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31.
Hernández Anselmi E Gutiérrez San Román C Barrios Fontoba JE Ayuso González L Valdés Dieguez E Lluna González J Roca Molla A García-Sala Viguer C Gómez Montes J Cortina Orts H 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2007,42(3):e13-E16
Accidental ingestion of foreign bodies is a common problem in children, but ingestion of magnets is rare. When multiple magnets are ingested, they may attract each other through the intestinal walls, causing pressure necrosis, perforation, fistula formation, or intestinal obstruction; as has been reported in 13 cases in the past 10 years. We report the fifth case in the literature of intestinal perforation and fistula caused by the ingestion of 2 small magnetic pieces of a toy by a 3-year-old boy. We find it necessary that sanitary authorities give more information to parents and physicians about the potential risks of these magnetic toys. 相似文献
32.
Lu L Dekhtyar T Masse S Pithawalla R Krishnan P He W Ng T Koev G Stewart K Larson D Bosse T Wagner R Pilot-Matias T Mo H Molla A 《Antiviral research》2007,76(1):93-97
Compound A-837093, a non-nucleoside HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor, displayed nanomolar potencies against HCV genotypes 1a and 1b replicons. It also exhibited an excellent metabolic profile and achieved high plasma and liver concentrations in animals. In order to characterize the development of resistance to this anti-HCV agent, HCV subgenomic 1b strain N replicon cells were cultured in the presence of A-837093 with G418. Mutations S368A, Y448H, G554D, Y555C, and D559G in the NS5B polymerase gene were identified that led to substantial decreases in the susceptibilities of 1b genotype replicons to the inhibitor A-837093. However, the resistant mutants remained susceptible to HCV protease inhibitor BILN-2061 and alpha interferon as well as to a different class of non-nucleoside HCV polymerase inhibitor. In addition, each single resistant mutation identified significantly reduced the replication capacity of mutant compared to wild-type replicon. These findings provide a strategic guide for the future development of non-nucleoside inhibitors of HCV NS5B polymerase. 相似文献
33.
Antiviral interactions of an HCV polymerase inhibitor with an HCV protease inhibitor or interferon in vitro 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The combinations of Abbott Hepatitis C virus (HCV) polymerase A-782759 with either Boehringer Ingelheim HCV NS3 protease inhibitor BILN-2061 or interferon (IFN) displayed additive to synergistic relationships over a range of concentrations of two-drug combination. Treatment of HCV replicon with A-782759, IFN or BILN-2061 for about 16 days resulted in dramatic reductions in HCV RNA (5.1, 3.0 and 3.9 log10 RNA copies, respectively). However, none of the compounds tested alone lead to replicon RNA reduction to undetectable levels. Ongoing replication in the presence of A-782759 or BILN-2061 was associated with the appearance of resistant mutations M414T in NS5B and D168V in NS3, respectively. In contrast, a combination of A-782759 with BILN-2061 resulted in greater than 7 logs RNA reduction leading to undetectable replicon RNA after 16 days of treatment. Our findings suggest that a monotherapy with either drug alone is likely to result in development of resistant mutants. However, a combination therapy with polymerase inhibitor has the potential to improve the efficacy of IFN or a protease inhibitor alone in vivo, due to the lower likelihood of resistance development. 相似文献
34.
Andualem B Kassu A Moges F Gedefaw M Diro E Mengistu G Andargie G 《Ethiopian medical journal》2007,45(2):165-170
OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence and type of intestinal parasites in HIV infected and uninfected patients with diarrhea. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Gondar University hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, between March 2003 and October 2004. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total 312 consecutive diarrheic patients were included in the study. Stool specimens were collected and examined for intestinal parasites following direct, formol-ether concentration and modified acid fast staining methods. RESULTS: Among the patients, 63.8% were found to be HIV seropositive. The prevalence of intestinal parasites in HIV seropositive and seronegative diarrheic patients was 30.6% and 33.6%, respectively. The most prevalent parasites were Strongyoides stercoralis (9.0%) and Entamoeba histolytica (8.3%) followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (5.4%) and Cryptosporidium species (5. 1%). CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: The prevalence of intestinal parasites in diarrheic patients was very high. Institution of appropriate intervention measures are needed to reduce morbidity in such patients. 相似文献
35.
Kenya PR Muttunga JN Mwenesi H Molla AM Bari A Juma R Were B Molla A Sharma PN 《Journal of tropical pediatrics》2001,47(4):226-229
Safety margins and variability in the composition of glucose and maize-based oral rehydration therapy (ORT) prepared by mothers in a rural district of Western Kenya, are reported here. In a 2-year longitudinal field study, packets containing glucose ORS and a home solution made with maize and table salts, were provided to the mothers of 6180 children in Kakamega District in two separate sub-locations. Experienced and trained field workers supported by community registered nurses provided training for the preparation and use of ORT during weekly visits to every household. On four occasions separated by 4-6 months, a 5 per cent random sampling was done of the home-prepared solutions actually used for the treatment of children with diarrhoea. The water used for preparing ORT was also sampled. Samples of 174 glucose-based ORT, 148 maize-salt ORT, and 201 samples of water were analysed. Only 2 per cent of the maize-based ORT were above 120 meq/1 sodium (i.e., the safe range of sodium concentration) compared to 17.8 per cent for glucose solutions (p < 0.001). Home water samples contained substantial amounts of salt, which could unpredictably affect the final composition of the ORT solutions. We conclude that maize-salt ORT had a better margin of safety than glucose-based ORS. 相似文献
36.
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38.
The consequences of an accidental overexposure from an 192Ir radiography source are being followed up to assess the long-term effects to the victim. The estimated dose equivalents resulting from the accident were approximately 24 Sv to the fingertips and 2-3 Sv to the body. Progressive tissue deterioration has set in and has led to multiple surgeries and successive amputations of the fingertips. 相似文献
39.
Hormonal postcoital contraception with an ethinylestradiol-norgestrel combination and two danazol regimens 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G Zuliani U F Colombo R Molla 《European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology》1990,37(3):253-260
The ethinylestradiol-norgestrel combination (EE-NG) for postcoital contraception, as described by Yuzpe, has been shown to be an effective method but with frequent side effects. To overcome the problem of adverse effects a new approach using danazol was proposed, but the efficacy and acceptability of this treatment have not yet been tested in large studies. In a 5-year period at the AIECS Family Planning Centre in Milan we treated 2448 women requesting postcoital contraception using Yuzpe's regimen and two danazol regimens (800 mg/1200 mg). The patients' acceptability for danazol treatment was higher than for Yuzpe's regimen due to fewer, milder and shorter side effects. Nine pregnancies occurred in the EE-NG group (2.21%), 17 in the 800 mg group (1.71%) and 6 in the 1200 mg group (0.82%). Our study shows a statistically significant efficacy against expected pregnancy rates both with Yuzpe's regimen and with danazol. The 1200 mg danazol treatment seems to be more effective and can be considered a valid alternative to the EE-NG combination for hormonal postcoital contraception. 相似文献
40.
Mahmuda Akhter Niaz Ahmed Md. Raihan-ul Arefin Mahbub-Us Sobhan Motiur Rahman Molla Mahammad Kamal 《Oral and maxillofacial surgery》2016,20(1):63-71