复合诱变筛选avermectins高产菌株

由Streptomyces avermitilis初始菌株经过自然分离可以得到三种不同类型的菌株，即灰色粉末型、白色和光秃型。其中灰色粉末型产素水平最高，摇瓶发酵效价达到6835．1μg／ml，B1组分达到56．3％。经过紫外线和亚硝基胍对初始菌株的孢子的诱变及对其原生质体的诱变再生。并且经过异亮氨酸和链霉素的定向筛选，得到的高产菌株摇瓶发酵效价达到8542．9μg／ml，B。组分达到64．9％；同时通过对高产菌株进行传代培养检验其传代稳定性，结果表明，传代3代后，菌株开始退化，并且其发酵效价有比较显著的下降。     

玻璃体切除术治疗严重眼外伤34例观察

目的:观察玻璃体切除术治疗严重眼外伤的临床效果。方法:应用玻璃体切除术治疗严重眼外伤34例(35眼)。结果:本组34例(35眼)中,术后视力提高者29例(30眼,86%),在0.05以上者18例(18眼,51%),4例复发视网膜脱离,3例再手术成功。结论:玻璃体切除术是目前治疗严重眼外伤较为理想的方法,对恢复视功能起到一定作用。     

B族维生素对体外培养大鼠视网膜神经细胞及节细胞的神经营养作用

目的评价维生素B1、B6、B12及其衍生物甲钴胺对视网膜神经细胞及神经节细胞(RGCs)的生存和轴突再生伸长的影响。方法采用新生大鼠视网膜神经细胞体外原代培养技术，与不同浓度的B族维生素共同培养，MTT比色法检测细胞活力，进行HE染色和抗Thy1免疫细胞化学染色，测量视网膜神经细胞和RGCs轴突长度，比较各种维生素对细胞轴突伸长的影响。结果维生素B1、B6、B12和甲钴胺的最有效作用浓度分别为100、100、1．0、1．0μmol／L；高密度培养该营养作用更明显。用该浓度作用于细胞，维生素B6、B12和甲钴胺可促进视网膜神经细胞和RGCs轴突伸长。结论B族维生素在体外短期内能够显著提高视网膜神经细胞和RGCs的活力，促进上述细胞轴突再生伸长。     

强效降眼内压药—安普乐定的合成方法探讨

目的 探讨安普乐定的合成方法。方法 采用对硝基苯胺为原料,经还原、加保护基、甲酰化、氯化、环合、脱保护基六步反应法可进行化学合成。结果及结论 该合成方法所需试剂安全易得,合成条件平和,适于工业化生产。     

Endogenous urinary steroids in premenopausal women with uterine leiomyomas.

OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of endogenous steroids on the presence of uterine leiomyomas. METHODS: Urine samples of 27 premenopausal women with leiomyomas and 25 age-matched healthy premenopausal women were collected. The concentration of estrogens and androgens in the urine samples of the two groups were determined using a gas chromatography mass spectrometer and the two groups were compared. To study metabolic changes in patients indirectly, the concentration ratios of precursor metabolite to product metabolite of the two groups were also compared. RESULTS: Urinary concentrations of 17beta-estradiol, 5-androstene-3beta, 16beta, 17beta, triol, 11-keto-ethiocholanolone, 11beta-hydroxy-androsterone, 11beta-hydroxy-etiocholanolone, THS, THA, THE, alpha-cortol and beta-cortol were significantly higher in patients than in controls. The concentration ratios of 17beta-estradiol/estrone and 11/beta-hydroxy-ethiocholanolone/11beta-hydroxy-androsterone increased in patients. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of uterine leiomyomas correlates with an increase in urinary concentrations of estrogens and androgens, and it appears to be caused by a decrease in patients' metabolism of steroids.     

注射用苄星青霉素的局部用药安全性评价

目的评价国产注射用苄星青霉素的局部用药安全性。方法采用过敏试验、肌肉刺激试验考察注射用苄星青霉素的局部安全性。结果注射用苄星青霉素过敏反应与进口对照品相同,肌肉刺激试验符合要求。结论国产注射用苄星青霉素在该实验条件下是安全的。     

控制乳腺癌住院费用的探讨

目的:通过对315份乳腺癌病例的住院费用进行分析,阐述实行乳腺癌单病种最高限价控制中遇到的主要问题及解决途径。方法:利用EXCEL数字处理系统从年龄、平均住院日和治疗方式3个方面对乳腺癌住院费用进行分析。结果:乳腺癌住院费用主要和治疗方式有关,3种治疗方式人均医疗费用差别很大。结论:控制乳腺癌的住院费用,可采用缩短住院日、控制抗生素药物的使用和对化疗用药进行规范等方法进行控制。     

手术治疗中晚期胃癌126例报告

目的研究分析胃癌围手术期处理及并发症预防。方法本组126例,男84例,女42例,年龄34岁￣79岁,平均64岁,术前行特殊准备,纠正贫血、低蛋白血症,进行CRIS分级及FEV1测定。选择时机行胃空肠Roux-en-Y吻合手术治疗。结果临床治愈123人,死亡3人,并发症:切口感染8例,切口裂开6例,心肌梗死1例,十二指肠残端瘘1例,吻合口瘘2例,肺炎1例,并发症发生率15.0(%19/126)。结论①术前充分纠正贫血、低蛋白血症、水电解质紊乱,对心肺疾病者行CRIS分级评定和FEV1测定是保证手术成功的要点。②手术原则上行根治性切除,减少瘤负荷,以Roux-en-Y术式为佳。③术后输入端充分减压,输出端适时肠内营养,并严格心肺功能监测,合理应用抗生素,可望降低死亡率。     

计划生育服务机构医疗废弃物处理的调查研究

目的调查由计划生育技术操作而产生的医疗废弃物是否得到正确处理。方法采用随机抽样方法抽取本省45个县(市)级以下乡镇计划生育服务站(所)工作人员,以问卷调查的形式对调查内容进行统计学分析。结果使用过的医疗废弃物6%~60%回收,6%~33%丢弃,6%~73%烧毁,6%~93%填埋。结论应加强对计划生育技术服务人员对医疗废弃物处理管理等相关知识及操作方法的培训,严格按照规定对医疗废物进行处理。     

The design of a cervical vertebra titanium plate-interbody fusion cage

Objective： To study the biomechanical feature of a newly designed cervical vertebra internal fixation device and its clinical applications. Methods： Some functional spinal units were fixed respectively with titanium plate, fusion cage and new device designed by ourselves, then a controlled biomechanical study including flexion, extension, torsion and lateral bending was performed and the results were analyzed. Results： As to the mechanical performance, fusion cage showed poor performance in extension test and so did the titanium plate in the distortion test. However, the new device showed good performance in every test. Conclusion： Both simple titanium plate fixation and simple fusion cage fixation have biomechanical defaults, but they are complementary. The titanium plate-interbody fusion cage avoids the defaults and has specific advantages.