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631.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between halitosis, presence of N -benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-naphthylamide (BANA) positive activity (indicative of Treponema denticola , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Tannerella forsythensis ) and periodontal conditions in subjects with mental disabilities.
Materials and methods: The population consisted of 17 Down syndrome (DS), 17 mentally retarded (MR) and 17 mentally healthy subjects (MH) – control group. A portable sulfide monitor was used to measure the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) found in the mouth. Clinical parameters [Plaque Index (PlI), Probing Depth (PD), Bleeding on Probing (BOP)] were obtained from six reference teeth. Subgingival plaque samples for BANA Test were taken from the same six teeth and dorsum of the tongue.
Results: PlI and BOP were higher in DS than in MR and MH, respectively ( P < 0.05). Mean PD was similar between DS and healthy groups but it was higher than the MR group. No significant differences were found among the three groups regarding the presence of BANA positive species, however the VSC levels were significantly lower in DS (97.23 ppb) than in MR (203.23 ppb) and MH individuals (180.53 ppb).
Conclusions: Even though the presence of BANA positive activity was similar among DS, MR and MH subjects, halitosis seemed to be lower in the DS group. 相似文献
Materials and methods: The population consisted of 17 Down syndrome (DS), 17 mentally retarded (MR) and 17 mentally healthy subjects (MH) – control group. A portable sulfide monitor was used to measure the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) found in the mouth. Clinical parameters [Plaque Index (PlI), Probing Depth (PD), Bleeding on Probing (BOP)] were obtained from six reference teeth. Subgingival plaque samples for BANA Test were taken from the same six teeth and dorsum of the tongue.
Results: PlI and BOP were higher in DS than in MR and MH, respectively ( P < 0.05). Mean PD was similar between DS and healthy groups but it was higher than the MR group. No significant differences were found among the three groups regarding the presence of BANA positive species, however the VSC levels were significantly lower in DS (97.23 ppb) than in MR (203.23 ppb) and MH individuals (180.53 ppb).
Conclusions: Even though the presence of BANA positive activity was similar among DS, MR and MH subjects, halitosis seemed to be lower in the DS group. 相似文献
632.
Patients with complaints of halitosis do seek treatment from physicians and dental practitioners, because of the fear that their halitosis may interfere with their social activities. Although the prevalence of halitosis has been reported to be as high as 50%, most physicians and dental practitioners are poorly informed about the causes and treatments of halitosis. In order to care for patients with complaints of halitosis a multidisciplinary team was established at the Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The team included a dental hygienist, an otorhinolaryngologist, and a dentist, who developed a special halitosis programme. One short press release regarding the establishment of the team, was provided to the national press-centre. In the out-patient clinic more than 700 patients were seen by the team. Using a structured questionnaire fed to a PC, patients answered questions regarding complaints about the oral cavity, the upper respiratory tract, the throat, their general health, their cleansing habits of the oral cavity, and prior experiences with general physicians, dental practitioners, and medical specialists. They underwent examinations of the extent of their halitosis, of the perioral and neck region, the oral cavity, the upper respiratory tract, and the upper digestive tract. Finally, the members of the team came to a joint diagnosis and a joint treatment plan for every individual patient. Of the first 700 consecutive patients 57% were women. More than 80% were between 20 and 59 years old. One-third reported that they were never having breakfast or ate only soft food in the morning. Only 2% were diagnosed as having chronic sinusitis, 11% as having pharyngitis, 3% as having laryngitis, and 3% as having tonsillitis. 相似文献
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SL Able RL Fish H Bye L Booth YR Logan C Nathaniel P Hayter SD Katugampola 《British journal of pharmacology》2011,162(2):405-414
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
The P2X7 receptor is implicated in inflammation and pain and is therefore a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Here, the development of a native tissue radioligand binding, localization and ex vivo occupancy assay for centrally penetrant P2X7 receptor antagonists is described.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
Autoradiography studies using the P2X7 antagonist radioligand [3H]-A-804598 were carried out in rat brain and spinal cord. Subsequent in vitro binding and ex vivo occupancy assays were performed using rat cortex homogenate.KEY RESULTS
P2X7 expression was shown to be widespread throughout the rat brain, and in the grey matter of the spinal cord. In binding assays in rat cortex homogenate, ∼60% specific binding was achieved at equilibrium. In kinetic binding assays, kon and koff values of 0.0021·min−1·nM−1 and 0.0070·min−1 were determined, and the Kd derived from kinetic measurements was consistent with that derived from saturation analysis. Novel P2X7 antagonists inhibited the binding of [3H]-A-804598 to rat cortex P2X7 receptors with Ki values of <40 nM. In an ex vivo occupancy assay, a P2X7 antagonist dosed orally to rats caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of the specific binding of [3H]-A-804598 to rat cortex.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
The present study describes the development of an assay that allows localization of P2X7 receptors, the measurement of the binding affinity of P2X7 receptor antagonists in native tissue, and provides a means of determining central P2X7 receptor occupancy. These assays could form an important part of a P2X7 drug discovery programme. 相似文献637.
638.
The global prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rising, along with the epidemic of diabesity. NAFLD is present in >70% of individuals with type 2 diabetes. Although the mutually detrimental relationship between NAFLD and type 2 diabetes has been well established, a multitude of recent studies have further shown that type 2 diabetes is closely linked to the development of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver‐related morbidity and mortality. In contrast, NAFLD also negatively impacts type 2 diabetes both in terms of its incidence and related adverse clinical outcomes, including cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases. In response to these global health threats, clinical care pathways for NAFLD and guidelines for metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease have been developed. Several antidiabetic agents have been evaluated for their potential hepatic benefits with promising results. Furthermore, type 2 diabetes patients are increasingly represented in clinical trials of novel therapeutics for NAFLD. However, despite the wealth of knowledge in NAFLD and type 2 diabetes, lack of awareness of the disease and the potential weight of this problem remains a major challenge, especially among clinicians who are outside the field of hepatology and gastroenterology. This review therefore aimed to provide all diabetes care providers with a summary of the latest evidence that supports NAFLD as an emerging diabetic complication of increasing importance, and to present the current recommendations, focusing on the assessment and therapeutic strategies, on the management of NAFLD among type 2 diabetes patients. 相似文献
639.
Itziar Mendez-Pinto RN MSN PhD student Maria Antuña-Casal RN MSN PhD student Maria-Pilar Mosteiro-Diaz RN PhD SL 《International journal of mental health nursing》2023,32(2):479-489
The COVID-19 pandemic had a notable impact on the psychological well-being of a large part of the population, putting them at risk of developing depressive symptoms, different levels of anxiety disorders, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). One group considered to be at high risk are Nursing students; they were affected as learning strategies changed and clinical practices were cancelled. This study attempts to assess the psychological impact COVID-19 pandemic had on Nursing students and to explore the sociodemographic differences that can be risk factors for mental health disturbance. The psychological impact was evaluated using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The study took place 4 months after the state of alarm was declared over in Spain. From a total sample of 304 Nursing students, 26.7%, 39.8%, and 15.5% showed PTSD, anxiety, and depression symptoms, respectively. Severe levels of psychological impact have been associated with being a female, a smoker, and feeling fear and stress. Having a relative test positive has been linked to lower anxiety levels while being afraid or stressed to higher anxiety levels. Being a female, co-habit with friends and feeling stress have been associated with higher depression levels. 相似文献
640.
Fabian SL Yii 《Ophthalmic & physiological optics》2023,43(6):1412-1418