钡灌肠和CT及MRI对结直肠癌诊断的比较影像学研究

目的比较钡灌肠(BE)、计算机X线断层扫描(CT)和磁共振成像(MRI)对结直肠癌检查的临床价值。方法对64例经临床拟诊结直肠癌患者的影像学资料进行对比分析。结果64例患者中39例行BE检查,31例行螺旋CT检查,42例行MRI检查。其中经手术病理证实的结直肠癌54例。BE、CT和MRI对结直肠癌检查的敏感度分别为96.9%、96.2%和97.1%;准确度分别为92.3%、83.9%和90.5%。CT和MRI对结直肠癌T分期诊断的准确度分别为73.1%和82.9%。结论BE是结直肠癌的基本影像学检查方法,CT和MRI是BE必要的补充检查手段,BE加MRI是诊断结直肠癌的优选组合检查方法。     

不同临床和病理分型对肝门部胆管癌切除术预后的影响

目的 研究临床和病理分型与肝门部胆管癌切除术疗效的关系。方法总结1993年至2004年在解放军总医院肝胆外科手术切除的肝门部胆管癌198例病例资料。结果临床分型Ⅰ型34例，Ⅱ型60例，Ⅲa型27例，Ⅲb型33例，Ⅳ型19例，Ⅴa型6例。Ⅴb型19例。病理高分化腺癌35例，中分化腺癌52例，低分化腺癌54例，三者的中位生存期分别为29．5、11、5．5个月；病理切缘阴性者与切缘阳性者生存率有显著性差异（P 〈0．05）。手术并发症出现率41．4％，围手术期死亡1例。结论肝门部胆管癌根据临床分型进行相应的手术治疗；病理切缘阴性是影响预后的主要因素之一；围手术期正确处理，是减少手术并发症，提高患者生活质量和延长生存期的关键。     

丙丁酚对载脂蛋白E~(-/-)小鼠主动脉粥样硬化病变及病变处凝集素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体1表达的影响

目的观察丙丁酚对载脂蛋白E-/-小鼠主动脉粥样硬化斑块形成及主动脉凝集素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体1表达的影响,以探讨丙丁酚调节血脂以外的可能的抗动脉粥样硬化作用机制。方法将21只4周龄的雄性载脂蛋白E-/-小鼠随机分成基础饮食对照组、高脂饮食对照组和高脂饮食加丙丁酚组     

外科危重病人输血适应证选择及合理应用

输血在医疗活动中是很普遍的,美国北卡大学医学实验室的Hay等[1]在对北卡大学附属医院2004年死亡的病人进行回顾性调查分析后发现,有67.9%的病人输过血。大量的输血也造成了血源的紧张,目前我国无偿献血所能提供的血量只相当于临床需要量的60%,而输血的并发症也一直困扰着我们,     

氟伐他汀对缺血性脑卒中患者的疗效观察及护理措施

Objective To explore the effect and nursing main points of fluvastatin on the patients with cerebral arterial thrombosis. Methods Eighty-five patients with cerebral arterial thrombosis were randomly divided into three groups. Group Ⅰ was the negative control group. Group Ⅱ was the conventional-dose therapy group and group Ⅲ was the high-dose therapy group. Each group was treated with related therapy and care. The blood lipids in all groups were tested before the treatment, 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks after the treatment; the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were measured by the Germany SEQUOIAS-512-B ultra machine before the treatment and 24 weeks after the treatment; At the same time, the side effects of fluvastatin were recorded. Results The results of blood lipid tests showed that the LDL, TC and TG in two treated groups were significantly decreased compared to negative control group (P<0.05). After treated for 24 weeks, the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in two treated groups were significantly reduced (P<0.05); the side effects of fluvastatin were infrequent and there was no significant different among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The effects of different doses of fluvastatin on cerebral arterial thrombosis were significantly different. With the dose of fluvastatin increased, the serum LDL-L and TC reduced more obvious and the inhibition on carotid atherosclerosis shows more obvious, and the side effects did not increased.     

TNF-α和低氧对胰腺癌细胞表达VEGF-A、C的调节

目的:探讨细胞活素肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、SNAP(S-Nitroso-Nacetyl-penicillamine)对胰腺癌细胞产生血管内皮生长因子A、C(VEGF-A、C)的调节.方法:用Northern杂交和Western杂交法分析6种人胰腺癌细胞株中VEGF-A、C基因和蛋白的表达;以TNF-α或SNAP刺激其中两个细胞株后用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应技术(RT-PCR)分析其VEGF-A、C基因的表达.结果:Northern杂交法显示这6种胰腺癌细胞株均有4.1kb VEGF-A基因和2.4kb VEGF-C基因的表达;Western杂交法显示它们均有分子量为43kD的VEGF-A蛋白质和分子量为55kD的VEGF-C蛋白质的表达.RT-PCR分析法显示:TNF-α使细胞株COLO-357产生VEGF-A、VEGF-C mRNA分别减少约1～2.5倍、1～2倍,使细胞株CAPAN-1产生VEGF-A、VEGF-C mRNA分别减少约1倍、1.6～2.5倍;而SNAP刺激细胞株COLO-357产生VEGF-A mRNA增加约5倍,刺激细胞株CAPAN-1产生VEGF-A mRNA增加约4倍,但对这两种细胞株产生VEGF-C mRNA均无明显刺激作用.结论:细胞活素TNF-α和低氧通过调节血管内皮生长因子A、C的表达而影响胰腺癌细胞的生物学特性,抑制癌细胞的增殖,促进其凋亡、死亡或进展、恶化.     

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibody against colon cancer associated antigen in Chinese]

Although many monoclonal antibodies have been made in human colon cancer, none of them are from the Chinese species. Recently, a colon cancer cell line CC-M2 established from a Chinese patient has been completely characterized and used as immunogen to produce monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies were produced by standard hybridoma technique. The fusion rate was 95.8%. An isotype IgG1 of high proliferation named as Sam-2 was used in this study. The titers were measured around 10(4). Further studies on MoAb Sam-2 through indirect immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase tests revealed its good specificity and sensitivity in colorectal cancer tissue. In CEA study, the result indicated that Sam-2 may react on a non-CEA related antigen. For further clinical application, the antigen was identified as a glycoprotein by chemical resistant test. In preliminary studies using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting techniques, Sam-2 could recognize two closed antigens or a dimer antigen with molecular weight 25.2 and 27 Kd respectively.     

牛骨形成蛋白在骨不连中的临床应用

应用牛骨形成蛋白（ｂｏｖｉｎｅＢｏｎｅＭｏｒｐｈｏｇｅｎｅｔｉｃＰｒｏｔｅｉｎ简称ｂ－ＢＭＰ）成功的治愈１３例骨不连病人。经过１３个月～２９个月随访观察，效果较好。本组病人术前平均已做过１．５次手术。１３例病人中，有１２例被１次治愈。１例病人再次行内固定加用牛骨形成蛋白的植入也被治愈。骨形成蛋白的应用方式，采用同锻石膏复合后植入骨不连处。平均每个病人植入１００ｍｇＢＭＰ，１３例病人平均治愈时间为４．７个月。术后没有任何并发症。     

竹荪深层发酵菌丝体对小鼠免疫功能的影响及其抗肿瘤作用

过对食药用真菌──竹荪深层发酵菌丝体提取液对小鼠免疫功能及S－180肿瘤细胞的作用观察，表明其发酵菌丝体可明显提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能（P＜0．01），并显著增加免疫器官的重量（P＜0．05）；对小鼠S－180肿瘤的抑瘤率为40．63％。     

Low sodium content formula for infants with congestive heart failure

Twenty-two infants of isolated ventricular septal defect with congestive heart failure were fed with lower-sodium content formula-Lonalac (Mead-Johnson) to study the clinical response of treatment for congestive heart failure. There were no significant changes of intake, urinary output, serum sodium, potassium and osmolality before, 2 days and 6 days after Lonalac feeding. The low sodium content formula may feed the infants with congestive heart failure in addition to the traditional anticongestive therapy.