全文获取类型
收费全文 | 24494篇 |
免费 | 1577篇 |
国内免费 | 176篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 235篇 |
儿科学 | 529篇 |
妇产科学 | 467篇 |
基础医学 | 3661篇 |
口腔科学 | 259篇 |
临床医学 | 2330篇 |
内科学 | 6145篇 |
皮肤病学 | 364篇 |
神经病学 | 2121篇 |
特种医学 | 1071篇 |
外国民族医学 | 8篇 |
外科学 | 4217篇 |
综合类 | 69篇 |
一般理论 | 4篇 |
预防医学 | 1348篇 |
眼科学 | 211篇 |
药学 | 1352篇 |
中国医学 | 41篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1815篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 135篇 |
2022年 | 220篇 |
2021年 | 607篇 |
2020年 | 364篇 |
2019年 | 585篇 |
2018年 | 690篇 |
2017年 | 465篇 |
2016年 | 560篇 |
2015年 | 712篇 |
2014年 | 938篇 |
2013年 | 1205篇 |
2012年 | 1914篇 |
2011年 | 1893篇 |
2010年 | 1093篇 |
2009年 | 1102篇 |
2008年 | 1681篇 |
2007年 | 1700篇 |
2006年 | 1659篇 |
2005年 | 1705篇 |
2004年 | 1572篇 |
2003年 | 1481篇 |
2002年 | 1390篇 |
2001年 | 204篇 |
2000年 | 151篇 |
1999年 | 218篇 |
1998年 | 266篇 |
1997年 | 233篇 |
1996年 | 190篇 |
1995年 | 159篇 |
1994年 | 116篇 |
1993年 | 142篇 |
1992年 | 106篇 |
1991年 | 80篇 |
1990年 | 78篇 |
1989年 | 52篇 |
1988年 | 57篇 |
1987年 | 40篇 |
1986年 | 50篇 |
1985年 | 44篇 |
1984年 | 38篇 |
1983年 | 49篇 |
1982年 | 41篇 |
1981年 | 48篇 |
1980年 | 37篇 |
1979年 | 21篇 |
1978年 | 16篇 |
1977年 | 15篇 |
1976年 | 14篇 |
1975年 | 18篇 |
1972年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Anne-Sophie Schneck Antonio Iannelli Stéphanie Patouraux Déborah Rousseau Stéphanie Bonnafous Beatrice Bailly-Maitre Ophélia Le Thuc Carole Rovere Patricia Panaia-Ferrari Rodolphe Anty Albert Tran Philippe Gual Jean Gugenheim 《Surgical endoscopy》2014,28(2):592-602
Background
Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has become a popular bariatric procedure. The mechanisms responsible for weight loss and improvement of metabolic disturbances have still not been completely elucidated. We investigated the effect of SG on body weight, adipose tissue depots, glucose tolerance, and liver steatosis independent of reduced caloric intake in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice.Methods
C57BI/6 J mice fed a high fat diet (45 %) for 33 weeks were divided into three groups: sleeve gastrectomy (SG, 13 mice), sham-operated ad libitum fed (SALF, 13 mice) and sham-operated pair fed (PFS, 13 mice). The animals were humanely killed 23 days after surgery.Results
In SG mice, food intake was reduced transiently, but weight loss was significant and persistent compared to controls (SG vs. PFS, P < 0.05; PFS vs. SALF, P < 0.05). SG mice showed improved glucose tolerance and lower levels of liver steatosis compared with controls (area under the curve, SG vs. PFS, P < 0.01; PFS vs. SALF, P < 0.05) (liver steatosis, SG vs. PFS, P < 0.05; PFS vs. SALF, P < 0.01). This was associated with a decrease in the ratios of the weight of pancreas, epididymal and inguinal adipose tissues to body weight, and an increase in the ratio of brown adipose tissue weight to body weight. Epididymal adipose tissue was also infiltrated by fewer activated T cells and by more anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells. Serum levels of fasting acyl ghrelin were still significantly decreased 3 weeks after surgery in SG mice compared to PFS mice (P < 0.05).Conclusions
Reduced white adipose tissue inflammation, modification of adipose tissue development (brown vs. white adipose tissue), and ectopic fat are potential mechanisms that may account for the reduced caloric intake independent effects of SG. 相似文献992.
Marleny N. Figueiredo Léon Maggiori Sébastien Gaujoux Anne Couvelard Nathalie Guedj Philippe Ruszniewski Yves Panis 《Surgical endoscopy》2014,28(5):1720-1726
Background
Surgery of small-bowel neuroendocrine (SBNE) tumors is demanding because of the need for associated extensive node dissection and assessment of possible synchronous lesions. For this reason, possible benefit of laparoscopy in SBNE tumors has not been reported to date.Methods
From 1996, all patients operated on in Beaujon Hospital for SBNE tumors were retrospectively extracted from a prospectively maintained database of intestinal resections.Results
Overall, 73 patients [55 % males, median age 55 years (range 27–79)] underwent small bowel resection (n = 38; 54 %), ileocolectomy (n = 25; 36 %), or both (n = 7; 10 %). In 18 patients, resection of synchronous liver metastasis was performed simultaneously. Resection was performed laparoscopically in 12 patients (16 %). Resection was R0 in 40 patients (55 %), R1 in 1 patient (1 %), and R2 in 32 patients (44 %) because of unresectable liver metastases (n = 29), nodal involvement (n = 1), or both (n = 2). Laparoscopy was associated with similar R0 (p = 0.06) and morbidity (p = 0.95) rates, but a shorter hospital stay (p = 0.003) compared with laparotomy. Median follow-up was 39 months. Progression-free survival (PFS) at 1, 3, and 5 years were 95, 83 and 75 %, respectively, for R0 patients without liver metastasis; 92, 83, and 57 %, respectively, for R0 patients with resected liver metastasis; and 82, 58 and 30 %, respectively, for R2 patients (p = 0.045). Overall survival and PFS did not show any difference when comparing the laparoscopic and open groups.Conclusion
Complete resection of primary SBNE tumors with or without liver metastasis is associated with good long-term survival. In selected patients, laparoscopy for SBNE tumors is feasible and associated with a shorter hospital stay than laparotomy. 相似文献993.
Pierre Bourgoin Aicha Merouani Véronique Phan Catherine Litalien Michel Lallier Fernando Alvarez Philippe Jouvet 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》2014,29(5):901-908
Background
Supportive care as a bridge to transplant or recovery remains challenging in children suffering from acute liver failure (ALF). We report our experience in children using the Molecular Absorbent Recirculating System (MARS®).Methods
Retrospective data from children receiving therapy using MARS® from October 2009 to October 2012 were included in this single-center retrospective study. Patient characteristics, clinical presentation and complications of ALF, clinical and biological data before and after each MARS® session, technical modalities and adverse events were recorded.Results
A total of six children underwent 17 MARS® sessions during the study period. Two adolescents were treated with the adult filter MARSFLUX® and four infants were treated with the MiniMARS® filter. The mean PEdiatric Logistic Dysfunction (PELOD) score at admission was 19 (range 11–33). All patients were mechanically ventilated, and four had acute kidney injury. The neurological course improved in one case, judged as stable in two cases and worsened in one case; data were unavailable in two cases. Mean serum ammonia levels decreased significantly following treatment with MARS® from an initial 89?±?29 to 58?±?35 mcmol/L (p?=?0.02). No other significant biological improvement was observed. Hemodynamic status improved/remained unchanged in the adolescent group, but in the infants four of the seven sessions were poorly tolerated and two sessions were aborted. Three patients died, two were successfully transplanted and one recovered without transplantation.Conclusion
In our experience, treatment with MARS® is associated with encouraging results in adolescents, but it needs modification for very sick infants to improve tolerance. 相似文献994.
Philippe Morel Yannick D. Muller Sophie Borot Lionel Badet Christian Toso Domenico Bosco Thierry Berney 《Transplant international》2014,27(9):949-955
Islet grafts isolated from young donors allow superior functional outcomes but are often associated with poor islet isolation yields. The objective of this study was to comparatively analyze the outcomes of islet isolation between young and older donors. We retrospectively analyzed 564 pancreas isolations performed at our institution. Isolation outcomes were compared between donors aged ≤20 years (n = 42, YD) and >20 years (n = 522, OD). Isolation procedure was identical in both groups. Prepurification percentage of embedded islets was higher in YD (44.3 ± 22.7% vs. 24.9 ± 20.9%, P < 0.001). This led to a lower recovery rate in YD (48% vs. 76%, P = 0.002) and hence lower postpurification IEQ/g pancreas in YD (2 412 ± 1 789 IEQ/g vs. 3 194 ± 1 892 IEQ/g, P = 0.01). Final yield was 180 982 ± 128 073 IEQ in YD and 244 167 ± 134 137 IEQ in OD, (P = 0.006). In vitro function was markedly, albeit nonsignificantly, higher in YD (SI: 4.5 ± 5.1 vs. 3.0 ± 5.7, P = 0.350). Proportion of transplanted preparations was similar in both groups, 38% (16/42) in YD vs. 43% (224/522) in OD, P = 0.628. In spite of isolation and purification difficulties, pancreases from young donors allowed similar islet transplantation rates as older donors. Efforts should be directed at improving islet extraction in these donors to realize their full potential for islet transplantation. 相似文献
995.
Differential impairments underlying decision making in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: A cognitive modeling analysis
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《The International journal of eating disorders》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
996.
Ahmadou M Jingi Jean Jacques N Noubiap Edvine Wawo Yonta Philippe Kamdem Jo?l Marie Obama Samuel Kingue 《Archives of Public Health》2014,72(1):26
Background
Cardiovascular disease is a growing public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Cough and dyspnea are symptoms of both lung diseases and heart failure. This study aimed at determining the contribution of cardiac diseases versus pulmonary diseases in the etiological profile of patients presenting with cough and dyspnea in a Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis (CDT), in a semi-rural area in Cameroon.Methods
This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from patients aged 18 years or more who consulted for cough and or dyspnea between December 2009 and December 2010 at the CDT of Lafe-Baleng, Bafoussam, Cameroon.Results
A total of 1196 patients were received for various complaints during the study period; 348 (29.1%) of them presented with cough and or dyspnea, and were included in the study. 186 patients (53.4%; 95% CI: 48.2-58.6) had a pure cardiac disease, while 122 patients (35.1%; 95% CI: 30.2-40.2) had a pulmonary disease. The prevalence of hypertension was 50.9%, and hypertensive heart disease was the most frequent cardiac disease with a prevalence rate of 37.6%. Heart failure was diagnosed in 222 patients, representing 63.8% (95% CI: 58.9-68.9) of patients with cough and or dyspnea, and 18.6% (95% CI: 16.5-21.0) of all the patients received at the CDT of Lafe-Baleng during the study period. Compared to patients with a pulmonary disease, patients with cardiac disease were older (p < 0.001) and more likely to present with dyspnea (p < 0.001) and to have hypertension (p < 0.001).Conclusion
We found a high prevalence of heart failure in this Centre for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis thus, a veritable dragnet for patients with heart disease. Our findings emphasize the urgent need to increase the access to cardiovascular care and to continuously raise the awareness of the communities on cardiovascular diseases in Cameroon. 相似文献997.
Sophie Wylomanski Réjane Bouquin Henri-Jean Philippe Yves Poulin Matthieu Hanf Brigitte Dréno Roman Rouzier Gaëlle Quéreux 《Quality of life research》2014,23(7):2079-2087
Introduction
Few validated questionnaires are available in French to assess sexual function. The aim of this study was thus to validate a French version of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) in a sample of French women.Methods
In this prospective monocentric and cross-sectional study, an already existing French version of the FSFI, was back-translated and compared to the original version. It was then randomly distributed to 800 women attending Gynecology consultation at Nantes University Hospital in April 2012. Various statistical analyzes were used to test the psychometric properties of the French FSFI.Results
512 questionnaires were completed. Mean FSFI summary score was 25.2. Intraclass correlation coefficients were superior to 0.75 and Cronbach’s coefficients superior to 0.8 similarly to the original version. Variance analysis revealed significant differences in summary score between premenopausal and postmenopausal women and according to the marital status. Convergent validity was excellent (100 %) and discriminant validity was satisfactory (89.5 %). The factorial structure corresponded to the original version with six retrieved dimensions.Conclusions
Our study demonstrated similar or adequate psychometric properties of the French version of the FSFI compared to the original English version. 相似文献998.
999.
Michael F. T. Koehler Philippe Bergeron Edna F. Choo Kevin Lau Chudi Ndubaku Danette Dudley Paul Gibbons Brad E. Sleebs Carl S. Rye George Nikolakopoulos Chinh Bui Sanji Kulasegaram Wilhelmus J. A. Kersten BrianJ. Smith Peter E. Czabotar Peter M. Colman DavidC. S. Huang Jonathan B. Baell Keith G. Watson Lisa Hasvold Zhi-Fu Tao Le Wang AndrewJ. Souers Steven W. Elmore John A. Flygare Wayne J. Fairbrother Guillaume Lessene 《ACS medicinal chemistry letters》2014,5(6):662-667
1000.
The natural food contaminants, mycotoxins, are regarded as an important risk factor for human and animal health, as up to 25% of the world’s crop production may be contaminated. The Fusarium genus produces large quantities of fusariotoxins, among which the trichothecenes are considered as a ubiquitous problem worldwide. The gastrointestinal tract is the first physiological barrier against food contaminants, as well as the first target for these toxicants. An increasing number of studies suggest that intestinal epithelial cells are targets for deoxynivalenol (DON) and other Type B trichothecenes (TCTB). In humans, various adverse digestive symptoms are observed on acute exposure, and in animals, these toxins induce pathological lesions, including necrosis of the intestinal epithelium. They affect the integrity of the intestinal epithelium through alterations in cell morphology and differentiation and in the barrier function. Moreover, DON and TCTB modulate the activity of intestinal epithelium in its role in immune responsiveness. TCTB affect cytokine production by intestinal or immune cells and are supposed to interfere with the cross-talk between epithelial cells and other intestinal immune cells. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the effects of DON and other TCTB on the intestine. 相似文献