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991.
The development and initial validation of a questionnaire to measure help‐seeking behaviour in patients with new onset rheumatoid arthritis
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Rebecca J. Stack BSc MBPsS MSc PhD Christian D. Mallen BMBS FRCGP PhD Chris Deighton BMedSci MD FRCP Patrick Kiely BSc MBBS PhD FRCP Karen L. Shaw BSc MBPsS PgCert PhD Alison Booth RN MSc Kanta Kumar RN MSc Susan Thomas BA MA Ian Rowan Rob Horne BSc MSc PhD MRPharm Peter Nightingale BSc PhD Sandy Herron‐Marx RGN DPSN BA PGcap PhD Clare Jinks BA MPhil PhD Karim Raza FRCP PhD 《Health expectations》2015,18(6):2340-2355
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Bakker Ann-Christin Langer Barbara 《Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz》2015,58(11):1259-1264
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz - Veränderungen und Erkrankungen der Hornhaut (Cornea) zählen zu den häufigsten Ursachen schwerer Sehbehinderung und... 相似文献
995.
Parents' experiences of living with a child with hydrocephalus: a cross‐sectional interview‐based study
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Joanna Smith PhD MSc BSc RSCN RGN Francine Cheater PhD MA RGN Hilary Bekker PhD MSc BSc 《Health expectations》2015,18(5):1709-1720
Background
Shunts, the main treatment for hydrocephalus, are problematic because they frequently malfunction. Detecting shunt malfunction is challenging because symptoms are similar to those of common childhood illnesses, particularly viral infections. Parents are responsible for identifying shunt malfunction and responding accordingly. Understanding parents'' experiences has the potential to improve parent–professional collaboration and the management of the child''s condition.Aim
To explore parents'' experiences of living with a child with hydrocephalus and their decisions when they suspect shunt malfunction.Design and methods
A cross‐sectional interview‐based survey using qualitative methods was undertaken. Twenty‐five parents participated in the interviews. Framework approach underpinned data analysis.Findings
Three concepts, ‘uncertainty’, ‘developing expertise’, and ‘a normal life’, were identified. These concepts were dynamic in nature as parents learned through experience, adapted to changes in their child''s health status and made decisions about their needs. Uncertainty because of the unpredictability and life‐threatening nature of shunt malfunction dominated parents'' accounts. Through experience, parents learned to differentiate between symptoms that suggested a shunt problem and those of other childhood illnesses, but perceived their expertise was not always valued by health professionals or used to inform clinical decisions. Decisions about where or when to seek advice related to prior experiences of health‐care services and minimizing disruption for the whole family.Conclusion
Parents can recognize illness symptoms suggestive of shunt malfunction and want to collaborate with health professionals about the management of their child''s condition. Collaboration with parents requires health professionals to listen to parents'' concerns and value their experiences. 相似文献996.
997.
Supporting public involvement in research design and grant development: a case study of a public involvement award scheme managed by a National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Research Design Service (RDS)
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Jonathan D. Boote MA MSc PhD Maureen Twiddy BSc MSc PhD Wendy Baird BSc MSc PhD Yvonne Birks BSc DPhil RGN Clare Clarke BSc Daniel Beever LLB 《Health expectations》2015,18(5):1481-1493
Background
It is good practice for the public to be involved in developing health research. Resources should be available for researchers to fund the involvement of the public in the development of their grants.Objective
To describe a funding award scheme to support public involvement in grant development, managed by an NIHR Research Design Service (RDS). Case examples of how the award contributed to successful grant applications and findings from a recent evaluation of the scheme are presented.Design
A case study of resource provision to support public involvement activities in one region of England.Participants
University and NHS‐based researchers, and members of the public.Findings
Between 2009 and 2012, the RDS approved 45 public involvement funding awards (totalling nearly £19 000). These awards contributed to 27 submitted applications at the time of writing, of which 11 were successful (totalling over £7.5 million). The evaluation revealed difficulties encountered by some researchers when involving the public in grant development, which led to suggestions about how the scheme could be improved.Conclusion
This award scheme represents an efficient method of providing researchers with resources to involve the public in grant development and would appear to represent good value for money. 相似文献998.
999.
Elena Makovac Sarah N Garfinkel Andrea Bassi Barbara Basile Emiliano Macaluso Mara Cercignani Giovanni Calcagnini Eugenio Mattei Daniela Agalliu Pietro Cortelli Carlo Caltagirone Marco Bozzali Hugo Critchley 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2015,40(7):1649-1658
Autonomic nervous system activity is an important component of human emotion. Mental processes influence bodily physiology, which in turn feeds back to influence thoughts and feelings. Afferent cardiovascular signals from arterial baroreceptors in the carotid sinuses are processed within the brain and contribute to this two-way communication with the body. These carotid baroreceptors can be stimulated non-invasively by externally applying focal negative pressure bilaterally to the neck. In an experiment combining functional neuroimaging (fMRI) with carotid stimulation in healthy participants, we tested the hypothesis that manipulating afferent cardiovascular signals alters the central processing of emotional information (fearful and neutral facial expressions). Carotid stimulation, compared with sham stimulation, broadly attenuated activity across cortical and brainstem regions. Modulation of emotional processing was apparent as a significant expression-by-stimulation interaction within left amygdala, where responses during appraisal of fearful faces were selectively reduced by carotid stimulation. Moreover, activity reductions within insula, amygdala, and hippocampus correlated with the degree of stimulation-evoked change in the explicit emotional ratings of fearful faces. Across participants, individual differences in autonomic state (heart rate variability, a proxy measure of autonomic balance toward parasympathetic activity) predicted the extent to which carotid stimulation influenced neural (amygdala) responses during appraisal and subjective rating of fearful faces. Together our results provide mechanistic insight into the visceral component of emotion by identifying the neural substrates mediating cardiovascular influences on the processing of fear signals, potentially implicating central baroreflex mechanisms for anxiolytic treatment targets. 相似文献
1000.
Philipp J. Hohensinner Julia Mayer Julia Kirchbacher Julia Kral-Pointner Barbara Thaler Christoph Kaun Lena Hell Patrick Haider Marion Mussbacher Johannes A. Schmid Stefan Stojkovic Svitlana Demyanets Michael B. Fischer Kurt Huber Katharina Woran Christian Hengstenberg Walter S. Speidl Rudolf Oehler Ingrid Pabinger Johann Wojta 《Haematologica》2021,106(2):454