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排序方式: 共有1358条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
David P. Goldstein MD Gideon Y. Bachar MD Jane Lea MD Mark G. Shrime MD Rajan S. Patel MB Patrick J. Gullane MB Dale H. Brown MB Ralph W. Gilbert MD John Kim MD Jonathan Waldron MD Bayardo Perez–Ordonez MD Aileen M. Davis PhD Lu Cheng MMath Wei Xu PhD Jonathan C. Irish MD 《Head & neck》2013,35(5):632-641
42.
Aileen Chou PT DPT Joshua K. Johnson DPT PhD Daniel B. Jones PhD Tracey Euloth MPT Beth A. Matcho PT Andrew Bilderback MS Janet K. Freburger PT PhD 《Health services research》2023,58(Z1):51-62
Objective
To assess the effectiveness of a hospital physical therapy (PT) referral triggered by scores on a mobility assessment embedded in the electronic health record (EHR) and completed by nursing staff on hospital admission.Data Sources
EHR and billing data from 12 acute care hospitals in a western Pennsylvania health system (January 2017–February 2018) and 11 acute care hospitals in a northeastern Ohio health system (August 2019–July 2021).Study Design
We utilized a regression discontinuity design to compare patients admitted to PA hospitals with stroke who reached the mobility score threshold for an EHR-PT referral (treatment) to those who did not (control). Outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS) and 30-day readmission or mortality. Control variables included demographics, insurance, income, and comorbidities. Hospital systems with EHR-PT referrals were also compared to those without (OH hospitals as alternative control). Subgroup analyses based on age were also conducted.Data Extraction
We identified adult patients with a primary or secondary diagnosis of stroke and mobility assessments completed by nursing (n = 4859 in PA hospitals, n = 1749 in OH hospitals) who completed their inpatient stay.Principal Findings
In the PA hospitals, patients with EHR-PT referrals had an 11.4 percentage-point decrease in their 30-day readmission or mortality rates (95% CI −0.57, −0.01) relative to the control. This effect was not observed in the OH hospitals for 30-day readmission (β = 0.01; 95% CI −0.25, 0.26). Adults over 60 years old with EHR-PT referrals in PA had a 26.2 percentage-point (95% CI −0.88, −0.19) decreased risk of readmission or mortality compared to those without. Unclear relationships exist between EHR-PT referrals and hospital LOS in PA.Conclusions
Health systems should consider methodologies to facilitate early acute care hospital PT referrals informed by mobility assessments. 相似文献43.
44.
Expression of conditioned fear has been reported to be independent of perceptual awareness of conditioned stimuli (CSs). Previous studies have been criticized, however, for not adequately assessing perceptual awareness. We fear-conditioned participants to one of two symbols and measured skin conductance responses to dichoptically masked and unmasked CSs. Participants also performed a target detection task and sensitivity (d') to the masked conditioned stimuli (CS+, CS-) was measured. Results showed that sensitivity under masking conditions was related to conditioned responses to masked CSs but not unmasked CSs. Thus, a strong relationship between expression of conditioned fear and awareness of the CS+ emerges when the latter is assessed by signal detection methods. Without consensus on how awareness should be defined, these findings bring balance to previous studies that have typically used less sensitive assessments of awareness. 相似文献
45.
Aileen S. Garcia Dipti A. Dev Virginia C. Stage 《Journal of nutrition education and behavior》2018,50(9):905-912
Objective
Determine the predictors of child care providers’ parent engagement regarding child nutrition in child care centers (CCCs) and family child care homes (FCCHs).Design
Cross-sectional.Setting
Child care centers and FCCHs.Participants
Child care center directors (n?=?337) and FCCH providers (n?=?1,153) completed a self-administered survey.Main Outcome Measures
Fifteen variables were examined as predictors for parent engagement: providers’ perceived barriers to communication, participation in Go Nutrition and Physical Self- Assessment in Child Care, National Association for the Education of Young Children accreditation, participation in Quality Ratings and Improvement Systems, feeding practices, and professional development.Analysis
Structural equation modeling examined the relation between variables for CCCs and for FCCHs.Results
For CCCs, NAEYC accreditation, providers’ perceived barriers regarding parents’ cultural beliefs about food, parents not liking the taste of healthy foods, and parents prioritizing other food-related topics over healthy eating significantly predicted parent engagement. For FCCHs, participation in Go Nutrition and Physical Self- Assessment in Child Care, perceiving parents to be busy, not wanting to offend parents, and practicing family-style dining were significantly related to parent engagement. For both CCCs and FCCHs, professional development regarding child nutrition was related to parent engagement.Conclusions and Implications
Focusing professional development on child care contexts and addressing providers’ perceived barriers may improve parent engagement. 相似文献46.
47.
Exploring Preconception Care: Insurance Status,Race/Ethnicity,and Health in the Pre-pregnancy Period
Rebecca Mahn Hawks Aileen P. McGinn Peter S. Bernstein Jonathan N. Tobin 《Maternal and child health journal》2018,22(8):1103-1110
Objective To measure the association of preconception health insurance status with preconception health among women in New York City, and examine whether this association is modified by race/ethnicity. Methods Using data from the New York City Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System 2009–2011 (n?=?3929), we created a “Preconception Health Score” (PHS) capturing modifiable behaviors, healthcare services utilization, pregnancy intention, and timely entry into prenatal care. We then built multivariable logistic regression models to measure the association of PHS with health insurance status and race/ethnicity. Results We found PHS to be higher among women with private insurance (7.3?±?0.07) or public insurance (6.3?±?0.08) before pregnancy than no insurance (5.9?±?0.09) (p?<?.001). However, when stratified by race/ethnicity, the positive association of PHS with insurance was absent in the non-white population. Conclusions for Practice Having health insurance during the pre-pregnancy period is associated with greater health among white women, but not among black or Hispanic women in NYC. 相似文献
48.
49.
Ramona Schrage Janine Holze Jessica Klöckner Aileen Balkow Anne S. Klause Anna-Lena Schmitz Marco De Amici Evi Kostenis Christian Tränkle Ulrike Holzgrabe Klaus Mohr 《Biochemical pharmacology》2014
Activation of G protein-coupled receptors involves major conformational changes of the receptor protein ranging from the extracellular transmitter binding site to the intracellular G protein binding surface. GPCRs such as the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are commonly probed with radioantagonists rather than radioagonists due to better physicochemical stability, higher affinity, and indifference towards receptor coupling states of the former. Here we introduce tritiated iperoxo, a superagonist at muscarinic M2 receptors with very high affinity. In membrane suspensions of transfected CHO-cells, [3H]iperoxo – unlike the common radioagonists [3H]acetylcholine and [3H]oxotremorine M – allowed labelling of each of the five muscarinic receptor subtypes in radioagonist displacement and saturation binding studies. [3H]iperoxo revealed considerable differences in affinity between the even- and the odd-numbered muscarinic receptor subtypes with affinities for the M2 and M4 receptor in the picomolar range. Probing ternary complex formation on the M2 receptor, [3H]iperoxo dissociation was not influenced by an archetypal allosteric inverse agonist, reflecting activation-related rearrangement of the extracellular loop region. At the inner side of M2, the preferred Gi protein acted as a positive allosteric modulator of [3H]iperoxo binding, whereas Gs and Gq were neutral in spite of their robust coupling to the activated receptor. In intact CHO-hM2 cells, endogenous guanylnucleotides promoted receptor/G protein-dissociation resulting in low-affinity agonist binding which, nevertheless, was still reported by [3H]iperoxo. Taken together, the muscarinic superagonist [3H]iperoxo is the best tool currently available for direct probing activation-related conformational transitions of muscarinic receptors. 相似文献
50.
Yin-Mei Lee Dede S. Sutedja Chun-Tao Wai Yock-Young Dan Myat-Oo Aung Lei Zhou Chee-Leong Cheng Aileen Wee Seng-Gee Lim 《Hepatology International》2008,2(2):196-201
Purpose Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is implicated in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Pentoxifylline inhibits TNF-α. We wanted
to evaluate the efficacy of Pentoxifylline on NASH patients.
Methods Patients with biopsy proven NASH and persistently elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) greater than 1.5 times the upper
limit of normal were randomized to 3 months of treatment with a step 1 American Heart Association diet and daily exercise
with Pentoxifylline or placebo. Liver function tests, serum lipids and TNF-α, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and plasma hyaluronic
acid were measured at baseline, at weeks 6 and 12. Categorical data were analyzed by Fisher’s exact test while independent
sample t-test and Mann–Whitney test were used for continuous data.
Results Eleven patients were randomized into the Pentoxifylline and nine to the placebo group. After 3 months of treatment body mass
index (BMI), ALT and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased significantly in both groups. There was no difference between
the two groups in reduction of BMI (P = 0.897). There was significantly greater reduction in AST in the Pentoxifylline group (P = 0.038). There was a trend toward lower ALT level (P = 0.065) in the Pentoxifylline group. TNF-α and IL-6 decreased significantly in both groups after treatment, but there was
no significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion Three months of Pentoxifylline treatment in combination with diet and exercise results in significantly greater reduction
in AST levels in patients with NASH as compared with controls.
This study was funded by the National Healthcare Group Small Innovative Grant NHG-grant number. RPR/04029. It received ethics
approval by the National Healthcare Group Domain Specific Research Board D-registration number DSRB-D/04/083. 相似文献