Quality of oral anticoagulation control in Chinese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a prospective controlled study

Abstract

Objective

The sex, age, medical history, treatment, tobacco use, race risk (SAMe-TT₂R₂) Score; the sex, age, medical history, treatment, tobacco use, genotype combination (SAMe-TT₂G₂) Score; and the so-called modified SAMe-TT₂R₂ scores have been proposed to predict the anticoagulation quality for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). The data from a prospective controlled study is used to validate the SAMe-TT₂R₂ and SAMe-TT₂G₂ scores in Chinese NVAF patients treated with warfarin and to evaluate the association of factors with time in therapeutic range (TTR) to predict the quality of oral anticoagulation control.     

维生素D在孤独症谱系障碍中作用的研究进展

孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是影响儿童健康的严重公共问题之一,以社交沟通障碍、兴趣或活动范围狭窄以及重复刻板行为为特征。近年来越来越多的研究显示,ASD患儿维生素D(VitD)水平明显低于同龄健康儿童,VitD缺乏可能与ASD的发病机制相关。本文就VitD与ASD的相关研究进行综述。     

Use of a dual lumen port for automated red cell exchange in adults with sickle cell disease

Red cell exchange (RCE) is a common procedure in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD). Implantable dual lumen Vortex (DLV) ports can be used for RCE in patients with poor peripheral venous access. We performed a retrospective cohort study of RCE procedures performed in adults with SCD. The main objective of the study was to compare the inlet speed, duration of procedures and rate of complications performed through DLV ports to those performed through temporary central venous and peripheral catheters. Twenty‐nine adults with SCD underwent a total of 318 RCE procedures. Twenty adults had DLV ports placed and 218 procedures were performed using DLV ports. Mean length of follow‐up after DLV port placement was 397 ± 263 days. Six DLV ports were removed due to infection and 1 for malfunction after a mean of 171 ± 120 days. Compared to temporary central venous and peripheral catheters, DLV port procedures had a greater rate of procedural complications, a longer duration, and a lower inlet speed (all P < 0.01). When accounting for the maximum allowable inlet speed to avoid citrate toxicity, 40% of DLV port procedures were greater than 10% below maximum speed, compared to 7 and 14% of procedures performed through temporary central venous and peripheral catheters (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, DLV ports can be used for RCE in adults with SCD, albeit with more procedural complications and longer duration. The smaller internal diameter and longer catheter of DLV ports compared to temporary central venous catheters likely accounts for the differences noted. J. Clin. Apheresis 30:353–358, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Severe lumbar spinal stenosis combined with Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case report

BACKGROUNDGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare disorder that typically presents with ascending weakness, pain, paraesthesias, and numbness, which mimic the findings in lumbar spinal stenosis. Here, we report a case of severe lumbar spinal stenosis combined with GBS.CASE SUMMARYA 70-year-old man with a history of lumbar spinal stenosis presented to our emergency department with severe lower back pain and lower extremity numbness. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis of severe lumbar spinal stenosis. However, his symptoms did not improve postoperatively and he developed dysphagia and upper extremity numbness. An electromyogram was performed. Based on his symptoms, physical examination, and electromyogram, he was diagnosed with GBS. After 5 d of intravenous immunoglobulin (0.4 g/kg/d for 5 d) therapy, he gained 4/5 of strength in his upper and lower extremities and denied paraesthesias. He had regained 5/5 of strength in his extremities when he was discharged and had no symptoms during follow-up.CONCLUSIONGBS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spinal disorder, even though magnetic resonance imaging shows severe lumbar spinal stenosis. This case highlights the importance of a careful diagnosis when a patient has a history of a disease and comes to the hospital with the same or similar symptoms.     

血清胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白联合检测在人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者肾功能损伤检测中的应用价值

目的评估血肌酐和尿常规的常规检测基础上联合血清胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白检测在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者肾功能损伤检测中的应用价值。 方法以2019年2～5月于首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院感染一科住院的169例HIV感染者为研究对象，完善其尿常规、尿微量白蛋白、血肌酐、血清胱抑素C检测；分析尿蛋白及尿微量白蛋白的阳性检出率及其差异，血肌酐升高及血清胱抑素C升高的比例及其差异。计算应用替诺福韦酯（TDF）及合并丙型肝炎、高血压、糖尿病、肿瘤的肾功能损伤的相对危险度。 结果169例HIV感染者中尿常规示尿蛋白阳性者5例（3.0%），尿微量白蛋白升高者17例（10.1%），两者阳性检出率差异具有统计学意义（χ² = 5.9、P = 0.007）。血肌酐升高者10例（5.9%），血清胱抑素C升高者20例（11.8%），两者阳性检出率差异具有统计学意义（χ² = 3.0、P = 0.042）。在尿常规和血肌酐检测的基础上联合检测尿微量白蛋白和血清胱抑素C的总体阳性检出率为49例（30.0%）。CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞计数< 200个/μl与≥ 200个/μl组患者血清胱抑素C水平分别为0.94（0.83，1.05）mg/L、0.85（0.77，0.95）mg/L，差异具有统计学意义（Z =-3.02、P = 0.003）。应用TDF及合并丙型肝炎、高血压、糖尿病、肿瘤的肾功能损伤的相对危险度分别为1.1、1.5、1.9、2.2和1.4。 结论HIV感染者中，单纯以尿常规为依据评估有无蛋白尿，以血肌酐水平为依据评估肾小球滤过功能会低估肾功能损伤的患病率。在常规检测血肌酐和尿常规的基础上联合检测血清胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白在提高HIV感染者肾功能损伤检出率方面具有重要的应用价值。低CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞计数、应用TDF及合并丙型肝炎、高血压、糖尿病、肿瘤均为肾功能损伤的危险因素。     

中国X连锁视网膜色素变性家系RPGR新突变

目的 检测分析被诊断为X连锁视网膜色素变性（XLRP）的三个中国家系内的基因突变。设计 基因研究。研究对象 三个中国XLRP家系共27位受试者（其中18人为男性）。方法 由同一医生收集家系成员的详细临床资料并进行眼部检查，采集三个家系的先证者及有条件采血者的外周静脉血，提取基因组DNA。应用PCR技术扩增RPGR和RP2基因的全部外显子和内含子交界区序列，包括RPGR基因15号外显子开放阅读框，产物直接测序进行突变分析。主要指标 临床特征及基因测序结果。结果 基因筛查证实了两个RPGR基因的新型无义突变(c.1541C>G;p.S514X 和 c.2833G>T;p.E945X) 及一个错义突变(c.607G>C;p.A203P)。基因型-表型的相关性分析表明家系3患者在接近ORF15下游位置存在突变，这种突变导致视锥细胞功能的早期丧失。ORF15无义突变的女性携带者临床表型重，呈现出部分显性遗传的特点。结论 本研究证实了三种RPGR基因的新型突变，这一结果扩展了RPGR的突变谱及表型谱。     

解剖锁定钢板联合同种异体腓骨治疗肱骨近端骨折疗效的Meta分析

文题释义：肱骨近端骨折：肱骨近端包括肱骨头及大结节、小结节，中老年人骨质疏松及低能量损伤可导致肱骨近端骨折。 同种异体腓骨：取自于人体异体，经过加工处理，去除其免疫原性，保留其骨性结构，可用于移植修复骨缺损，起到支撑作用。 背景：肱骨近端骨折是临床常见骨折，但对肱骨近端内侧柱缺乏支撑的骨折目前仍是治疗难点，并发症常见，失败率较高。 目的：比较解剖锁定钢板联合同种异体腓骨与单纯解剖锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的疗效。 方法：使用计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Google Scholar、中国知网、万方、维普数据库，检索时间均从建库到2020年2月。检索国内外关于对比研究解剖锁定钢板联合同种异体腓骨与单纯解剖锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折疗效的文献。2名研究员根据纳入和排除标准分别独立筛选文献，提取数据，评估文献中的偏倚风险。纳入12篇相关文献使用RevMan 5.2软件将以下指标进行Meta分析，包括影像学数据、功能评分和并发症。结果与结论：①通过文献检索、根据纳入和排除标准，12篇文献纳入研究，其中11篇为回顾性队列研究，1篇为随机对照研究；纳入研究文献质量高，但GRADE证据质量级别较低。②共纳入958例患者，其中解剖锁定钢板联合同种异体腓骨组411例，单纯解剖锁定钢板组547例；③Meta分析结果显示，解剖锁定钢板联合同种异体腓骨组术后1年肱骨头高度差值(MD=-2.40，95%CI：-2.49至-2.31)、颈干角差值(MD= -6.14，95%CI：-6.62至-5.67)、目测类比评分(MD=-0.22，95%CI：-0.35至-0.08)、肩关节功能评分(MD=4.12，95%CI：2.18-6.06)，上肢伤残评分(MD=-10.32，95%CI：-13.44至-7.19)、术后2年的目测类比评分(MD=-0.37，95%CI：-0.55至-0.19)、肩关节功能评分(MD=5.07，95%CI：2.86-7.27)、总体并发症(OR=0.31，95%CI：0.20-0.48)及肱骨头螺钉切出(OR=0.25，95%CI：0.11-0.55)均明显优于单纯解剖锁定钢板组(P < 0.05)，肱骨头坏死(OR=0.94，95%CI：0.47-1.88)，两组间差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；④因此，较弱的证据提示，肱骨近端解剖锁定钢板联合同种异体腓骨治疗肱骨近端骨折的短期疗效优于解剖锁定钢板，可减少并发症的发生，促进功能恢复。ORCID: 0000-0002-8486-3932(阳运康) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程