复蛋白和视紫质缺失。     

尼莫地平治疗急性脑出血76例

目的:观察尼莫地平治疗急性脑出血的临床疗效.方法:应用前瞻性单盲方法,152例经CT证实的急性脑出血患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组各76例,全部病例入院即给予20%甘露醇溶液250 mL,静脉滴注,bid,进行脱水降颅压及对症处理.治疗组加用尼莫地平30 mg,po,tid,意识障碍者予以鼻饲;对照组不加用其他疗法.疗程均为30 d.采用神经功能缺损程度评分及CT片中血肿、水肿灶体积为指标,比较两组疗效.结果:治疗组与对照组治疗后的血肿平均体积分别为(7.2±0.2),(15.9±1.2) mm3;水肿平均体积分别为(3.9±1.2),(10.1±4.2) mm3;神经功能缺损评分分别为(9.2±4.2),(17.3±8.2)分.治疗组疗效优于对照组,差异均有显著性(均P＜0.05).结论:尼莫地平是一种治疗急性脑出血安全、有效的药物.     

胃泌素瘤诊治进展

胃泌素瘤于1955年由Zollinger和Ellison发现,因此又被称为Zollinger-Ellison综合征.Zollinger证实了肿瘤的粗提取物具有强大的促胃液分泌的作用,此后研究发现这种肿瘤可分泌一种促分泌物质.1969年Gregory证明这种促分泌物质即为胃泌素,因而称之为胃泌素瘤[1].该瘤为少见病,其发病率仅为(0.1～15.0)/100万[2].现将其诊治进展综述如下.     

盐酸芬氟拉明对映体的柱前衍生物GC法分析

以ω－莰烷酰氯为衍生试剂,采用柱前衍生化ＧＣ法,成功地分析了盐酸芬氟拉明、金刚乙胺和盐酸氯胺酮。光谱分析确证了芬氟拉明酰胺衍生物的结构,优化了盐酸芬氟拉明酰胺衍生物的结构,优化了盐酸芬氟拉明衍生条件,建立了盐酸花氟拉明的内标法定量分析方法。     

尼莫地平片抽验结果质量分析

目的通过对全国34个生产厂家的850批次尼莫地平片抽验结果的分析,考察国内市场上尼莫地平片的质量情况。方法采用中国药典2005版对本品进行全检,并参照日本在"药品品质再评价"拟定流程中对溶出度试验条件的规定,分别考察6个主要厂家尼莫地平片在水、pH 1.2人工胃液、pH 4.0醋酸盐缓冲液、pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液4种溶出介质中的体外溶出行为。结果经按中国药典2005版对全国850批样品检验,仅4批样品不合格,不合格率为0.47%,不合格项目为溶出度。同一批尼莫地平片在不同溶出介质中溶出差异很大;不同药厂尼莫地平片在同一溶出介质中溶出行为亦存在显著差异。结论尼莫地平片的生产工艺成熟,性质较稳定,总体质量情况较好,主要质量问题体现在体外溶出行为上。     

某三甲医院实施抗菌药物临床应用专项整治前后应用情况比较

目的 评价专项整治活动开展前后抗菌药物临床应用情况.方法 收集该院抗菌药物专项整治前,即2010年1月至2011年6月抗菌药物使用相关数据;与整治后2011年7月至2013年8月抗菌药物使用相关数据进行统计分析.结果 （1）实施专项整治后,该院抗菌药物使用日趋合理.监测指标中,住院患者抗菌药物使用率、抗菌药物使用强度、Ⅰ类切口抗菌药物预防使用率、外科手术预防使用抗菌药物时间在0.5～2h符合率及Ⅰ类切口手术预防用药疗程符合率整治前后差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（2）该院铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌耐药率在抗菌药物专项整治前后,经W检验差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 抗菌药物专项整治非常有必要,通过专项整治,抗菌药物的使用更加合理.