2010－2017年湖北省荆州市逐日气温对手足口病发病的影响

目的探讨湖北省荆州市逐日气温对手足口病发病的影响。方法收集2010 — 2017年荆州市手足口病日发病数和同期气象资料,首先采用Spearman等级相关分析荆州市主要气象因子与手足口病日平均发病数的相关关系,然后采用分布滞后非线性模型分析不同滞后天数、气温与手足口病发病的关联性。 以气温3.41 ℃（P₅）为参照,估计较低气温9.76 ℃（P₂₅）、平均气温18.35 ℃（P₅₀）、高温30.96 ℃（P₉₅）对手足口病发病造成的影响,同时分析气温对手足口病发病的累计滞后效应。结果2010 — 2017年荆州市累计报告手足口病48 591例。 手足口病日平均发病数与日平均气温、日降水量、日平均气压、日相对湿度和风速存在相关关系。 气温与手足口病日平均发病例数的暴露反应关系曲线呈倒“U”形,在18.19 ℃效应值最大为2.67（95%CI:2.12 ~ 3.37）。 气温为9.76 ℃（P₂₅）、18.35 ℃（P₅₀）和30.96 ℃（P₉₅）时,相对危险度（RR）＞1.00对应滞后时间分别为6 ~ 19 d,6 ~ 21 d和0 d。 气温5.17 ℃（P₁₀）、9.76 ℃（P₂₅）、18.35 ℃（P₅₀）和25.21 ℃（P₉₅）在lag0 ~ 21 d的累计滞后效应值最大,分别为1.11（1.04 ~ 1.19）、1.56（1.31 ~ 1.86）、2.67（2.12 ~ 3.37）和1.58（1.19 ~ 2.10）。结论平均温度能显著增加荆州市手足口病发病风险,高温和较低气温能降低手足口病发病风险,对手足口病发病的影响呈非线性且具有滞后性。     

Millimeter-wave exposure promotes the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells into cells with a neural phenotype

This study investigated the ability of millimeter-wave （MMW） to promote the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs） into cells with a neural phenotype. The BMSCs were primarily cultured. At passage 3, the cells were induced by β-mercaptoethanol （BME） in combination with MMW or BME alone. The expressions of nucleostemin （NS） and neuron-specific enolase （NSE） were detected by immunofluorescent staining and Western blotting respectively to identify the differentiation. The untreated BMSCs predominately expressed NS. After induced by BME and MMW, the BMSCs exhibited a dramatic decrease in NS expression and increase in NSE expression. The differentiation rate of the cells treated with BME and MMW in combination was significantly higher than that of the cells treated with BME alone （P〈0.05）. It was concluded that MMW exposure enhanced the inducing effect of BME on the differentiation of BMSCs into cells with a neural phenotype.