新生儿败血症的预防

1 提高孕妇的健康水平与产科的医护质量,预防新生儿败血症的发生针对特有感染途径,采取有效措施可以预防本病.做好产前保健,母亲在妊娠末期发生感染时要及时治疗.产时做到无菌操作,剪断脐带时尤其要严格消毒.可采用六氯酚液冲洗济部和所用尿布区,其浓度不应超过3%,只限于2000g以上婴儿.对难产及羊水污染严重的新生儿可用抗生素治疗.与新生儿接触的人(包括产母、医护人员等)均应先洗手,这是切断感染途径的重要方法.如环境中有各种感染的病人,应严格隔离.做好皮肤粘膜(包括脐带、口腔粘膜等)护理,可用生理盐水,3%双氧水清洁口腔,脐带可涂呋喃西林粉.新生儿的所用衣物,尿布均应经过蒸或煮消毒.护理患脓毒病产妇者,不得同时护理新生儿.母亲患脓毒性感染时,应暂停止哺乳,而以挤出的人乳或牛奶消毒后喂养婴儿.发现有皮肤化脓感染的新生儿,应立即与正常新生儿隔离.医疗器械、用品应严格消毒处理,避免医源性感染,提倡母乳喂养,哺乳前对母乳房、乳头要清洁消毒.     

兔肠系膜上动脉阻断性休克时神经肌接头的形态计量学研究

作者研究了18只兔在肠系膜上动脉阻断性休克时缝匠肌神经肌接头的改变。结果发现在电子显微镜观察下缝匠肌神经肌接头内乙酰胆碱囊泡的数密度和体密度,休克时均     

大网膜移植治疗弃骨瓣减压术后偏瘫失语的探讨

不吻合血管的大网膜移植治疗脑外伤颅内血肿弃骨瓣减压术后遗留的偏瘫失语，大网膜移植手术简单易行，具有吸收又有供血和防止粘连的作用。     

儿童输尿管炎性假瘤一例报告

泌尿生殖系炎性假瘤 (ＩＰＴ)少见 ,我们收治 1例 ,报告如下。患儿 ,男 ,9岁。因肉眼血尿 1个月 ,右侧腰痛 1周 ,伴轻度排尿刺激症状 ,于 2 0 0 1年 1 1月 8日就诊。无泌尿系统阳性体征。尿脱落细胞学检查可见异形细胞。Ｂ超示右输尿管下段实性占位 ,凸入膀胱 ,右肾重度积水。ＩＶＵ右肾 60ｍｉｎ未显影 ,膀胱右后壁可见充盈缺损。ＭＲＩ示右输尿管下段梭形占位 ,凸入膀胱 ,未侵犯周围组织。ＭＲＵ示右肾重度积水 ,膀胱图像与ＩＶＵ近似。诊断 :右侧输尿管下段占位性病变。硬膜外麻醉下探查 ,术中冰冻切片提示炎性肿物 ,但切除后输尿管缺损…     

Adipose tissues differentiated by adipose-derived stem cells harvested from transgenic mice

Objective: To induce adipocyte differentiation in vitro by adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) harvested from transgenic mice with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and assess the possibility of constructing adipose tissues via attachment of ASCs to typeⅡcollagen scaffolds. Methods: Inguinal fat pads from GFP transgenic mice were digested by enzymes for isolation of ASCs (primary culture). After expansion to three passages of ASCs, the cells were incubated in an adipogenic medium for two weeks, and the adipocyte differentiation by ASCs in vitro was assessed by morphological observation and Oil Red O staining. Then they were attached to collagen scaffolds and co-cultured for 12 hours, followed by hypodermic implantation to the dorsal skin of nude mice for 2 months. The newly-formed tissues were detected by HE staining. Results: The cultured primary stem cells were fibroblast-like and showed active proliferation. After being incubated in an adipocyte differentiation medium, the lipid droplets in the cytoplasm accumulated gradually and finally developed into mature adipocytes, which showed positive in Oil Red O staining. A 0. 5-cm3 new tissue clot was found under the dorsal skin of the nude mice and it was confirmed as mature adipose tissues by fluorescent observation and HE staining. Conclusions: ASCs can successfully differentiate adipose tissues into mature adipocytes, which exhibit an adipocyte-like morphology and express as intracytoplasmic lipid droplets. It is an efficient model of adipose tissues engineered with ASCs and type I collagen scaffolds.     

持续性脑脊液耳漏的诊断与治疗

目的：探讨持续性脑脊液耳漏的发病原因、临床表现、诊断及手术处理方法。方法：分析1987年6月－2000年12月收治26例持续性脑脊液耳漏的临床资料，男16例，女10例。成人18例，儿童8例。结果：26例中自发性脑脊液耳漏14例，因乳突及侧颅底手术引起的12例。15例伴有复发性脑膜炎。26例中25例在我院1次手术修补成功，1例听神经瘤术后脑脊液鼻漏行2次手术修补成功。结论：手术是主要的治疗方法，术中应注意颅底的修复，尤其对内听道、鼓室、咽鼓管、乳突尖等重要部位的处理，以预防术后脑脊液耳漏的发生。     

胆石性肠梗阻2例报道

肠梗阻是外科常见的疾病，而胆石性肠梗阻是少见的一种机械性肠梗阻，它的发病率仅占胆石症的0．3％～0．5％，占小肠梗阻的l％～3％。由于患者年龄较迈，合并症多，症状隐蔽、复杂，病死率明显高于一般的肠梗阻，因此为提高对本病的认识，减少病死率，现将我院收治的2例病例报道如下。     

2型糖尿病患者血清高敏感C反应蛋白水平与大血管病变的关系及辛伐他汀的干预作用

研究发现炎症在动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展中起重要作用，而C反应蛋白(CRP)是血管炎症反应的一个敏感指标。本研究定量检测血清高敏感CRP(hs—CRP)水平，以探讨血清hs—CRP水平与2型糖尿病(DM)大血管病变的关系以及辛伐他汀的干预作用。