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71.
Surendra Karki Gillian Land Stacey Aitchison Jacqueline Kennon Paul D. R. Johnson Susan A. Ballard Karin Leder Allen C. Cheng 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2013,51(10):3374-3379
Contact precautions are recommended in hospitals to prevent the transmission of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE); however, there is no clear policy for how long patients should be under contact precautions due to a lack of information on the duration of carriage of these organisms. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to understand the duration of carriage of VRE (by screening of a single stool culture) and associated factors among patients who had been identified with VRE infection and/or colonization since the year 2000 at our health facilities. Of the 345 eligible participants, 136 did not respond, 90 declined to participate, and 16 did not send in the required specimens. Of the 103 remaining participants, 13 were found to have current VRE fecal carriage. The proportion of colonized patients fell from 40% (2/5) in the first year to 23.3% (7/30) in year 4. None of the 40 patients who had VRE detected >4 years prior were found to be colonized at the time of the study. The longest duration of detected VRE positivity was 46.5 months. Univariate analysis revealed that recent exposure to any antibiotics (P = 0.016), multiple antibiotics (P = 0.001), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (P = 0.021), piperacillin-tazobactam (P = 0.007), glycopeptides (P < 0.001), meropenem (P = 0.007), aminoglycosides (P = 0.021), or fluoroquinolones (P = 0.021), being the index case in a clinical specimen (P = 0.016), and recent hospitalization (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with continued carriage on follow-up. In the surviving outpatients, a significant proportion appeared to clear VRE carriage. Our results suggest that in the absence of recent risk factors, such as hospitalization or antibiotic use, patients with a remote history of colonization (>4 years) may no longer require contact isolation precautions. 相似文献
72.
Nishanth Parameswaran Oriol Mitj Christian Bottomley Cynthia Kwakye Wendy Houinei Allan Pillay Damien Danavall Kai-Hua Chi Ronald C. Ballard Anthony W. Solomon Cheng Y. Chen Sibauk V. Bieb Yaw Adu-Sarkodie David C. W. Mabey Kingsley Asiedu Michael Marks Diana L. Martin 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2021,59(5)
73.
The 65-kDa subunit of human NF-kappa B functions as a potent transcriptional activator and a target for v-Rel-mediated repression. 总被引:28,自引:1,他引:28
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74.
Association of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor with the crystalloid granules of human eosinophils 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Levi-Schaffer F; Lacy P; Severs NJ; Newman TM; North J; Gomperts B; Kay AB; Moqbel R 《Blood》1995,85(9):2579-2586
We have previously shown that normal-density human peripheral blood eosinophils transcribe and translate mRNA for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and that the intracellular distribution was granular as assessed by light microscopy immunocytochemistry. The present study was conducted to confirm this apparent association between GM-CSF and the crystalloid granule using a subcellular fractionation method for human eosinophils and immunogold electron microscopy (EM). Highly purified (> 99%, by negative selection using anti-CD16 immunomagnetic microbeads) human peripheral blood eosinophils were obtained from four asthmatic subjects (not taking systemic medication), homogenized and density fractionated (5 x 10(7) cells/subject) on linear Nycodenz gradients. Twenty-four fractions were collected from each cell preparation and analyzed for marker enzyme activities as well as total protein. Dot blot analysis with specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) was used to detect the eosinophil granule proteins major basic protein (MBP) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). An anti-CD9 MoAb was used as an eosinophil plasma membrane marker. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was used as a cytosolic marker. Immunoreactivity for GM-CSF was detected by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a polyclonal antihuman GM-CSF antibody and confirmed by dot blot. GM-CSF coeluted with the cellular fractions containing granule markers (MBP, ECP, eosinophil peroxidase, hexosaminidase, and arylsulphatase), but not those containing cytoplasm (LDH+) or membrane (CD9+) markers. EM examination of pooled fractions associated with the peak of GM-CSF immunoreactivity confirmed that they contained crystalloid and small granules, but not plasma membrane. In addition, quantification, using immunogold labeling with an anti/GM-CSF MoAb, indicated preferential localization of gold particles over the eosinophil granule cores of intact cells. Thus, our results indicate that GM-CSF resides as a granule-associated, stored mediator in unstimulated human eosinophils. 相似文献
75.
76.
Jelinek J; Fairbairn LJ; Dexter TM; Rafferty JA; Stocking C; Ostertag W; Margison GP 《Blood》1996,87(5):1957-1961
A human O6-alkylguanine-DNA-alkyltransferase (ATase) cDNA-containing retrovirus was used to infect murine long-term primary bone marrow cultures. High levels of ATase expression were obtained, and colony- forming cells of the granulocyte-macrophage lineage from the cultures transduced with the human ATase retrovirus were three times more resistant to the alkylating agent, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), than control cultures. Furthermore, expression of the human ATase protected long-term hematopoiesis, measured as the output of progenitor cells to the nonadherent fraction of the culture, against the cytotoxic effects of repeated exposures to MNU. These results clearly show that a human ATase cDNA-containing retrovirus can be used to infect long-term primary bone marrow cultures and that this attenuates their sensitivity to nitrosoureas. 相似文献
77.
78.
Kristin L. Ballard Mark A. Sander Bonnie Klimes-Dougan 《Community mental health journal》2014,50(2):145-149
This study evaluated student outcomes of an expanded school mental health (ESMH) model that placed community mental health clinicians on-site in schools to identify and treat children with mental health needs. The first aim of this study was to consider school-related outcomes (suspension rates and attendance rates) for those students who received ESMH treatment (n = 159) were compared to a matched high-risk sample that did not receive such services (n = 148). Results demonstrated differences between groups over time on measures of suspensions and attendance but not academic achievement. The second aim of this study was to evaluate change in social–emotional functioning (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Scores) over time for the treatment group. Results indicated significant improvements on several parent and teacher ratings. Despite limitations of the ESMH framework examined in this study, the overall results suggest some promising advantages for students who received ESMH services. 相似文献
79.
手术是脉管性病变治疗的一种手段,其主要作用是与放射治疗及各种药物治疗协同作用。对于血管瘤患者,手术仅限于普萘洛尔治疗无效,出现并发症及位于眼部的病变。整形手术可使血管瘤消退后遗留的面部畸形得到改善。对于一些范围较小的局灶性病变,手术往往可以取得满意的效果;对于巨大、多发的血管瘤,手术治疗往往作用有限,常常为减瘤术。手术患者一般在术前均经过栓塞硬化治疗,这样可以大大减少术中出血。手术无法治愈脉管性疾病,是一种辅助 相似文献
80.
David H. Ballard Kevin J. Campbell Krystle B. Hedgepeth Anne M. Hollister Alberto A. Simoncini M. Elaine Pahilan Asser M. Youssef 《The Journal of surgical research》2013