骨髓间质干细胞对大鼠急性肾小管损伤修复的促进作用

目的 观察骨髓间质干细胞(MSCs)对氯化汞(HgCl2)导致的急性肾小管损伤有无治疗作用，并探讨其可能的机制。 方法 建立HgCl2腹腔注射导致大鼠急性肾衰竭模型。SD大鼠分为MSCs组(HgCl2+MSCs)、生理盐水组(HgCl2+生理盐水)及正常对照组。7 d后，观察体重、生存率、肾功能、肾脏病理改变，进行增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、巨噬细胞标志物ED-1和增强绿色荧光融合蛋白(EGFP)免疫组织化学染色，用RT-PCR技术检测肾组织内细胞因子的表达情况，并观察EGFP转基因的MSCs在肾脏的分布情况。 结果 MSCs组在体重、生存率、肾功能、肾脏病理改变上，均明显好于生理盐水组；肾组织内PCNA+及ED-1+细胞数明显少于生理盐水组；促进肾小管损伤修复的生长因子表皮生长因子(EGF)、血小板源生长因子(PDGF)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)在肾组织内表达明显高于生理盐水组，而促炎症因子TNF-α则明显低于生理盐水组。7 d时，间质干细胞在肾间质中偶尔可见到，而肾小管中未见。 结论 MSCs输注可促进HgCl2所致的急性肾小管损伤的修复，其作用机制可能是通过调节肾组织中细胞因子的分泌起作用，而非完全依靠转分化成肾小管上皮细胞。     

222例IgA肾病临床与病理分析

目的 回顾性分析青少年和成人IgA肾病的病理学与临床特点。方法 对222例IgA肾病,按不同年龄分为青少年组和成人组,对两组患者的临床表现及病理学特点进行分析。结果 青少年组患者以隐匿性肾炎、蛋白尿／血尿查因作为主要临床表现,其次为肾病综合征,出现慢性肾炎、肾功能损害和高血压则较少。病理表现以轻微病变型和弥漫性系膜增生型为主,肾小管间质病变相对较轻;成人组以蛋白尿／血尿查因、肾病综合征和慢性肾炎为主要表现,常伴有高血压和肾功能不全,病理表现以弥漫性系膜增殖、局灶节段增生、硬化、新月体形成为主,可见小管萎缩伴间质淋巴、单核细胞浸润。结论 IgA肾病在青少年和成人两组之间存在不同的临床和病理学特点,其病理和临床表现及肾功能变化的关系紧密。     

凝血酶对狼疮肾炎末梢血单个核细胞分泌Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响

目的探讨狼疮肾炎(LN)患者凝血活性对其Th1/Th2平衡的影响。方法LN患者20例,按红斑狼疮病情活动指数(SLEDAI)分为稳定组11例(SLEDAI<9分),活动组9例(SLEDAI≥9分)。健康对照组8例。采集末梢血单个核细胞(PBMC),进行高、低浓度凝血酶刺激下体外培养。ELISA法检测培养液上清IL-10、IFN-γ水平。RT-PCR检测IL-10和IFN-γmRNA表达。结果凝血酶呈浓度依赖性上调LN患者PBMCIL-10表达,但不影响IFN-γ表达,故增加IL-10/IFN-γ比值。结论凝血酶加重狼疮肾炎患者PBMC分泌Th1/Th2细胞因子的平衡紊乱。     

透出液蛋白丢失与连续性非卧床腹膜透析患者营养不良-炎性反应-动脉硬化综合征的相关性

Objective To investigate the impact of peritoneal albumin leakage on malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods A cross-sectional study of a cohort of 130 CAPD patients without edema or active infection was performed. In order to identify peritoneal transport characteristics in CAPD patients, a standard peritoneal equilibration test (PET) was carried out. For malnutrition and inflammation, serum albumin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were measured. Mean-carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) was used to determine atherosclerosis. Residual glomerular filtration rate (rGFR) was defined as the average of 24-hour urinary urea and creatinine clearances. Results Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis showed that peritoneal albumin leakage amount was positively correlated with age, body mass index, night dwell time, blood glucose, 4 h D/P creatinine levels and hs-CRP levels (r=0.204, P<0.05 ;r=0.314, P<0.01; r=0.265, P<0.01; r=0.212, P<0.05; r=0.401, P<0.01; r=0.216, P<0.05); whereas it was negatively correlated with diastolic perssure, serum albumin levels, glucose level of dialyzate and peritoneal Kt/V (r=-0.209, P<0.05; r=-0.123, P<0.05; r=-0.271, P<0.01; r=-0.212, P<0.01). Overall, there was no correlation between peritoneal albumin leakage and IMT. Patients was significantly greater (P<0.01), and there was a positive correlation between peritoneal albumin leakage amount and IMT (r=0.650, P<0.01). Conclusions Peritoneal albumin leakage is significantly associated with peritoneal transport characteristics, malnutrition and inflammatory state in CAPD patients. High peritoneal albumin leakage amount is a risk factor for atherosclerosis in patients with rGFR less than 1 ml·min-1(1.73 m2)-1.     

透出液蛋白丢失与连续性非卧床腹膜透析患者营养不良-炎性反应-动脉硬化综合征的相关性

Objective To investigate the impact of peritoneal albumin leakage on malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods A cross-sectional study of a cohort of 130 CAPD patients without edema or active infection was performed. In order to identify peritoneal transport characteristics in CAPD patients, a standard peritoneal equilibration test (PET) was carried out. For malnutrition and inflammation, serum albumin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were measured. Mean-carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) was used to determine atherosclerosis. Residual glomerular filtration rate (rGFR) was defined as the average of 24-hour urinary urea and creatinine clearances. Results Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis showed that peritoneal albumin leakage amount was positively correlated with age, body mass index, night dwell time, blood glucose, 4 h D/P creatinine levels and hs-CRP levels (r=0.204, P<0.05 ;r=0.314, P<0.01; r=0.265, P<0.01; r=0.212, P<0.05; r=0.401, P<0.01; r=0.216, P<0.05); whereas it was negatively correlated with diastolic perssure, serum albumin levels, glucose level of dialyzate and peritoneal Kt/V (r=-0.209, P<0.05; r=-0.123, P<0.05; r=-0.271, P<0.01; r=-0.212, P<0.01). Overall, there was no correlation between peritoneal albumin leakage and IMT. Patients was significantly greater (P<0.01), and there was a positive correlation between peritoneal albumin leakage amount and IMT (r=0.650, P<0.01). Conclusions Peritoneal albumin leakage is significantly associated with peritoneal transport characteristics, malnutrition and inflammatory state in CAPD patients. High peritoneal albumin leakage amount is a risk factor for atherosclerosis in patients with rGFR less than 1 ml·min-1(1.73 m2)-1.     

清栓抗癌灵胶囊的含量测定

本文采用二阶导数紫外光谱法测定干蝮蛇毒蛋白含量:于波长240～320nm处,△λ为4,上下范围为±0.1,测定二阶导数光谱.以峰谷法测定波长298 1nm和281 1nm之间的振幅值.将样品和对照品振幅值相比较,计算含量,平均回收率100.0%,CV=0,n=5.方法简便,准确,但需要对照品;用酶的相对活力测定含量:在底物N-对苯磺酰-L-精氨酸甲酯过剩的条件下,蝮蛇毒素催化底物水解,在257nm波长处测吸收度改变值,计算所含的相对酶活力单位.平均回收率99.6%,CV=0.6%,n=7.此法不需用对照品,能直接测定精氨酸酯酶含量.     

大鼠加速型抗肾小球基底膜（GBM）肾炎的研制

将正常兔ＩｇＧ与完全弗氏佐剂颈免疫大鼠，８天后注射亚致肾炎剂量的兔抗大鼠肾小球基底膜（ＧＢＭ）血清，结果大鼠尿蛋白量在注射该血清后第１天即明显升高，第３天达高峰；在第２１天时，血清肌酐显著升高。肾脏组织学检查：免疫荧光见第１天即有大鼠ＩｇＧ、Ｃ３和兔ＩｇＧ沿ＧＢＭ呈典型线状沉积；光镜见第１天肾小球内细胞数目明显增加，内皮细胞肿胀，肾小球内见中性粒细胞浸润，第７、１４．２１天时肾小球毛细血管丛系膜区增宽，系膜细胞增生，间质可见炎症细胞浸润，ＰＡＳＭ染色可见ＧＢＭ增厚，电镜见ＧＢＭ内有电子致密物线状沉积，上皮足突融合内皮窗孔消失，微血栓形成阻塞管腔，间质有细胞浸润和纤维化。     

几种简便快速菌尿检查方法比较

尿路感染(尿感)是一种常见病,尤其好发于女性,其发病率为2.06％。在引起尿毒症的各种疾病中,肾盂肾炎占20.3％,故提高本病的诊断水平,是临床工作的一个重要研究课题。我们将其中对快速诊断尿路感染的方法及其实用价值,报道如下。     

凝血酶活性亢进加重狼疮肾炎患者Th1/Th2平衡紊乱

Th1/Th2平衡失调在狼疮肾炎 (lupusnephritis ,LN)的发病上具有重要作用 ,但Th1/Th2平衡的偏离方向尚无定论 ,各家报道不一[1 3 ] 。LN患者存在内皮细胞损伤、凝血活性亢进已众所周知[4] ,但凝血活性与Th1/Th2平衡之间存在何种关系 ?虽然Th1/Th2平衡失调引起的免疫炎症可损伤内皮细胞 ,引起凝血活性增强[4,5] 。但是 ,LN患者增强的凝血活性对Th1/Th2平衡状态又将产生何种影响 ?本文通过观察LN患者凝血状态、Th1/Th2平衡状态以及体外凝血酶刺激后外周血单个核细胞 (PBMC)表达白细胞介素(IL) 10和干扰素 (IFN) γ的变化 ,验证L…