缺氧诱导因子-1在缺氧预处理心肌保护中的作用及其机制研究

目的:研究缺氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)在缺氧预处理(HPC)心肌细胞保护中的作用及其机制。方法:在培养的SD乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧(H/R)模型上,观察HPC对于24h后心肌细胞H/R损伤的影响,以MTT法测定心肌细胞存活率,试剂盒测定培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性。制备心肌细胞蛋白提取物,以磷酸化的细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK1/2)抗体测定HPC后不同时间ERK1/2活性,以聚丙烯酰胺电泳迁移实验观察HIF-1α磷酸化,并观察蛋白磷酸酶激动剂BDM和ERKs的上游激酶(MEK1/2)抑制剂PD98059对于HPC诱导的HIF-1α磷酸化以及心肌细胞保护作用的影响。结果:HPC可以提高心肌细胞H/R后存活率、减少LDH漏出,并激活ERK1/2,使HIF-1α发生磷酸化;蛋白磷酸酶激动剂BDM和ERKs的上游激酶MEK抑制剂PD98059可以消除HPC诱导的HIF-1α磷酸化和心肌细胞保护作用。结论:HPC可以提高乳鼠心肌细胞对于H/R的耐受性,其机制涉及ERKs介导的HIF-1α磷酸化。     

地塞米松促进胎儿主动脉血管CD105+间充质干细胞向脂肪细胞分化

目的:研究来自胎儿血管壁内的CD₁₀₅⁺细胞是否具有间充质干细胞的特性,地塞米松是否促进其向脂肪细胞分化。方法:免疫组化检测CD105阳性的细胞在胎儿主动脉分布,分离主动脉血管的成纤维样细胞,流式细胞仪检测细胞免疫表型,并接种在脂肪分化和成骨分化的诱导培养液中培养,油红O和VonKossa染色及透射电镜鉴定脂滴和钙化基质沉淀的形成。结果:CD105阳性的细胞分布在主动脉血管内膜的内皮细胞,部分中膜和外膜。分离到的细胞CD105、CD106、CD29、CD44阳性,CD34、CD31、CD11a、CD11b、HLA-DR为阴性。油红O和VonKossa染色分别显示脂滴和钙化基质形成。电镜下诱导的脂肪细胞胞浆中可见有包膜脂滴,诱导的成骨细胞胞浆内外电子密度高的钙盐沉积。诱导液中无地塞米松,未见含大脂滴的脂肪细胞。结论:分离到主动脉壁CD₁₀₅⁺细胞具有间充质干细胞的特性,并且地塞米松促进其向脂肪细胞分化,提示血管内的细胞可以向脂肪分化可能与动脉粥样硬化的病理发生过程可能相关。     

己酮可可碱对选择性坐骨神经分支损伤大鼠脊髓星形胶质细胞的影响

目的观察己酮可可碱腹腔注射对选择性坐骨神经分支损伤大鼠(SNI)脊髓星形胶质细胞的影响。方法切断腓总神经和胫神经保留腓肠神经,制作坐骨神经分支选择性损伤模型。雄性SD大鼠48只随机分为:假手术组(Sh)、模型组(SNI)、己酮可可碱组(PTX)。PTX组从术前1d起至术后6d连续7d,每日一次腹腔注射己酮可可碱100mg/kg。观察指标包括:术前1d,术后1、3、5、7、14d的机械缩足反射阈值(MWT)和热缩足反射持续时间(TWD);不同组别脊髓星形胶质细胞标志物GFAP在术后1d、3d、7d、14d的表达。结果大鼠坐骨神经选择性切断后1d起MWT降低,TWD延长,与假手术组比差异显著(p<0.05);己酮可可碱腹腔注射抑制MWT降低和TWD延长,与模型组相比差异显著(p<0.05);己酮可可碱腹腔注射可减少部分坐骨神经切断后脊髓GFAP的表达,减少星形胶质细胞阳性细胞数。结论己酮可可碱腹腔注射可抑制SNI脊髓星形胶质细胞的增生,减轻痛觉超敏和痛觉过敏。     

国外乳腺癌病理诊断报告标准化概述及对国内标准化报告的建议

随着乳腺癌治疗方案的不断改进和发展,临床医师对乳腺癌病理诊断报告的内容和标准有了更多和更高的要求.     

幽门螺杆菌疫苗免疫机制的研究进展

幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)是定植于人体胃粘膜的重要致病菌,而粘膜疫苗以其有效的保护性免疫成为防治H.pyiori的热点,但对相应的免疫机制的认识目前尚不明确.故本文对H.pyiori疫苗的保护性免疫机制中的抗原递呈机制,抗体的作用以及TH细胞反应的作用等研究进展做一概要介绍.     

树突状细胞与移植免疫耐受研究进展

诱导供者特异性免疫耐受是最终克服移植排斥提高受者生存质量的有效途径之一。近年随着对树突状细胞发育成熟过程的认识步步深入，树突状细胞在移植排斥和移植耐受平衡中的双向调节作用引入注目。     

综合性医院老年病人抑郁症状的调查分析

目的 :分析综合性医院老年病人的抑郁症状特征及影响因素。方法 :应用中文版流调用抑郁量表 (CES -D) ,调查同济医院住院和门诊的 3 15例老年患者 (年龄≥ 60岁 )。结果 :①在 3 15例老人患者中 ,共有 70例老年患者 (占 2 2 2 % )肯定有抑郁症状 ,5 3例 (16 8% )可能存在抑郁症状 ;②CES -D总分女性组明显高于男性组 (t=2 0 3 2 ,P <0 0 1) ,且教育程度越低抑郁症状越明显 (F =3 75 6,P <0 0 1) ;③CES -D总分的多元逐步回归分析提示所有被调查老人及内科组老人的CES -D总分明显受其教育程度的影响。结论 :在综合性医院对老年病人进行抑郁症状的常规筛查是必要的     

扬子鳄胚胎视网膜发育的免疫组化研究

目的:检测6种激素在孵育第8天至孵出时扬子鳄胚胎视网膜的表达及变化。方法:免疫组织化学方法。结果:(1)生长抑素(SS)在孵育第8～30天有表达,第12天数量最多,30天以后消失;(2)5-羟色胺(5-HT)从孵育第24天开始表达,第30～40天数量最多,孵出时数量减少;(3)转化生长因子β_1(TGFβ_1)从孵育第40天开始表达,孵出时增多;(4)神经丝蛋白(NFP)阳性细胞和纤维在所检测的各个发育阶段均有表达,P53和P物质在各期胚胎视网膜均未检出阳性细胞。结论:视网膜的发育是个渐进的过程,不同激素在扬子鳄胚胎视网膜中的表达规律不同。     

Interstitial mononuclear cell infiltrates in chronic rejection of the kidney and correlation with peripheral blood.

To investigate the characteristics of interstitial inflammatory cells and possible involvement of nudelta T cells, 16 renal allograft biopsies showing chronic rejection were stained by immunohistochemical method and correlated with the data of peripheral blood evaluated by flow cytometry. For immunophenotyping, fresh frozen sections were stained with monoclonal antibodies against CD3, CD4, CD8, CD68, CD56, TCRdelta1 and HLA DR. Paraffin embedded tissue was stained with CD45RO, CD20-Cy and CD68. Nine cases of nonspecific tubulointerstitial change and 4 cases of nonallograft tubulointerstitial nephritis were used as a control. Inflammatory infiltration was present in all cases studied. T cells predominated in the interstitium of chronic rejection and were followed by macrophages and B cells. The degree of interstitial infiltration of frozen section was not accordant with that of paraffin sections. Allografts with nonspecific tubulointerstitial changes or tubulointerstitial nephritis of native kidneys showed similar distribution pattern in terms of type and degree. However, the degree of infiltrate did not give any statistical significance among groups. The CD4/CD8 ratios in interstitial infiltrates were less than 1.0 in 6 cases and was not accordant with those of peripheral blood. Proportion of nudelta T cells increased over 10% in 2 cases in tissue and in 3 cases in peripheral blood. In 3 cases of chronic rejection in which both tissue and blood results were available, there was no concordance of CD4/CD8 or nudeltaT/CD3 between them. Tubular expression of HLA DR was, however, present only in 4 cases of chronic rejection. In conclusion, T lymphocytes were predominant regardless of diagnosis or disease activity. T lymphocyte subset did not give any suggestion as to the diagnosis or disease activity in chronic rejection. Furthermore nudelta T cells had only limited value. Lymphocytic subsets in peripheral blood would not be predictors of tissue destruction in chronic rejection.