全文获取类型
收费全文 | 47032篇 |
免费 | 3795篇 |
国内免费 | 111篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 375篇 |
儿科学 | 1904篇 |
妇产科学 | 1293篇 |
基础医学 | 6743篇 |
口腔科学 | 971篇 |
临床医学 | 6483篇 |
内科学 | 9134篇 |
皮肤病学 | 894篇 |
神经病学 | 4803篇 |
特种医学 | 1074篇 |
外科学 | 4107篇 |
综合类 | 406篇 |
一般理论 | 62篇 |
预防医学 | 5759篇 |
眼科学 | 671篇 |
药学 | 2638篇 |
2篇 | |
中国医学 | 54篇 |
肿瘤学 | 3565篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 60篇 |
2023年 | 422篇 |
2022年 | 582篇 |
2021年 | 1263篇 |
2020年 | 938篇 |
2019年 | 1396篇 |
2018年 | 1530篇 |
2017年 | 1202篇 |
2016年 | 1329篇 |
2015年 | 1398篇 |
2014年 | 1782篇 |
2013年 | 2622篇 |
2012年 | 3654篇 |
2011年 | 3768篇 |
2010年 | 2067篇 |
2009年 | 1831篇 |
2008年 | 3048篇 |
2007年 | 3134篇 |
2006年 | 3079篇 |
2005年 | 2898篇 |
2004年 | 2808篇 |
2003年 | 2576篇 |
2002年 | 2318篇 |
2001年 | 362篇 |
2000年 | 260篇 |
1999年 | 312篇 |
1998年 | 522篇 |
1997年 | 391篇 |
1996年 | 347篇 |
1995年 | 339篇 |
1994年 | 267篇 |
1993年 | 265篇 |
1992年 | 184篇 |
1991年 | 159篇 |
1990年 | 144篇 |
1989年 | 111篇 |
1988年 | 123篇 |
1987年 | 87篇 |
1986年 | 93篇 |
1985年 | 97篇 |
1984年 | 100篇 |
1983年 | 100篇 |
1982年 | 128篇 |
1981年 | 123篇 |
1980年 | 103篇 |
1979年 | 62篇 |
1978年 | 66篇 |
1977年 | 49篇 |
1976年 | 45篇 |
1972年 | 35篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
931.
Julieann Coombes Caroline Lukaszyk Cathie Sherrington Lisa Keay Anne Tiedemann Robyn Moore Rebecca Ivers 《Australian and New Zealand journal of public health》2018,42(4):361-364
Objectives : Healthy ageing has been unattainable for many of Australia’s First Nation people, driven by an earlier onset of chronic disease when compared to the general Australian population. Our objective was to examine the perspectives of Australian First Nation people about healthy ageing. Methods : We used a conversational method to gather knowledge from older First Nation people from established communities in New South Wales, Australia. Discussions were audio recorded and transcribed and analysed using an Indigenous research standpoint methodology. Eight yarning circles were held in six locations with 76 participants aged 45 years and over. Results : Key issues around healthy ageing were identified; particularly, what the impact of chronic disease means to individuals. Study participants reported that healthy ageing is essential to continue to share knowledge of their history and culture. Conclusion : This article highlights the need for culturally appropriate healthy ageing programs addressing issues related to chronic disease among First Nation communities. Implications for public health : Research into what constitutes healthy ageing for older First Nation people is necessary for the development of culturally appropriate chronic disease interventions. 相似文献
932.
933.
Anne Starker Nina Buttmann-Schweiger Laura Krause Benjamin Barnes Klaus Kraywinkel Christine Holmberg 《Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz》2018,61(12):1491-1499
In Germany, approximately 227,000 women and 249,000 men developed cancer in 2014, and nearly 223,000 patients died from the disease that year. Many cancers are curable or have a very good prognosis when they are diagnosed at an early stage. This is where the concept of early detection examinations comes into play.This article describes the current conditions of and participation in examinations for the early detection of cervical, breast, skin, prostate, and colon cancer as provided by Germany’s statutory health services. Participation was derived from claims data from the statutory health insurance system as well as from Germany’s mammography screening program (MSP). The survey “German Health Update” (GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS) served as an additional data source. According to the claims data and considering the intended intervals, participation quotas among insured persons who are entitled to participate lie between 16% (colonoscopy) and 48% (Pap test). In 2015, 51.5% of invited women participated in the MSP. The results according to self-reports of the GEDA survey lie in part substantially higher. The results according to the claims data, the MSP, as well as the self-reports suggest that a large part of the population utilizes the examinations. Colon and cervical cancer examinations will be expanded as organized and quality-assured early detection programs with regular invitations and information on benefits and risks. These efforts should contribute to reaching eligible people who have thus far not participated. 相似文献
934.
Zumin?ShiEmail authorView authors OrcID profile Anna?Chu Shiqi?Zhen Anne?W.?Taylor Yue?Dai Malcolm?Riley Samir?Samman 《European journal of nutrition》2018,57(8):2839-2846
Purpose
Population studies of the association between zinc intake and mortality yield inconsistent findings. Using data from Jiangsu Nutrition Study, we aimed to assess the association between zinc intake and mortality among Chinese adults.Methods
We prospectively studied 2832 adults aged 20 years and older with a mean follow-up of 9.8 years. At baseline, food intake was measured by 3-day weighed food record (WFR) between September and December in 2002. Death occurrence was assessed in 2012 during a household visit as well as by data linkage with the regional death registry. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI were calculated using competing risks regression (CVD and cancer mortality) and Cox proportional hazards analysis (all-cause mortality).Results
During 27,742 person-years of follow-up, there were 184 deaths [63 cancer deaths and 70 cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths]. Dietary zinc to energy ratio was positively associated with cancer and all-cause mortality. Across quartiles of the zinc to energy ratio from low to high, the HR (95% CI) for all-cause mortality was 1.00, 1.80 (95% CI 1.10–2.95), 1.55 (95% CI 0.96–2.50), and 1.85 (95% CI 1.11–3.07), respectively. Comparing the extreme quartiles of the zinc to energy ratio, the HR for cancer mortality was 2.28 (95% CI 1.03–5.04).Conclusion
Zinc intake was positively related to all-cause mortality and cancer mortality.935.
Susanne Steinle Anne Sleeuwenhoek William Mueller Claire J. Horwell Andrew Apsley Alice Davis John W. Cherrie Karen S. Galea 《International journal of hygiene and environmental health》2018,221(6):977-984
Inhalation of ash can be of great concern for affected communities, during and after volcanic eruptions. Governmental and humanitarian agencies recommend and distribute a variety of respiratory protection (RP), most commonly surgical masks. However, there is currently no evidence on how effective such masks are in protecting wearers from volcanic ash. In Part I of this study (Mueller et al., 2018), we assessed the filtration efficiency (FE) of 17 materials from different forms of RP against volcanic ash and a surrogate, low-toxicity dust, Aloxite. Based on those results, we now present the findings from a volunteer simulation study to test the effect of facial fit through assessment of Total Inward Leakage (TIL).Four different disposable RP types that demonstrated very high median FE (≥96% for Aloxite; ≥89% for volcanic ash) were tested without provision of training on fit. These were an industry-certified mask (N95-equiv.); a surgical mask from Japan designed to filter PM2.5; a flat-fold basic mask from Indonesia; and a standard surgical mask from Mexico, which was also tested with an added medical bandage on top, as an additional intervention to improve fit.Ten volunteers (6 female, 4 male) were recruited. Each RP type was worn by volunteers under two different conditions simulating cleaning-up activities during/after volcanic ashfall. Each activity lasted 10?min and two repeats were completed for each RP type per activity. Dust (as PM2.5) concentration inside and outside the mask was measured with two TSI SidePak aerosol monitors (Models AM510 and AM520, TSI, Minnesota, USA) to calculate TIL. A questionnaire was administered after each test to collect perceptions of fit, comfort, protection and breathability.The best-performing RP type, across both activities, was the industry-certified N95-equiv. mask with 9% mean TIL. The standard surgical mask and the basic flat-fold mask both performed worst (35% TIL). With the additional bandage intervention, the surgical mask mean TIL improved to 24%. The PM2.5 surgical mask performed similarly, with 22% TIL. The N95-equiv. mask was perceived to provide the best protection, but was also perceived as being uncomfortable and more difficult to breathe through.This study provides a first objective evidence base for the effectiveness of a selection of RP types typically worn around the world during volcanic crises. The findings will help agencies to make informed decisions on the procurement and distribution of RP in future eruptions. 相似文献
936.
Geeske Peeters Siobhan Leahy Sean Kennelly Rose Anne Kenny 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2018,19(3):248-254.e3
Background
Fear of falling (FoF) is present in 20% to 85% of older adults and may be an early marker of decline in global cognitive functioning (GCF). We tested the hypothesis that FoF is associated with lower levels of GCF (cross-sectional) and greater decline in GCF (prospective) in adults aged 50 and older.Design
Observational cohort study.Setting
The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, a population-based study.Participants
Data were from 4931 participants (mean age 62.9 ± 9.1, range 50–98, 54.3% female).Measurements
FoF was based on self-report in 2010. GCF was measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) in 2010 and 2014. The cross-sectional association was examined using linear regression unadjusted and after adjustment for demographic and health factors. The prospective association between FoF and the odds of >1-SD decline in GCF were examined using logistic regression. Interaction with age and mediation by social and physical activities were examined.Results
In 2010, 21.9% of participants reported FoF. In the unadjusted cross-sectional models, those with FoF had lower scores on the MoCA (B ?1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] ?1.40 to ?0.90) and MMSE (B ?0.52, CI ?0.67 to ?0.37). In the unadjusted prospective models, FoF was associated with a greater odds of decline in MoCA (odds ratio [OR] 1.60, CI 1.26–2.04) and MMSE (OR 1.64, CI 1.29–2.08). After adjustment for covariates, all associations attenuated and were no longer statistically significant, except the association with decline in MoCA (OR 1.32, CI 1.01–1.71). No statistically significant interaction with age was found (P > .37). Additional adjustment for social and physical activity did not change the results.Conclusions
The findings provide weak evidence for FoF as a predictor of cognitive decline. 相似文献937.
Sharli Anne Paphitis 《Critical public health》2018,28(3):363-372
AbstractQuestions of epistemic injustice in relation to community engagement activities have rarely been interrogated. While it is often purported that when academics and community members are involved in the co-creation of knowledge through a mutually beneficial exchange of resources and expertise, all participants emerge as active stakeholders in the knowledge production process, little research has been done on how academics or community partners experience these processes from an epistemological perspective. Does the proposed process of repositioning research participants in community engagement praxis allows for a new power dynamic to emerge in research such that all parties genuinely share equal responsibility for determining the processes and outcomes of the knowledge production process? Do such activities allow for an epistemological shift away from traditional knowledge construction paradigms to ones in which the democratisation of knowledge is prioritised? Does such an epistemological shift in the knowledge construction paradigm extend beyond simply the knowledge construction process to interpersonal relationships between academics and community members who see themselves as co-protagonists in a shared project? In grappling with these questions I will draw on my own, personal experiences working in a menstruation related engaged research critical health education project in South Africa, to discuss the complexities of whether and how the amelioration of epistemic injustices are being served through community engagement activities. 相似文献
938.
Charles B. Fleming Christine M. Lee Isaac C. Rhew Jason J. Ramirez Devon Alisa Abdallah Anne M. Fairlie 《Substance use & misuse》2018,53(13):2240-2249
Background: Prior research on romantic relationships and alcohol use among young adults has not distinguished between differences in patterns of relationship status over extended periods of time and within-person changes in status that only occur for some individuals. Objectives: This study captured between-person differences in relationship patterns, assessed associations between relationship patterns and alcohol use, and examined within-person associations between alcohol use and relationship status changes. In addition, age and sex differences in between- and within-person associations were tested. Methods: We used multilevel modeling of monthly data collected over one year on alcohol use and romantic relationship status from a Seattle area community sample of 620 young adults (ages 18–24). Results: Participants were coded into six relationship pattern groups: (1) single-not-dating (16%), (2) stable-in-a-relationship (30%), (3) single-dating (10%), (4) ended-a-relationship (14%), (5) started-a-relationship (13%), and (6) ended-and-started-a-relationship (18%). Single-not-dating and stable-in-a-relationship groups reported the least drinking across the entire year; the single-dating, ended-a-relationship, and ended-and-started-a-relationship groups reported higher levels of drinking. Examining within-person changes in groups 3–6 revealed increases in drinking associated with months of dating among the single-dating group, months postbreakup among the ended-a-relationship group, and months of breaking up and starting a new relationship among the ended-and-started-a-relationship group. Few differences by age or sex were found for between- or within-person associations. Conclusions: The findings point to heterogeneity in patterns of relationship status over time, differences in relationship patterns associated with variations in drinking, and particular time points of elevated risk for young adults who experience changes in status. 相似文献
939.
940.
Emily M. Johnston Andrea E. Strahan Peter Joski Anne L. Dunlop E. Kathleen Adams 《Women's health issues》2018,28(2):122-129