马兜铃酸-脱氧鸟苷酸加合物的合成及质谱分析

体外合成并应用多种质谱技术鉴定了马兜铃酸(aristolochic acid，AA)-脱氧鸟苷酸(2′-deoxyguanosine 5′-monophosphate，dGp)加合物。AA经酶活化或化学活化后与dGp反应，同时优化反应条件。应用液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)以及傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(FT-ICRMS)精确质量数测定和同位素模式等检测技术对合成样品进行分析。在样品中分别检测到AA-dGp加合物准分子离子峰，子离子谱图提供了加合物结构信息。AA能在体外与dGp形成AA-dGp加合物，质谱分析方法可以快速、方便、准确分析与鉴定AA-dGp加合物。     

Inhibition of mesangial cell proliferation by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeting preproendothelin-1 mRNA in vitro

Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　Ｔｏｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎ１（ＥＴ１）ｏｎｍｅｓａｎｇｉａｌｃｅｌｌｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｏｎｉｎｖｉｔｒｏＭｅｔｈｏｄｓ　Ａｎｔｉｓｅｎｓｅｏｌｉｇｏｄｅｏｘｙｎｕｃｌｅｏｔｉｄｅ（ＡｓＯＤＮ）ａｎｄｉｔｓｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｓ,ｓｅｎｓｅ（ＳｅＯＤＮ）ａｎｄｍｉｓｍａｔｃｈ（ＭｉｓＯＤＮ）ｏｌｉｇｏｄｅｏｘｙｎｕｃｌｅｏｔｉｄｅｓ,ｔａｒｇｅｔｉｎｇｐｒｅｐｒｏｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎ１（ｐｐＥＴ１）ｍＲＮ…     

第4例轻度蛋白尿一血尿一糖尿一夜尿增多(Ⅱ)

本例的病历摘要见本刊2001年第7期第442页 分析与讨论 本例患者肾小球及肾小管功能均已受损。CCr降至 0.83 ml/s以下，SCr超过177μmol/L，提示肾小球功能损伤已 达氮质血症期；出现肾性尿糖(血糖正常，尿糖阳性)，提示近 端肾小管回吸收功能受损；夜尿增多，出现低比重及低渗透 压尿(虽有尿糖干扰，测定值仍低)，提示远端肾小管浓缩功 能受损。此外，患者尿中还多次检出颗粒管型，故可肯定此 病系肾脏疾病。患者肾功能损害至少已有半年，而且B超显 示双肾缩小(右肾更明显)，说明此肾脏疾病已为慢性。血红 蛋白略低，提示已继发轻度肾性贫血。     

云南省西双版纳地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

目的 了解我国云南省西双版纳少数民族地区成人慢性肾脏病(CKD)患病率及危险因素.方法 对该地区20岁以上常住居民进行随机分层抽样,留取晨尿,分别采用尿白蛋白,肌酐比值方法检测白蛋白尿发生率(≥30 mg/g为阳性);干化学法结合尿离心后显微镜检查法检测血尿发生率(≥3红细胞/高倍视野为阳性);以中国人简化MDRD公式计算估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)[低于60 ml·min-1·(1.73m2)-1者为eGFR异常].检测CKD相关危险因素指标.结果 符合入选条件的被调查者共5566例,白蛋白尿阳性率为8.06%;血尿阳性率为4.01%;eGFR低于60 ml·min-1(1.73 m2)-1者为2.89%;去除白蛋白尿、血尿及eGFR下降共同存在造成的重复.该地区CKD患病率为12.53%.性别、年龄、民族以及相关危险因素分层后比较结果与多因素Logistic回归分析结果一致,年龄增加、血压升高、空腹血糖升高及三酰甘油升高与白蛋白尿独立相关;年龄增加、收缩压升高与肾功能下降独立相关;年龄增加与血尿独立相关.结论 云南省西双版纳地区成人CKD患病率为12.53%,相关危险因素包括年龄增加、高血压、血糖及血脂异常.     

第一届肾素论坛会议纪要

自1898年Robert Tigerstedt教授第一次发现并命名"肾素"至今,针对肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)的研究已经有100余年了.时至今日,人们已经认识到,RAS在调节血压、维持水钠平衡及肾脏发育等方面起着重要的作用,并参与人体诸多病理生理过程.     

肾性骨营养不良的有关细胞机制

肾性骨营养不良是肾衰竭时出现的复杂骨代谢异常症候群 ,是多因素致成的骨重塑紊乱。当病人肾小球滤过率 (ＧＦＲ)减少 5 0 %时 ,约半数患者会出现骨组织学异常 ;而血液透析开始时 ,则几乎所有患者均有骨组织学异常表现。肾性骨营养不良的骨重塑紊乱可表现为重塑位点、效力及重塑周期各时相的异常 ,骨活检组织学检查对该病诊断、分型、判断疾病严重程度及指导治疗都非常重要。1　肾性骨营养不良分类依据病理生理特点可将肾性骨营养不良分为两个主要类型 :高转化骨病及低转化骨病。高转化骨病的病理组织学表现为纤维性骨炎 (ｏｓｔｅｉｔｉｓ…     

低蛋白饮食对环孢素A肾病大鼠肾间质纤维化的作用

Objective To investigate whether low-protein diet has protective effect on the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephropathy. Methods Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (6 rats in each group). The rats in control group (C group) received common diet; in model group (M group) low-salt diet; in intervention group (Ⅰ group) low-salt and low-protein diet. After diet adaptation period of one week, the rats in C group received subcutaneous injection of olive oil 1 mg/kg daily for 5 weeks, while M group and Ⅰ group subcutaneous injection of CsA (diluted into 25 g/L with olive oil) 1 ml/kg for 5 weeks. All the rats were sacrificed at the end of the 5th week. The food-intake and body weight were measured daily. The creatinine clearance (Ccr) was examined before rats were sacrificed. The semi-quantitative pathological analysis on kidney sections was performed. The mRNA and protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-βI) and type Ⅰ collagen (Col Ⅰ) in kidney tissue was determined with real time PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Results The food-intake and body weight of rats in M and I groups were significantly lower than those in C group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the Ccr levels in M and Ⅰ groups were significantly reduced [(0.65±0.15) ml/min, (0.40+0.13) ml/min vs (1.55±0.29) ml/min, P<0.05], the relative fibrosis areas of kidney interstitium in M and I groups were significantly increased (3.60%±0.46%, 3.26%±0.75% vs 0.44%±0.24%, P<0.05), the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1 in M and I group was significantly up-regulated (by 2.6 and 3.1 times in mRNA and by 1.5 and 1.6 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression of Col Ⅰ in M and I groups was also significantly up-regulated (by 3.0 and 3.5 times in mRNA and by 2.3 and 2.1 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05). There were no significant differences between M and I groups in every parameters above-mentioned except the rat body weight and Ccr. Both the body weight and Ccr in Ⅰ group were significantly lower than those in M group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the urine osmotic pressure in M group and in I group were deceased (for M group, P>0.05; for I group, P<0.05). Compared with C group, the serum cholesterol levels in M and I groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the serum phosphorus level in I group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The levels of serum albumin and serum calcium of all three groups had no statistical differences (P>0.05). Conclusion Low-protein diet has no renoprutective effects on the rat model of cyclosporin A nephropathy, on the contrary, may induce body weight loss.     

肾脏病临床撷萃(3)

IgA肾病诊断中的几个问题肾小球疾病常可作出3种诊断,即临床诊断、病理诊断及免疫病理诊断。IgA肾病是免疫病理诊断。自从80年代初国内开始报道此病以来,它已渐被人     

应用重组人红细胞生成素注射液(宁红欣)治疗肾性贫血的多中心临床试验报告

目的 为进一步验证重组人红细胞生成素注射液(宁红欣)对肾性贫血的疗效,并观察可能出现的不良反应。方法 我们组织69家医院对1115例慢性肾衰肾性贫血患者进行了多中心临床研究,采用自身对照,应用皮下及静脉方式给药进行治疗。结果 完成试验疗程者共1079例,其中显效734例(68％);有效303例(28.1％);无效42例(3.89％);总有效率为96.1％。36例患者中途退出试验。宁红欣主要不良反应有血压升高、头痛等,多数不需停药即可好转。未发现严重不良反应。非透析治疗病例用药期间未见肾功能明显变化。结论 宁红欣治疗肾性贫血安全、有效,与Ⅱ期临床试验结果相似。     

反义寡核苷酸技术在肾脏病研究中的应用

反义寡核苷酸技术在肾脏病研究中的应用李美花谌贻璞关键词反义寡核苷酸技术基因调节肾脏病中图法分类号Ｑ３４２３反义寡核苷酸是指反义ＤＮＡ，反义ＲＮＡ和核酶（Ｒｉｂｏｚｙｍｅ）等一类分子量小、可扩散的核苷酸片段和（或）化学修饰产物，它们能与互补的核苷酸...