福建省乡镇职业卫生发展对策研究与实施效果评价

目的：探讨解决乡镇职业卫生发展的难点。方法：采取行政的干预,社会的参与,制度的建立,“弹性”的管理等对策措施,并通过试点县进行验证。结果：乡镇职业卫生工作全面走向制度化、规范化、法制化的管理轨道。乡镇职业卫生工作得到重视,企业的劳动条伯得到改善,职业危害得到基本控制,企业职业的身心健康得到了保障,乡镇职业卫生服务能力显著提高。结论：本发展对策研究切实可行。     

对未来产时服务模式几个问题的探讨

通过调查产时服务对象的需求 ,围绕二十一世纪产时服务模式的构建 ,在重新认识服务对象方面 ,探讨了在产时服务中引入“以人为本”概念 ;在重新认识产时医疗服务方面 ,探讨了今后产时服务中对环境、信息、情感、技能等方面的要求     

Use of the confocal microscope to determine polyomavirus recombinant capsid-like particle entry into mouse 3T6 cells

The structural protein genes of polyomavirus were expressed in the baculovirus system, and the proteins were found to assemble into capsid-like particles capable of packaging insect cell DNA. Recombinant capsid-like particles could be produced that were composed of the various structural proteins (VP1, VP1/2, VP1/3 and VP1/2 + VP3). Laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to determine if the various capsid-like particles could infect (enter) mouse 3T6 cells. Each of the various capsid-like particles was equally capable of cell entry as determined by indirect immunofluorescence confocal microscopy.     

Taraxacum officinale inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha production from rat astrocytes

Substance P (SP) can stimulate production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) from astrocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of Taraxacum officinale (TO) on the production of TNF-alpha from primary cultures of rat astrocytes. TO (100 and 1000 microg/ml) significantly inhibited the TNF-alpha production by astrocytes stimulated with LPS and SP. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to elevate TNF-alpha production from LPS-stimulated astrocytes while having no effect on astrocytes in the absence of LPS. We therefore examined whether IL-1 mediated inhibition of TNF-alpha production from primary astrocytes by TO. Treatment of TO (100 and 1000 microg/ml) to astrocytes stimulated with both LPS and SP decreased IL-1 production significantly. Moreover, the production of TNF-alpha by LPS and SP in astrocytes was progressively inhibited with increasing amount of IL-1 neutralizing antibody. Our results suggest that TO may inhibit TNF-alpha production by inhibiting IL-1 production and that TO has an antiinflammatory activity in the central nervous system.     

Polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene in patients with cerebral infarction in koreans

The relationship between cerebrovascular disease and an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is still being debated. The frequency of the DD genotype of the ACE gene was significantly higher in subjects with than those without cerebral infarction in Japan. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between ACE gene polymorphism and the development of cerebral infarction in a population from Korea. We examined its possible role as a risk factor in patients with cerebral infarction. The association between ACE gene polymorphism and cerebral infarction was examined in 106 patients with cerebral infarction and 498 controls without cerebral infarction. Frequencies of the genotypes and alleles of the ACE gene were investigated. The ACE genotype was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The frequency of D allele was 37.7% in patients and 39.1% in controls (X ²=0.128, p=0.720). The frequencies of the genotypes of the ACE gene were II:39.6%, ID:45.3%, and DD:15.1% in patients, and II:37.1%, ID:47.6%, and DD:15.3% in controls (X ²=0.127, p=0.721). There was no significant difference in the frequency of the DD genotype of the ACE gene, and we did not find any association between ACE polymorphism and cerebral infarction. These results indicate that ACE polymorphism is not a risk factor for the development of cerebral infarction in a Korean population.     

Neural adaptations to fatigue: implications for muscle strength and training

PURPOSE: This paper investigates the neural mechanisms responsible for the increase in strength that occurs during serial isometric contractions. METHODS: A three-session design was used. Thirteen subjects (N = 13) were asked to perform five maximal isometric elbow extension strength trials to serve as baseline. After a 5-min rest, the subjects were administered a 30-trial fatigue protocol. This process was repeated two more times at 2-wk intervals. Elbow extension torque and surface electromyography (EMG) of the triceps and biceps brachii were monitored concurrently. The criterion measures were elbow extension torque, root-mean-square EMG amplitude, and mean power frequency (MPF). RESULTS: Intraclass reliability ranged from good to excellent. Within each experimental session, the fatigue protocol resulted in a decrease in maximal isometric elbow extension torque as well as biceps and triceps EMG amplitude and MPF (P < 0.05). However, the mean of the 30 trials and the magnitude of the linear decrease in elbow extension torque increased across the three sessions (P < 0.05). Biceps and triceps EMG amplitude increased and MPF decreased as the number of sessions increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the fatigue protocol served as a training stimulus to down regulate motor-unit firing frequency.     

云南省农村艾滋病母婴传播阻断模式及运转机制研究

目的:为探讨提高农村艾滋病母婴传播阻断服务的可及性、可获得性和可接受性策略,制订农村艾滋病母婴传播阻断有效运转机制,增强其可持续性发展。方法:2005~2006年在云南6个县市开展现场研究。结果:农村艾滋病母婴传播阻断管理与服务由政府主导,多部门合作,明确职责,强化管理,综合服务,注重个性,优化氛围,主动参与。将艾滋病母婴传播阻断工作融入常规妇幼卫生与疾病预防控制工作中,并与现行的农村、妇幼卫生政策结合;建立责任制与监督指导评估制度。为H IV感染孕产妇提供保健、抗病毒治疗、住院分娩、儿童保健与追踪等系列服务。全程管理、抗病毒治疗及相关服务由专人负责,孕产妇保健和住院分娩服务开放,由接诊医生和住院医生负责。艾滋病母婴传播率显著下降。结论:农村艾滋病母婴传播阻断管理模式促进了农村预防艾滋病母婴传播的多方参与,运行机制为该项服务的可持续发展提供了保障,服务模式促进了农村孕妇尽早接受艾滋病自愿咨询检测和艾滋病感染孕产妇对母婴阻断服务的可获得性、可及性和可接受性。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定食品中扑草净的残留量

目的:建立了食品中扑草净残留量的气相色谱-质谱测定方法。方法:样品用乙腈提取,经阳离子交换固相萃取柱、石墨化碳黑固相萃取柱、N-丙基乙二氨键合硅胶固相萃取柱净化,以GC-MS选择离子进行定性,外标法定量。结果:该方法在0.01~0.5μg/ml范围内呈线性相关,相关系数为0.999,检出限为0.005 mg/kg,测定低限为0.01 mg/kg。样品的加标回收率为80.4%~105.6%,RSD≤10%。结论:该方法适用范围广,准确、灵敏、可靠。