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101.
Treatment outcomes in an integrated civilian and prison MDR-TB treatment program in Russia. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
S S Shin A D Pasechnikov I Y Gelmanova G G Peremitin A K Strelis S Mishustin A Barnashov Y Karpeichik Y G Andreev V T Golubchikova T P Tonkel G V Yanova M Nikiforov A Yedilbayev J S Mukherjee J J Furin D J Barry P E Farmer M L Rich S Keshavjee 《The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease》2006,10(4):402-408
SETTING: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major problem in countries of the former Soviet Union in both the civilian and prison sectors. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate outcomes of the MDR-TB treatment program (DOTS-Plus) in Tomsk, Russia. DESIGN: Retrospective case series of all patients enrolled in this program between 10 September 2000 and 10 September 2002. The program involves both the civilian and penitentiary TB services in Tomsk. Poor treatment outcome was defined as death, default and treatment failure. RESULTS: Among the 244 patients who received treatment, 77% were cured, 5% died, 7% failed, and 12% defaulted. In a multivariable analysis, alcohol consumption during treatment and the presence of both cavitary and bilateral disease were found to be the strongest predictors of poor treatment outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The integration of civilian and penitentiary TB services in the Tomsk MDR-TB treatment program has resulted in high cure rates and low rates of default. However, alcohol use among patients with MDR-TB is associated with poor treatment outcomes. Better understanding and programmatic alcohol interventions are needed if large-scale treatment of MDR-TB is to be successful in areas with high rates of alcohol use disorders. 相似文献
102.
Chandra C. Ghosh Sascha David Ruyang Zhang Anthony Berghelli Katelyn Milam Sarah J. Higgins Jon Hunter Aditi Mukherjee Yongyue Wei Mei Tran Freeman Suber Lester Kobzik Kevin C. Kain Shulin Lu Ansgar Santel Kiichiro Yano Prajna Guha Daniel J. Dumont David C. Christiani Samir M. Parikh 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2016,113(9):2472-2477
Ligands of the endothelial-enriched tunica interna endothelial cell kinase 2 (Tie2) are markedly imbalanced in severe infections associated with vascular leakage, yet regulation of the receptor itself has been understudied in this context. Here, we show that TIE2 gene expression may constitute a novel vascular barrier control mechanism in diverse infections. Tie2 expression declined rapidly in wide-ranging models of leak-associated infections, including anthrax, influenza, malaria, and sepsis. Forced Tie2 suppression sufficed to attenuate barrier function and sensitize endothelium to permeability mediators. Rapid reduction of pulmonary Tie2 in otherwise healthy animals attenuated downstream kinase signaling to the barrier effector vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin and induced vascular leakage. Compared with wild-type littermates, mice possessing one allele of Tie2 suffered more severe vascular leakage and higher mortality in two different sepsis models. Common genetic variants that influence TIE2 expression were then sought in the HapMap3 cohort. Remarkably, each of the three strongest predicted cis-acting SNPs in HapMap3 was also associated with the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in an intensive care unit cohort of 1,614 subjects. The haplotype associated with the highest TIE2 expression conferred a 28% reduction in the risk of ARDS independent of other major clinical variables, including disease severity. In contrast, the most common haplotype was associated with both the lowest TIE2 expression and 31% higher ARDS risk. Together, the results implicate common genetic variation at the TIE2 locus as a determinant of vascular leak-related clinical outcomes from common infections, suggesting new tools to identify individuals at unusual risk for deleterious complications of infection.Among vascular-enriched receptor tyrosine kinases, Tie2 is unusual in at least two functional aspects. First, Tie2 phosphorylation is tightly controlled by the interplay of several proteins: a paralogous receptor, Tie1; a tyrosine phosphatase, vascular endothelial-protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP); and two secreted ligands, angiopoietin (Angpt)-1 and Angpt-2, the latter of which can act as an agonist, partial agonist, or antagonist depending upon context (1–6). Second, unlike classic growth factor receptors, Tie2 is heavily expressed and phosphorylated throughout the quiescent adult vasculature (7), suggesting that Tie2 signaling has one or more roles in vascular maintenance.Based largely on Angpt-1 overexpression studies, Tie2 has been implicated in vascular barrier defense (8, 9). However, adult-specific deletion of Angpt-1 does not appear to trigger vascular leakage (10). Moreover, Angpt-1 has repeatedly been ascribed functions that are independent of Tie2 (11–13). Finally, observational studies in humans suffering clinical manifestations of vascular leakage have consistently shown a marked imbalance in Tie2 ligands tilting in favor of Angpt-2 (reviewed in 14). Although decreased Tie2 activity has been inferred from these reports, the role of TIE2 gene expression has not been directly queried experimentally or in clinical settings.This question is important not only for understanding control mechanisms of the circulatory system but also to guide the development of strategies to predict, stratify, and treat patients affected by acute vascular leakage. If tonic Tie2 signaling is indeed necessary for vascular barrier maintenance, then reducing the pool of receptors could constitute a ligand-independent means to attenuate barrier-protective signaling in the endothelium. We therefore hypothesized that the level of Tie2 expression modulates the sensitivity of blood vessels, and thereby the entire organism, to noxious stimuli. Cellular, rodent, and human genetics studies were undertaken to test this concept. 相似文献
103.
Real‐time in vivo periprostatic nerve tracking using multiphoton microscopy in a rat survival surgery model: a promising pre‐clinical study for enhanced nerve‐sparing surgery 下载免费PDF全文
104.
Shelf-price agreements: the next frontier in competitive bidding for coronary intervention supplies.
Robert K Keast Kim A Eagle Julie Goldstein-Dunn Douglas Cox Catherine Gage Michalak Stanley Chetcuti P Michael Grossman Debabrata Mukherjee Linda R Larin Stephen Fetyko T Anthony Denton Mauro Moscucci 《The Journal of cardiovascular management》2005,16(3):27-30
In an attempt to further reduce operating costs, in 2004 our institution embarked on a novel approach in which we defined the price to be paid for interventional cardiology supplies and challenged vendors to meet that price. The results suggest that this strategy can further reduce supply costs while maintaining collaborative relationships with vendors. 相似文献
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Dinesh Raj Rakesh Lodha Aparna Mukherjee Tavpritesh Sethi Anurag Agrawal Sushil Kumar Kabra 《Indian pediatrics》2014,51(2):105-111