西藏高原地区LASlK治疗近视过矫的临床分析

目的：：探讨西藏高原地区影响准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser in situ keratomileusts,LASIK)治疗近视过矫的因素及解决办法。方法：对126例252眼近视患者中LASIK术后明显过矫的32例58眼术前、术后的相关资料进行分析。结果：术后2 mo 过矫者32例58眼(23.0%),裸眼视力0.5~0.8,过矫范围+1.50~+2.25DS,主观插片均≥1.0;术后6mo过矫者5例7眼(2.8%),裸眼视力0.8~1.0-2,过矫范围+0.75~+1.25DS,主观插片均≥1.0。其中过矫的患者术前角膜厚度500~563μm,术前屈光度数为-5.00~-7.50D,散光-1.50~-2.75DC,术前最佳矫正视力≥1.0。结论：我院LASIK手术治疗近视过矫患者较多,恢复时间较长,可能与当地海拔、温度、湿度、手术参数及患者的配合情况等因素有关。     

Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may improve long-term survival for children with high-risk T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first complete remission

Background: The role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in children with high-risk (HR) T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in first complete remission (CR1) is still under evaluation. Moreover, relapse is the main factor affecting survival. This study aimed to explore the effect of allo-HSCT (especially haploidentical HSCT [haplo-HSCT]) on improving survival and reducing relapse for HR childhood T-ALL in CR1 and the prognostic factors of childhood T-ALL in...     

多维价值框架推动思政教学——药事法规课程思政建设探索

目的： 探究药事法规课程思政建设的思路与实施路径,为高等学校药学相关专业本科药事法规课程思政建设提供参考方法： 基于《高等学校课程思政建设指导纲要》的文件要求,汇总分析药事法规课程思政建设要点与思政元素,结合课堂内外资源,提出课程思政建设多维价值框架,并应用于药事法规课程思政教学中。结果与结论： 在课程思政教学中,可遵循“三结合,两巩固,一推动”的多维价值框架,将社会主义核心价值观、职业使命感、民族自豪感、中医药文化自信、家国情怀等思政元素融入其中。专业课程需起到良好的思政教学作用,但应注意坚持以学生为中心,做到“润物细无声”,有效把握不同课程思政元素的应用,并重视任课教师的言传身教,还需要对课程思政建设效果进行评价与反思,以使课程建设不断完善。     

扶正抑瘤颗粒对小鼠肝癌细胞(H22)DNA、RNA及自由基含量的影响

目的:探讨扶正抑瘤颗粒(FYK)对小鼠肝癌细胞(H22)DNA、RNA及自由基含量的影响。方法:荧光探针吖啶橙(A0)、乙酰乙酸盐-2,7-二氯氢化荧光素(2,7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate,D-399)染色,激光共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)检测经FYK治疗的小鼠肝癌(H22)腹水瘤细胞内DNA、RNA及自由基含量的变化,并和NS组对照。结果:FYK大剂量组DNA、RNA含量较NS对照组明显减少,自由基含量较NS对照组明显增加,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:FYK可以破坏H22细胞的DNA、RNA,使H22细胞内自由基含量增多,具有抗肿瘤作用。     

小学生双眼屈光不均衡发育的影响因素分析

目的:研究6～12岁儿童双眼屈光不均衡发育的影响因素。方法:于2019-12在天津市滨海新区两所小学采用整群抽样的方法选取儿童607人,平均年龄8.2±1.8岁,均进行光学生物测量(眼轴长度、角膜前表面平均屈光力)、睫状肌麻痹后屈光检查及问卷调查。结果:纳入儿童等效球镜度为-0.11±1.63D,双眼等效球镜度差异为-0.08±0.64D,等效球镜度差异绝对值为0.41±0.49D。检出屈光参差儿童56人,非屈光参差儿童551人,屈光参差儿童和非屈光参差儿童双眼角膜屈光力差异绝对值无差异(0.30±0.34D vs 0.27±0.24D,P=0.430),眼轴差异绝对值有差异(0.67±0.39mm vs 0.13±0.13mm,P=0.005)。多因素线性回归分析显示,每周手机/电脑使用时间、每周近距离工作时间、每周视疲劳次数、习惯阅读距离是屈光不均衡发育程度(双眼等效球镜度差异绝对值)的影响因素;习惯阅读距离、写字时利手是屈光不均衡发育偏向(双眼等效球镜度差异)的影响因素。结论:6～12岁儿童看手机/电脑时间长、近距离工作时间长、视疲劳次数增多、习惯阅读距离近可能引起屈光发育不均衡...     

rTMS及CBT-I对慢性失眠障碍患者治疗效果的随机对照研究

背景 目前,药物疗法是失眠障碍的一线治疗手段,但仍然存在着一定的不良反应。与药物治疗相比,重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）和失眠的认知行为治疗（CBT-I）的不良反应较少、患者耐受性较好。目的 探讨rTMS与CBT-I治疗慢性失眠障碍的效果,以期为慢性失眠障碍患者提供更优的治疗方案。方法 选取2020年9月21日—2021年12月16日在内蒙古自治区精神卫生中心门诊或社区医院就诊的、符合《国际睡眠障碍分类第三版》（ICSD-3）诊断标准的慢性失眠障碍患者（n=50）,同期在社区招募与患者组年龄和性别相匹配的健康人作为对照组（n=16）。采用随机数字表法将慢性失眠障碍患者分为rTMS组与CBT-I组各25例,分别接受为期6周的rTMS或CBT-I干预。于干预前和干预后,慢性失眠障碍患者接受多导睡眠监测（PSG）以及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）、失眠严重程度指数量表（ISI）、重复性成套神经心理状态测验（RBANS）评定。对患者组和对照组进行静息态磁共振成像（rs-fMRI）扫描,并进行静息态低频振幅（ALFF）分析。将患者组和对照组ALFF值差异有统计学意义的脑区作为感兴趣区域（ROI）,将其作为种子点与患者全脑进行功能连接分析。结果 rTMS组和CBT-I组的PSQI评分、ISI评分以及RBANS中的即刻记忆、言语功能、延时记忆维度评分的时间效应均有统计学意义（F=41.160、69.615、47.923、12.090、28.193,P均<0.05）;两组总睡眠时间的时间效应、睡眠效率的时间效应和组别效应以及N1%的时间效应均有统计学意义（F=8.995、12.414、4.342、7.806,P均<0.05）。干预后,CBT-I组睡眠效率高于干预前（t=-2.785,P<0.05）。rTMS组眶部额上回与左侧豆状壳核（t=4.991,P<0.05）、右内侧和旁扣带回（t=4.471,P<0.05）和右侧中央后回（t=4.922,P<0.05）之间的功能连接增强,CBT-I组眶部额上回与左侧额中回之间的功能连接增强（t=6.586,P<0.05）。结论 rTMS及CBT-I可能有助于改善慢性失眠障碍患者的失眠情况和认知功能。     

GOS Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by High Fat and High Sugar Diet through Lipid Metabolism and Intestinal Microbes

The treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains very challenging. This study investigated the therapeutic effect of galactose oligosaccharide (GOS), an important prebiotic, on NAFLD through in vivo and in vitro experiments and preliminarily explored the mechanism by which GOS improves liver lipid metabolism and inflammation through liver and intestinal microbiological analysis. The results of mouse liver lipidomics showed that GOS could promote body thermogenesis in mice with high-fat and high-sugar diet (HFHSD)-induced NAFLD, regulate lipolysis in liver fat cells, and accelerate glycine and cholesterol metabolism. GOS dose-dependently reduced the contents of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in cells and reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets in cells. GOS also reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota in mice fed a HFHSD. GOS can improve liver lipid metabolism and intestinal structure of NAFLD. These results provide a theoretical and experimental basis supporting the use of GOS as a health food with anti-NAFLD functions.     

Impact of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on the Long-Term Performance of Concrete Pavement and Related Improvement Measures: A Review

Freeze–thaw damage is one of the most severe threats to the long-term performance of concrete pavement in cold regions. Currently, the freeze–thaw deterioration mechanism of concrete pavement has not been fully understood. This study summarizes the significant findings of concrete pavement freeze–thaw durability performance, identifies existing knowledge gaps, and proposes future research needs. The concrete material deterioration mechanism under freeze–thaw cycles is first critically reviewed. Current deterioration theories mainly include the hydrostatic pressure hypothesis, osmolarity, and salt crystallization pressure hypothesis. The critical saturation degree has been proposed to depict the influence of internal saturation on freeze–thaw damage development. Meanwhile, the influence of pore solution salinity on freeze–thaw damage level has not been widely investigated. Additionally, the deterioration mechanism of the typical D-cracking that occurs in concrete pavement has not been fully understood. Following this, we investigate the coupling effect between freeze–thaw and other loading or environmental factors. It is found that external loading can accelerate the development of freeze–thaw damage, and the acceleration becomes more evident under higher stress levels. Further, deicing salts can interact with concrete during freeze–thaw cycles, generating internal pores or leading to crystalline expansion pressure. Specifically, freeze–thaw development can be mitigated under relatively low ion concentration due to increased frozen points. The interactive mechanism between external loading, environmental ions, and freeze–thaw cycles has not been fully understood. Finally, the mitigation protocols to enhance frost resistance of concrete pavement are reviewed. Besides the widely used air-entraining process, the freeze–thaw durability of concrete can also be enhanced by using fiber reinforcement, pozzolanic materials, surface strengthening, Super Absorbent Polymers (SAPs), and Phase Change Materials. This study serves as a solid base of information to understand how to enhance the freeze–thaw durability of concrete pavement.     

单中心3760例泌尿系结石成分及其相关因素分析

目的探讨本地区泌尿系结石疾病患者利用泌尿系结石红外光线自动分析仪分析的结石成分构成及其临床意义。方法回顾性分析我院2014年5月至2020年5月3760例泌尿系结石疾病患者资料,采用泌尿系结石红外光线自动分析仪（LIIR-20型）分析结石成分组成。结果泌尿系结石以肾结石为主（2932例,77.98%）。从结石成分看,草酸钙结石最常见2999例（79.76%）、其次分别是无水尿酸结石229例（6.09%）、碳酸磷灰石187例（4.97%）。从性别来看,男性泌尿系结石发病率明显高于女性[男2659例（70.72%）,女1101例（29.28%）],其中男性一水草酸钙结石较女性明显多发（男71.86%,2155/2999;女28.14%,844/2999）,女性六水磷酸铵镁类感染性结石明显多于男性（男36.36%,52/143;女63.64%,91/143）。从年龄上看,成年患者多表现为一水草酸钙结石,而小儿患者（10岁及以下）多表现为尿酸胺（30.43%,56/184）及胱氨酸结石（3.80%,7/184）。结论本医疗中心泌尿系结石成分以草酸钙类结石为主,存在着年龄及性别等的差异;泌尿系结石红外光线自动分析仪作为新技术可以很好地分析泌尿系结石成分,为针对结石成分的特点采取相应的预防和诊疗措施提供了依据。     

Simple renal cyst as an independent risk factor for hypertension

A simple renal cyst (SRC) may increase the risk for hypertension. The authors examined the relationship between a SRC and hypertension in participants receiving physical examinations at Hebei Medical University. This study enrolled 66 883 participants who received physical examinations at our center from January 2012 to December 2017. Demographic data, medical history related to hypertension, hematological indexes, hypertension, and SRC subtype based on ultrasound examinations were examined. The relationship between SRC and hypertension was analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis in different models. Subgroup analysis and propensity score (PS) matching were also performed. Based on SRC subtype (unitary vs. multiple, small vs. large, unilateral vs. bilateral), a comprehensive scoring system was established to determine the effect of SRC load on hypertension. The results of univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that SRC was a risk factor for hypertension (P < .01). Subgroup and interaction analysis showed the homogeneity that SRC was an independent risk factor for hypertension in multiple subgroups (P > .05). A SRC remained an independent risk factor for hypertension after PS matching (P < .01). Based on a scoring system that considered different SRC subtypes, the risk for hypertension increased with renal cyst load (P < .01). In conclusions, a SRC was an independent risk factor for hypertension, and there was a positive correlation between SRC load and hypertension. The risk of hypertension increased gradually with the size, number, and location of a SRC. Careful follow‐up or excision should be considered for patients with SRCs.