人心律失常相关基因Kv1.5和Kv4.2在蟾蜍卵母细胞上的表达(英文)

本文采用基因克隆、膜片钳和微注射技术,分别将人的心律失常相关基因Ｋｖ１.５和Ｋｖ４．２ｃＤＮＡ转录入ｃＲＮＡ,将Ｋｖ１．５ｃＲＮＡ和Ｋｖ４．２ｃＲＮＡ分别注射蟾蜍卵母细胞（Ｘｅｎｏｐｕｓｏｏｃｙｔｅｓ）,分别在蟾蜍孵母细胞上获得纯净、单一的超速延迟性整流钾电流（I(Ｋｕｒ),ｕｌｔｒａｒａｐｉｄｄｅｌａｙｅｄｒｅｃｔｉｆｉｅｒＫ＋　ｃｕｒｒｓｅｎｔ）和瞬时外向钾电流（Ｉ(ｔｏ),ｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔ　ｏｕｔｗａｒｄＫ＋　ｃｕｒｒｅｎｔ）表达,克服以往在筛选评价抗心律失常药物时,人新鲜心肌细胞取材困难,以及多种电流在细胞膜上共同表达等缺点,从而建立筛选评价Ⅲ类抗心律失常药物的先进药理模型。     

Panel dicussion: The management of advanced laryngotracheal stenosis. Use of the hyoid graft for treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis

The most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis is trauma. The stenotic area may involve the larynx, subglottis, or trachea. A hyoid bone graft has been used in 22 cases for reconstruction of the stenotic area. The hyoid graft may be used with other concomitant laryngeal procedures. A vascularized sternohyoid — hyoid graft has been used in some cases. Of the 22 cases all but 3 have been successful. The advantages of the hyoid graft are:

• 1 Firm graft to maintain the architecture of the lumen.
• 2 Accessibility in the same operating field.
• 3 Patient's own graft material decreases immune rejection possibility.
• 4 The vascularized pedicle graft decreases possibility of hyoid resorption.

     

High resolution computed tomography in the staging of carcinoma of the larynx

The normal anatomy of the larynx as displayed on computed tomography is illustrated. Pathological alterations in patients with carcinoma of the larynx are depicted and discussed. Computed tomography (CT) is recommended as the initial radiological procedure when additional diagnostic information is required to supplement the findings of laryngoscopy. CT provides information regarding deep penetration of tumor, including cartilaginous invasion, and about the inferior extension of neoplasm, including the subglottic area. This knowledge helps to determine whether conservation surgery as opposed to total laryn-gectomy is possible.     

The effects of prior exposure to bleomycin on the incidence of pulmonary toxicities in a group of patients with disseminated testicular carcinomas

The incidence of pulmonary toxicities in 12 patients with prior exposure to bleomycin (BLM) was compared to the incidence of pulmonary toxicities in a matched group of 73 patients with stage III or IV testicular carcinomas treated with a regimen containing vinblastine, bleomycin, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum. The comparison demonstrates that prior exposure to bleomycin constitutes a significant risk factor and that the risk is additive; ie, prior doses should be added to current doses to determine the cumulative dose-related probability of development of pulmonary toxicities.     

Umbilical vascular catheters: Localization by two-dimensional echocardio/aortography

Summary Umbilical vascular catheters are often necessary in the care of critically ill neonates. Position of the catheter tip is usually determined by roentgenography. Location of the umbilical arterial or venous catheter was determined by 2-dimensional echocardio/aortography in 55 consecutive infants and was compared to localization by thoraco-abdominal roentgenography. Most of the infants (76%) had respiratory distress syndrome or congenital heart disease. Echoaortographic localization of the umbilical arterial catheter correlated very closely (N = 50, r = .90) with roentgenographic determination. For localization of the tip of the umbilical venous catheters, echocardiography was more accurate than roentgenography (employing contrast echocardiography for confirmation of cardiac chamber position). Two-dimensional echocardio/aortographic localization of the tip of indwelling umbilical vascular catheters is as accurate as roentgenography in the arterial system and more accurate than x-ray for umbilical venous catheters. Echocardio/aortography is superior to roentgenography (in localizing the catheter tip) because it 1) avoids ionizing radiation, 2) makes positioning of the patient unnecessary, 3) allows visualization of the catheter in relation to cardiovascular structures, and 4) may allow demonstration of intraarterial thrombo-emboli.     

The use of sclera in tympanic membrane reconstruction.

Sclera appears to be an appropriate grafting material because of its high density, high tensile strength, and low antigenicity. Preserved donor sclera has been used for myringoplasty in 125 cases over a 4 year period with an overall success rate for complete closure of the perforation of 96%. Several simple techniques for creating flanges to hold the graft in place were used. The size of the perforations ranged from several millimeters to 80% of the eardrum surface. Most of the cases have been done as outpatients, the adults with local anesthesia and the children with general anesthesia. The advantages of the procedure are: A. readily available graft material; B. high tensile strength of sclera maintains scaffolding effect for long periods of time; C. the flange technique holds the graft at the perforation site and prevents graft lateralization or medialization; D. the procedure can be performed as an outpatient, decreasing health care costs.     

Characteristics of hospitalizations due to acute stroke in the Silesian Province,Poland, between 2009 and 2015

Introduction

The available data on acute stroke (AS) in Poland come mainly from non-representative cohorts or are outdated. Therefore, the current study was done to access the most recent data on AS in the industrial region that covers 12% (4.6 mln) of the country's population.