Early outcomes of surgery for small bowel obstruction: analysis of risk factors

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to review the etiologies of patients who underwent surgery for small bowel obstruction (SBO) and to evaluate the risk factors affecting the early postoperative outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case series of 430 patients (252 men) with a mean age of 64.5 years, who underwent 437 operations for SBO, were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Peritoneal adhesions and hernia were the most common causes of SBO, contributing 42.3 and 26.8% of all cases, respectively. Strangulation occurred in 27.7% and caused nonviable bowel in 13.0% of obstructing episodes. Old age (age >/= 70 years), female patient, nonadhesive obstruction, and hernia were the independent significant factors associated with bowel strangulation. The 30-day mortality was 6.5%, and the median postoperative hospital stay was 8 days. Old age, the presence of premorbid pulmonary disease, and malignant obstruction were the independent factors associated with operative mortality. The overall complication rate was 35.5%, and old age was the only significant factor associated with postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery for SBO is still associated with significant mortality and morbidity. As old age is significantly associated with an increased incidence of strangulation, operative mortality, and complications, this group of patients should be managed with extra cautions to avoid unfavorable outcome of surgery.     

Feasibility of treating hyperfibrinogenemia with intermittently administered batroxobin in patients with ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack for secondary prevention.

This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of batroxobin in treating hyperfibrinogenemia for secondary stroke prevention. Patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) were measured for plasma fibrinogen levels. Selected participants had concomitant hyperfibrinogenemia (plasma fibrinogen > or = 3.0 g/l). Patients enrolled between 1 July 2003 and 31 December 2004 were treated with batroxobin; patients enrolled between 1 January 2002 and 30 June 2003 were treated without batroxobin. Batroxobin was administered intermittently via intravenous injection at 3-monthly intervals. Patients in both groups were followed for 1 year. Any cerebrovascular events and suspected adverse events were recorded. In total, 112 ischemic stroke/TIA patients with concomitant hyperfibrinogenemia were enrolled, 52 being treated with batroxobin and 60 without batroxobin. Six patients (11.5%) with batroxobin and 16 patients (26.7%) without batroxobin had recurrent cerebral ischemic events during follow-up. Stroke/TIA recurrence in patients without batroxobin was higher than that in patients with batroxobin (P < 0.05). Two patients with batroxobin and two patients without batroxobin developed hemorrhagic stroke during follow-up. There were five deaths (9.6%) in the batroxobin group, and seven deaths (11.7%) in the nonbatroxobin group during follow-up (P > 0.05). Intermittent intravenous injection of batroxobin can efficiently reduce the risk for stroke/TIA recurrence in patients with concomitant hyperfibrinogenemia.     

V-Y肌腱瓣修补术治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂

目的 研究V—Y肌腱瓣修补术治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂的手术方法及结果。方法 对9例平均112d的陈旧性跟腱断裂患，采用小腿三头肌V—Y肌腱瓣修补术治疗修补缺损为3．2～6cm，平均4．6cm。结果 平均随访2年8个月，按Arner-Lindholm疗效评定标准评估，优7例(77．8％)，良2例(22．2％)，优良率为100％。结论 对于陈旧性跟腱断裂，小腿三头肌V—Y肌腱瓣修补术足一种方法简单、疗效满意的手术方法。     

早期脑室置管行颅内压监护对中型颅脑损伤患者的预后影响

目的　探讨早期脑室置管行颅内压 (ICP)和脑灌注压 (CPP)监护在中型颅脑损伤中的临床应用价值。方法　将 12 5例伤后 2 4h入院无手术指征的中型颅脑损伤 (GCS 9～ 12分 )患者 ,随机分为ICP监护组 :入院后即经恻脑室内穿刺置管行ICP与CPP连续监测 ,根据颅内压变化调整治疗方案 ;对照组 :入院后不做ICP监测 ,依据临床观察的意识及生命体征变化 ,进行治疗。结果　颅内压监护组脱水剂剂量、应用时间均低于对照组 ,疗效优于对照组 ,两组差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　中型颅脑损伤病情极不稳定 ,早期行ICP监护能及早发现病情变化 ,对及时采取有效治疗措施 ,降低死残率 ,改善预后有重要意义。     

奥沙利铂为主的静脉化疗联合腹腔温热灌注和体外高频透热治疗晚期大肠癌的临床观察

目的 探讨奥沙利铂为主的化疗联合腹腔温热灌注治疗晚期肠癌的临床效果.方法 对42例晚期大肠癌患者,予腹腔温热灌洗化疗及体外高频透热治疗,联合以奥沙利铂为主的静脉化疗,至少2个周期,观察疗效及不良反应.结果 全组患者完成169个周期治疗,CR 5例,PR 22例,SD 8例,PD 7例,总有效率66.3%.完全缓解率11.9%.不良反应以白细胞下降及消化道反应多见,少数患者出现周围性神经毒性,以I-Ⅱ 度为主.结论 以奥沙利铂为主的静脉化疗联合腹腔温热灌注和体外高频透热治疗,对晚期大肠癌具有一定的疗效,毒副作用小;腹腔局部化疗是一种值得关注的治疗途径.     

Analysis of the Surface Ozone During Summer and Autumn at a Coastal Site in East China

The levels and temporal variations of surface ozone at a coastal site in East China during summer and autumn were analyzed and the influences of meteorological parameters on ozone were investigated. An inland city was chosen as a comparison site. The main results and conclusions of this study are: (1) ozone pollution, with a maximum 1 h concentration of 150.98 ppbv, was severe during summer and autumn at the coastal site; (2) the ozone level was obviously higher at the coastal site than that at the inland site in September; (3) besides temperature and solar radiation, sea-land breeze circulation is an important factor influencing the ozone level at the coastal site, and sea breeze often induce high ozone levels (the average ozone concentration for sea breeze was about 13 ppbv higher than that for land breeze).     

改良低压回肠代膀胱术的疗效评价

目的 总结改良原位低压回肠代膀胱术的疗效及患者生活质量。方法 膀胱癌患者53例，平均年龄61岁，均施行根治性膀胱全切术。截取末端35—45cm回肠，“U”形缝合形成代“膀胱”，并与输尿管形成抗返流的“乳头”缝合。结果 术后所有患者血生化及电解质均正常，随访3—6个月，51例患者白天完全可控排尿，完全夜间可控制排尿25例。47例无残余尿，5例有残余尿20-35mL。结论 改良低压回肠代膀胱术，膀胱容量大、压力低、无返流、效果好、无吸收性酸中毒，患者白天均能够控制尿液，夜间需定时排尿，生活质量高，多数患者满意。     

PCR-RSSO基础上HLA-Ⅰ、Ⅱ基因分型的研究

目的通过对PCR-DNA技术的分析,探讨人类白细胞抗原(HLA)基因分型方法。方法采用PCR反向序列特异性寡核苷酸(polymerase chain reaction-reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide,PCR-RSSO)杂交技术,建立改良半量扩增体系全自动HLA-I、Ⅱ等位基因分型方法,进行了635份血液标本HLA-A、B、C、DR、DQ等位基因分型,其中166份DNA同时采用序列特异性引物技术(PCR-SSP)和手工全量扩增体系PCR-RSSO技术。对全自动半量PCR-RSSO、PCR-SSP、手工PCR-RSSO 3种方法做两两比较。结果全自动半量PCR-RSSO的分型成功率为98.4%(3 124/3 175),PCR-SSP为98.8%(656/664),手工PCR-RSSO为88.3%(733/830)。经χ2检验,全自动半量PCR-RSSO与PCR-SSP的分型成功率无统计学差异,与手工PCR-RSSO有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论PCR-RSSO可识别HLA-Ⅰ,Ⅱ共706个等位基因,覆盖WHO命名委员会2000年公布的936个等位基因的75.43%;对706个HLA等位基因的分型均为中~高分辨率,有分辨纯合子等位基因的能力;易长期保存书面的实验原始资料,即杂交条;具有成本低、劳动强度低、省时和DNA消耗量少等优点。PCR-RSSO适合于造血干细胞移植和建立造血干细胞及脐带血干细胞库的组织配型。