Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes

The consensus algorithm for the medical management of type 2 diabetes was published in August 2006 with the expectation that it would be updated, based on the availability of new interventions and new evidence to establish their clinical role. The authors continue to endorse the principles used to develop the algorithm and its major features. We are sensitive to the risks of changing the algorithm cavalierly or too frequently, without compelling new information. An update to the consensus algorithm published in January 2008 specifically addressed safety issues surrounding the thiazolidinediones. In this revision, we focus on the new classes of medications that now have more clinical data and experience.     

A diagnostic comparison of panoramic and intraoral radiographs

Objective. This study compared panoramic and intraoral radiographic surveys in the evaluation of specific dental pathoses in Air Force personnel.Study design. The radiographs of 30 subjects were read singly and in various combinations: panoramic survey only; periapicals plus bitewings; panoramic survey plus bitewings; and panoramic survey plus periapicals plus bitewings. Three independent, blinded examiners using standardized viewing conditions assessed the radiographs in random order for the presence of caries, periapical pathoses, bone loss, furcation involvement, impacted/unerupted teeth, internal/external root resorption, and retained roots. The consensus radiographic standard of true pathosis was the simultaneous interpretation by the three examiners of all radiographs for each subject.Results and Conclusions. The panoramic survey by itself was shown to have the lowest correlation with the consensus radiographic standard when basic military trainees with generalized dental pathoses were evaluated. The combination of panoramic survey plus bitewing radiographs exhibited a diagnostic yield for specific pathoses that was comparable to that of panoramic survey plus bitewings plus periapicals.     

In memoriam of Alan H. Adams,DC, MS,MSEd:: Health professions educator and chiropractic research pioneer

In this paper we pay homage to Dr Alan H. Adams, who was born on November 3, 1945, and passed away on December 26, 2020. An early adopter of problem-based learning and evidence-based medicine, he contributed substantially to improving chiropractic education, research, and developing an evidence-based practice mindset for chiropractic practice. People who knew Al best recall that he was a fluent instigator of collaborative relationships, and he inspired and advanced many people in their academic and scientific careers. His curiosity, expertise, and mentorship were appreciated by many people and developed numerous interprofessional collaborations.