地震截肢伤员合并急性肾功能衰竭再次手术一例

1病历资料`` 患者,男性,18岁.因"地震致双下肢挤压伤截肢术后4 d,发现肾功能异常1 d"由地震灾区转入我院.患者于汶川地震中双下肢被倒塌墙体砸伤,致双下肢挤压伤,在当地医院予以急诊截肢术.在医院留观时发现患者血尿素氮、肌酐进行性升高,同时伴有电解质紊乱而转入我院.入院体检:T 36.3℃,HR90次/min,R 20次/min,BP 140/90 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),全身多处皮肤擦伤,重度贫血貌,左侧下肢截肢平面在大腿中段,右侧下肢截肢平面在大腿中下1/3, 伤口分别留置4根"T"形管引流,引流物为血性液体,阴囊肿胀.     

成人腰椎峡部裂型滑脱症的微创治疗

Objective To investigate the clinical experiences and technical skills of adult isthmic spondylolisthesis. Methods Twenty-one patients with adult isthmic spondylolisthesis underwent minimally invasive surgery. There were 12 men and 9 women, with the mean age of 51.7 years. Isthmic spondylolisthe-sis occurred at the L4.5 in 7 patients, and at the L5S1 in 14 patients. According to Meyerding classification, 13 cases were of Grade Ⅰ, 7 of Grade Ⅱ, 1 of Grade Ⅲ. Under general anesthesia, guiding by fluoroscopy, the surgeries performed minimally invasive microendoscopic(METRx) techniques for posterior decompression, interbody cage fusion and novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw techniques for deformity reduction and fixation. Results Seventeen cases were followed up 1 year postoperatively. The average low back pain VAS reduced from preoperative 6.0±2.6 to postoperative 2.9±2.5. The average leg pain VAS decreased from preoperative 6.7±3.3 to postoperative 2.8±1.6. The average ODI decreased from preoperative 44.3% to post-operative 27.1%. The Nakai good and excellent rate was 90%. The mean operative time 170 min, blood loss 160 ml, and postoperative stay in bed 7.5 d. The sagittal spondylolisthesis rate significantly decreased from preoperative 35.5%±2.5% to postoperative 8.3%±7.5%. The lordotic angle from preoperative 11.5°±1.7° in-creased to postoperative 16.8°±9.5°; the intervertebral disc height from preoperative (5.4±2.5) mm increased to postoperative (9.1±3.0) mm. According to Lenke judgement for fusion, complete fusion rate was 76%, in-complete fusion rate was 12%, nonfusion rate was 12%. Conclusion The minimally invasive microendo-scopic (METRx) assisted with a novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw systems for deformity reduction and fixation to treat adult isthmic spondylolisthesis, is not only a minimally invasive and safe surgical tech-nique, also an effective treatment for deformity reduction and fixation.     

仿生髓核组织工程支架材料的在体组织性能研究

[目的]初步评价自行设计构建的仿生髓核组织工程支架材料-CHCS支架的在体组织性能。[方法]以单层培养的传1代髓核细胞为种子细胞,体外初步构建细胞-CHCS支架复合体,并植入摘除髓核的椎间盘内,观察椎间隙的高度、相应节段生物力学性能以及组织学改变。[结果]成功构建了细胞-CHCS支架复合体,植入摘除髓核的椎间盘内,髓核细胞能够成功地合成和分泌PG等细胞外基质。在12周时,细胞-支架复合体初步形成了解剖学上的髓核样结构。8周后能有效缓解椎间隙高度的下降和抗压、屈曲、伸直强度的降低。[结论]所构建的细胞-支架复合体对于椎间盘的退变有一定的延缓作用。同时表明所构建的CHCS支架具有良好的在体组织性能。     

成人腰椎峡部裂型滑脱症的微创治疗

Objective To investigate the clinical experiences and technical skills of adult isthmic spondylolisthesis. Methods Twenty-one patients with adult isthmic spondylolisthesis underwent minimally invasive surgery. There were 12 men and 9 women, with the mean age of 51.7 years. Isthmic spondylolisthe-sis occurred at the L4.5 in 7 patients, and at the L5S1 in 14 patients. According to Meyerding classification, 13 cases were of Grade Ⅰ, 7 of Grade Ⅱ, 1 of Grade Ⅲ. Under general anesthesia, guiding by fluoroscopy, the surgeries performed minimally invasive microendoscopic(METRx) techniques for posterior decompression, interbody cage fusion and novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw techniques for deformity reduction and fixation. Results Seventeen cases were followed up 1 year postoperatively. The average low back pain VAS reduced from preoperative 6.0±2.6 to postoperative 2.9±2.5. The average leg pain VAS decreased from preoperative 6.7±3.3 to postoperative 2.8±1.6. The average ODI decreased from preoperative 44.3% to post-operative 27.1%. The Nakai good and excellent rate was 90%. The mean operative time 170 min, blood loss 160 ml, and postoperative stay in bed 7.5 d. The sagittal spondylolisthesis rate significantly decreased from preoperative 35.5%±2.5% to postoperative 8.3%±7.5%. The lordotic angle from preoperative 11.5°±1.7° in-creased to postoperative 16.8°±9.5°; the intervertebral disc height from preoperative (5.4±2.5) mm increased to postoperative (9.1±3.0) mm. According to Lenke judgement for fusion, complete fusion rate was 76%, in-complete fusion rate was 12%, nonfusion rate was 12%. Conclusion The minimally invasive microendo-scopic (METRx) assisted with a novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw systems for deformity reduction and fixation to treat adult isthmic spondylolisthesis, is not only a minimally invasive and safe surgical tech-nique, also an effective treatment for deformity reduction and fixation.     

成人腰椎峡部裂型滑脱症的微创治疗

Objective To investigate the clinical experiences and technical skills of adult isthmic spondylolisthesis. Methods Twenty-one patients with adult isthmic spondylolisthesis underwent minimally invasive surgery. There were 12 men and 9 women, with the mean age of 51.7 years. Isthmic spondylolisthe-sis occurred at the L4.5 in 7 patients, and at the L5S1 in 14 patients. According to Meyerding classification, 13 cases were of Grade Ⅰ, 7 of Grade Ⅱ, 1 of Grade Ⅲ. Under general anesthesia, guiding by fluoroscopy, the surgeries performed minimally invasive microendoscopic(METRx) techniques for posterior decompression, interbody cage fusion and novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw techniques for deformity reduction and fixation. Results Seventeen cases were followed up 1 year postoperatively. The average low back pain VAS reduced from preoperative 6.0±2.6 to postoperative 2.9±2.5. The average leg pain VAS decreased from preoperative 6.7±3.3 to postoperative 2.8±1.6. The average ODI decreased from preoperative 44.3% to post-operative 27.1%. The Nakai good and excellent rate was 90%. The mean operative time 170 min, blood loss 160 ml, and postoperative stay in bed 7.5 d. The sagittal spondylolisthesis rate significantly decreased from preoperative 35.5%±2.5% to postoperative 8.3%±7.5%. The lordotic angle from preoperative 11.5°±1.7° in-creased to postoperative 16.8°±9.5°; the intervertebral disc height from preoperative (5.4±2.5) mm increased to postoperative (9.1±3.0) mm. According to Lenke judgement for fusion, complete fusion rate was 76%, in-complete fusion rate was 12%, nonfusion rate was 12%. Conclusion The minimally invasive microendo-scopic (METRx) assisted with a novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw systems for deformity reduction and fixation to treat adult isthmic spondylolisthesis, is not only a minimally invasive and safe surgical tech-nique, also an effective treatment for deformity reduction and fixation.     

成人腰椎峡部裂型滑脱症的微创治疗

Objective To investigate the clinical experiences and technical skills of adult isthmic spondylolisthesis. Methods Twenty-one patients with adult isthmic spondylolisthesis underwent minimally invasive surgery. There were 12 men and 9 women, with the mean age of 51.7 years. Isthmic spondylolisthe-sis occurred at the L4.5 in 7 patients, and at the L5S1 in 14 patients. According to Meyerding classification, 13 cases were of Grade Ⅰ, 7 of Grade Ⅱ, 1 of Grade Ⅲ. Under general anesthesia, guiding by fluoroscopy, the surgeries performed minimally invasive microendoscopic(METRx) techniques for posterior decompression, interbody cage fusion and novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw techniques for deformity reduction and fixation. Results Seventeen cases were followed up 1 year postoperatively. The average low back pain VAS reduced from preoperative 6.0±2.6 to postoperative 2.9±2.5. The average leg pain VAS decreased from preoperative 6.7±3.3 to postoperative 2.8±1.6. The average ODI decreased from preoperative 44.3% to post-operative 27.1%. The Nakai good and excellent rate was 90%. The mean operative time 170 min, blood loss 160 ml, and postoperative stay in bed 7.5 d. The sagittal spondylolisthesis rate significantly decreased from preoperative 35.5%±2.5% to postoperative 8.3%±7.5%. The lordotic angle from preoperative 11.5°±1.7° in-creased to postoperative 16.8°±9.5°; the intervertebral disc height from preoperative (5.4±2.5) mm increased to postoperative (9.1±3.0) mm. According to Lenke judgement for fusion, complete fusion rate was 76%, in-complete fusion rate was 12%, nonfusion rate was 12%. Conclusion The minimally invasive microendo-scopic (METRx) assisted with a novel Sextant-R percutaneous pedicle screw systems for deformity reduction and fixation to treat adult isthmic spondylolisthesis, is not only a minimally invasive and safe surgical tech-nique, also an effective treatment for deformity reduction and fixation.     

仿生髓核组织工程材料支架对体外培养髓核细胞合成代谢的影响

目的：观察自行设计构建的仿生髓核组织工程材料——CⅡ／HyA-CS（CHCS）支架对体外培养髓核细胞合成代谢的影响。方法：将体外培养的传1代髓核细胞接种于培养瓶内，置入CHCS支架，体外培养10d后，分别测定^3H-脯氨酸掺入量、培养液中糖胺聚糖（GAG）含量、髓核细胞可凝集蛋白多糖（Aggrecan）、核多糖（Decorin）、二聚糖（Biglycan）的mRNA表达及Aggrecan的蛋白表达等。结果：实验组与对照组的^3H-脯氨酸掺入量、培养液中GAG含量、髓核细胞Aggrecan、Decorin、Biglycan mRNA表达、Aggrecan蛋白表达等均无统计学差异。结论：CHCS支架对体外培养髓核细胞的合成代谢无明显抑制作用。     

动态锁定螺钉在肱骨干骨折中的临床应用

目的:比较动态锁定螺钉与普通螺钉在治疗肱骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法 :回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年10月诊治的46例肱骨干骨折患者的临床资料,根据内固定物不同分为动态锁定螺钉内固定组(治疗组)和普通螺钉内固定组(对照组)。其中治疗组24例,男14例,女10例,年龄20～61(36.8±10.9)岁;对照组22例,男13例,女9例,年龄19～60(35.9±12.8)岁。比较两组患者手术切口长度、手术时间、出血量、骨折愈合时间及并发症情况,并于术后3、9个月采用肩关节Constant-Murley评分和肘关节功能Mayo评分进行临床评价。结果:46例患者获得随访,时间9～43(18.6±7.9)个月。两组切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗组骨折愈合时间为(12.2±3.2)周,对照组为(15.6±4.7)周;治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组术后3个月肩关节Constant-Murley评分、Mayo评分分别为(84.9±5.9)分、(81.8±6.7)分,对照组分别为(74.6±9.2)分、(71.5±10.7)分;两组比较...     

口腔医学专业本科生实践教学通科培养模式考量

目的探讨通科培养模式在口腔医学专业本科生实践教学中的利弊及实现途径。方法对南方医科大学2005级、2006级、2007级安排至广东省口腔医院临床实习的口腔医学专业本科生进行通科培养,分析教学效果。结果通科培养模式使学生出科时能更好地掌握教学大纲的内容,临床操作更加规范。结论通科培养模式在口腔医学专业本科生实践教学中具有积极意义。     

不同鼓膜成形术治疗慢性化脓性中耳炎静止期的临床分析

目的探讨慢性化脓性中耳炎静止期患者采用不同鼓膜成形术的疗效分析,为手术术式选择提供参考。方法收集2010年1月~2013年12月完成鼓膜成形术,术后随访3个月且资料完整的212例患者,其中小穿孔（<3 mm）29例,中穿孔（3~6 mm）53例,大穿孔（>6 mm）79例,完全穿孔51例。按照患者鼓膜穿孔大小选择不同鼓膜修补手术方法,其中脂肪修补10例,内植法（经耳道）13例,全翻内植法47例,内外植法48例,夹层法80例,外植法14例。术后3个月判断其临床疗效。结果一期愈合95．7％(203例),钝角愈合1.9%（4例）,未愈合2.4%（5例）;术后对鼓膜穿孔大、小、完全穿孔患者采取不同鼓膜修补方式进行比较,患者手术前后鼓膜愈合和气导PTA提高比较,差异无统计学无意义（P>0.05）;鼓膜中穿孔患者采取的3种修补手术方法中,鼓膜愈合数比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,而对于采用夹层法和内外植法的气导PTA提高比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论术者应掌握多种不同鼓膜成形术方法,根据鼓膜穿孔的大小、位置和外耳道的宽窄、曲直,灵活选用,最大程度的恢复鼓膜的完整性和功能。