Primary mediastinal myelolipoma

Myelolipoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor composed of an admixture of fat and bone marrow-derived hematopoietic cells. It is typically an adrenal lesion, and mediastinal location is extremely unusual. We describe a 56-year-old man with nonspecific symptoms of cough and dyspnea and no underlying disease whose chest computed tomography showed a huge (25 x 15 cm) mediastinal tumor containing calcification. Surgical removal and subsequent pathologic examination of the tumor revealed myelolipoma. Primary myelolipoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of large posterior mediastinal tumors containing calcification.     

The effects of Face mask and Tongue Appliance on Maxillary Deficiency in growing patients: A randomized clinical trial

ObjectivesThe purpose of this randomized trial study was to compare the effects of facemask and Tongue appliance in treatment of Class III malocclusion with maxillary deficiency in growing patients.Materials & methods45 patients (22 males, 23 females) with maxillary deficiency were selected and randomly assigned to 2 groups. 22 patients (10 boys, 12 girls) with the mean age of 9.3 years ± 1.2 years were treated with facemask. 23 patients (12 boys, 11 girls) with the mean age of 10.1 years ± 0.7 years were treated by Tongue appliance. Lateral cephalograms obtained at the beginning and end of the study were analyzed.ResultsPaired t-tests and Wilcoxon test showed that SNA and ANB significantly increased in both groups. Mann-Whitney test showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups except for Jarabak ratio and Upper 1 to SN. U1 to SN increased by 11.1 ± 6.9° in fixed facemask group and 2.5 ± 6.1° in Tongue appliance group (P < 0.001).Both treatment modalities were successful in moving the maxilla forward. However, the upper incisors had more labial inclination in the facemask group.     

Combined orthodontic-surgical management of a transmigrated mandibular canine

The presence of an impacted mandibular canine is one of the most difficult challenges that an orthodontist will meet. Orthodontic treatment is planned on an individual basis after thoroughly considering the patient’s overall facial and dentoskeletal characteristics; the duration, risks, and costs of treatment; patient preferences; and the orthodontist’s experience. This article reports an orthodontic treatment of a boy, age 12.9 years, with an impacted mandibular canine in the permanent dentition that was successfully managed. Radiographic analysis indicated a transmigration of the mandibular right canine. The orthodontic treatment plan included extraction of the deciduous right canine followed by surgical exposure and ligation of the permanent canine. Eruption was properly guided, and the correct position of the tooth was achieved. This challenging treatment approach is described in detail, including the mechanics used to align the impacted canine.     

Infantile Systemic Hyalinosis: Report of 17-year Experience

Background:

Infantile Systemic Hyalinosis (ISH) is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by connective tissue involvement as hyaline deposition in skin, gastrointestinal tract, muscles, glands and other organs.

Cases Presentation:

We report eight Iranian children (4 male and 4 female) with ISH referred to our hospital from 1996 to 2013. The illness had been diagnosed by clinical manifestations and disease progression. Six of them died and two are alive but very sick.

Conclusion:

ISH is a very rare disorder with poor prognosis. Seventy five percent of our 8 patients died before 2 years old due to severe diarrhea, malabsorption and/or infection.     

Heterogeneous Fenton-like activity of novel metallosalophen magnetic nanocomposites: significant anchoring group effect

Two new pyridine and thiolate anchoring groups were prepared to functionalize γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles for coordinative attachment of simple Fe(iii)- and Mn(iii)salophen complexes. Four new magnetically recoverable composites were characterized by several analytical techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, TGA, EDS compositional analysis and VSM to confirm superparamagnetic properties. TEM images revealed the nanostructure nature of composites with size ranging between 20 and 40 nm. A heterogeneous advanced oxidation process for degradation of some organic dyes as water pollution compounds using an aqueous solution of H₂O₂ were successfully exploited. Several key parameters including the metal center in the salophen complex, initial pH, catalyst dosage, H₂O₂ and dye concentration and temperature were investigated. A significant effect of the anchoring ligand on the degradation efficiency and catalyst stability was documented. The superior catalytic activity and particularly durability of the thiolate-based catalysts were demonstrated in comparison with their Py counterparts. Rate constants of 0.21, 0.17, 0.23 and 0.11 min⁻¹ were obtained for degradation of rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), and crystal violet (CV). Finally, a photoluminescence probing technology and radical scavenging measurements were carried out to elucidate the active species involved in the process.

Novel magnetically recoverable Fe(iii)- and Mn(iii)salophen complexes were designed for the effective degradation of hazardous organic dyes using a heterogeneous advanced oxidation process.     

Polyomavirus BK versus JC replication and nephropathy in renal transplant recipients: a prospective evaluation

BACKGROUND: JC virus (JCV) viruria is more common than BK virus (BKV) viruria in healthy individuals but in kidney transplants (KT), polyomavirus nephropathy (PVAN) is primarily caused by BKV. Few cases of PVAN have been attributed to JCV. Systematic studies on JCV replication in KT are lacking. METHODS: Out of a cohort of KT patients screened with urine cytology, patients shedding decoy cells were studied (n=103). Molecular studies demonstrated BKV, JCV, or BKV+JCV shedding in 58 (56.3%), 28 (27.2%), and 17 (16.5%), respectively. Biopsy was performed when decoy cells persisted 2 months or serum creatinine increased >20%. RESULTS: BKV viruria was strongly associated with BKV viremia (93%), PVAN (48%, P=0.01) and graft loss (P=0.03). Higher BKV viremia correlated with graft dysfunction (P=0.01), more advanced histological pattern of PVAN (P<0.0001), and more infected cells in biopsy (P=0.0001). BKV viremia of > or =10,000 copies/mL was significantly associated with histologically confirmed PVAN (P=0.0001). Reduction of immunosuppression lead to disappearance of decoy cells in patients shedding BK (>93%). JCV viruria, was more often asymptomatic (P=0.002) and affected older patients (P=0.02). JCV PVAN was less common (21.4%) and was characterized by sparse cytopathic changes but significant inflammation and fibrosis. JCV viremia was rare (14.2%), transient, and low (mean 2.0E+03/mL). After reduction of immunosuppression decoy cells persisted in >50% of patients with JCV (P=0.0001), but no graft loss occurred. During the period of the current study, the incidence of BKV-PVAN was 5.5% and the incidence of JCV-PVAN was 0.9%. CONCLUSIONS: The data point to significant differences of BKV and JCV biology regarding replication and disease in KT patients, with important implications for screening and management.