联合检测抗CCP、RF、抗RA33在类风湿关节炎的临床应用

目的:探讨抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体（抗CCP）、类风湿因子（RF）、抗RA33抗体联合检测在类风湿关节炎（RA）诊断中意义。方法:选取在我院确诊RA患者266例、非RA风湿病患者228例（结缔组织病、强直性脊柱炎、骨关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、干燥综合征）、健康体检者215名,检测3组抗CCP、RF、抗RA33数值,统计各指标阳性率,并进行统计学分析比较;通过Spearman 相关分析探讨各指标之间的关系;ROC曲线比较各指标的诊断性能;通过平行试验与系列实验探讨3项指标联合检测RA的诊断效能。结果:RA患者各指标数值均显著高于非RA自身免疫疾病患者与健康对照组（P ＜0.01）;Spearman相关分析显示RA患者抗CCP与抗RA33之间不存在关系,RF与抗CCP、RF与抗RA33之间存在显著相关性（P ＜0.01）;ROC曲线分析显示,抗CCP、RF、抗RA33的AUC值分别为0.942、0.922、0.653;3项指标中,阳性率:RF＞抗CCP＞抗RA33,敏感度:RF＞抗CCP＞抗RA33,特异度:抗RA33＞抗CCP＞RF;平行试验敏感度增高（98.50%）,但特异度降低（64.91%）,系列实验敏感度为15.41%,特异度为98.68%。结论:抗CCP、RF、抗RA33联合检测可提高诊断RA的敏感度与特异性,适用于RA的早期诊断,临床上值得推广使用。     

腰椎关节突三维角度与单节段同水平腰椎间盘突出相关性研究

目的:探讨腰椎关节突三维角度与单节段同水平腰椎间盘突出的相关性。方法:选取2018年6月—2019年6月我院收治的单纯性单节段腰间盘突出患者105例,选取同期无腰椎疾病患者60例为对照 组。采用CT及X线测定腰椎3个平面L3～S1关节突角度。随后采用Fujiwara标准进行分级,按照腰椎间盘突出等级分为3组对比滑脱程度。结果:在横断面上,腰椎间盘突出患者关节突不对称比率明显大于 对照组（P ＜0.05）,且关节突角更偏矢状位。在冠状位上,腰椎间盘突出患者两侧关节突不对称比率明显大于对照组（P ＜0.05）,且小关节角更偏竖直位。在矢状位上,腰椎间盘突出患者更偏水平 位（P ＜0.05）。腰椎间盘突出患者关节突存在不同程度的突出（Ⅱ～Ⅳ度）,按照关节突关节的突出等级将腰椎间盘突出患者分为3组,各组间突出指数差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）。腰椎间盘突出 患者关节突角度与突出程度具有相关性（r=0.755,P＜0.05）。结论:腰椎关节突角度与单节段同水平腰椎间盘突出具有一定的相关性。     

Impact of statin therapy on late target lesion revascularization after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation (from the CREDO-Kyoto Registry Cohort-2)

Therapeutic strategies preventing late target lesion revascularization (TLR) after drug-eluting stent implantation have not been yet adequately investigated. In 13,087 consecutive patients undergoing first percutaneous coronary intervention in the CREDO-Kyoto Registry Cohort-2, we identified 10,221 patients who were discharged alive after implantation of sirolimus-eluting stents (SESs) only (SES stratum 5,029) or bare-metal stents (BMSs) only (BMS stratum 5,192). Impact of statin therapy at time of discharge from the index hospitalization on early (within the first year) and late (1 year to 4 years) TLR, was assessed in the SES stratum (statin group 2,735; nonstatin group 2,294) and in the BMS stratum (statin group 2,576; nonstatin group 2,616). Despite a significantly lower incidence of early TLR (7.8% vs 22.2%, p <0.0001), SES use compared to BMS use was associated with a significantly higher incidence of late TLR (7.7% vs 3.0%, p <0.0001). In the SES and BMS strata, the incidence of early TLR was similar regardless of statin use. In the SES stratum, the incidence of late TLR was significantly lower in the statin group than in the nonstatin group (6.1% vs 9.6%, p = 0.002), whereas no significant difference was found in the BMS stratum (2.6% vs 3.3%, p = 0.38). After adjusting confounders, risk for late TLR significantly favored statin use in the SES stratum (hazard ratio 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.54 to 0.98, p = 0.04), whereas the risk decrease was not significant in the BMS stratum (hazard ratio 0.74, 95% confidence interval 0.46 to 1.20, p = 0.23). In conclusion, statin therapy at hospital discharge was associated with a significantly lower risk for late TLR after SES implantation.     

Prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of conservative medical management in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes in Gulf RACE-2

We assessed the prevalence, predictors, and in-hospital and long-term outcomes of conservative medical management for patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) compared with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). This prospective study conducted from October 2008 to June 2009 in 65 hospitals from 6 Arabian Gulf countries included 30-day and 1-year mortality follow-up for 3661 patients. Compared with conservative management group (2859 patients; 78.1%), the PCI group (638; 17.4%) had significantly better unadjusted and adjusted in-hospital (odds ratio [OR]: 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17-0.97), 30-day (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24-0.76) and 1-year (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.40-0.87) mortality rates. Comparison with the CABG group (164; 4.5%) yielded similar results with inclusion of patients scheduled for CABG after hospital discharge. Independent predictors of conservative medical management were mainly country of residence and history of prior CABG.     

Management of bleeding in acquired hemophilia A: results from the European Acquired Haemophilia (EACH2) Registry

Acquired hemophilia A is a rare bleeding disorder caused by autoantibodies to coagulation FVIII. Bleeding episodes at presentation are spontaneous and severe in most cases. Optimal hemostatic therapy is controversial, and available data are from observational and retrospective studies only. The EACH2 registry, a multicenter, pan-European, Web-based database, reports current patient management. The aim was to assess the control of first bleeding episodes treated with a bypassing agent (rFVIIa or aPCC), FVIII, or DDAVP among 501 registered patients. Of 482 patients with one or more bleeding episodes, 144 (30%) received no treatment for bleeding; 31 were treated with symptomatic therapy only. Among 307 patients treated with a first-line hemostatic agent, 174 (56.7%) received rFVIIa, 63 (20.5%) aPCC, 56 (18.2%) FVIII, and 14 (4.6%) DDAVP. Bleeding was controlled in 269 of 338 (79.6%) patients treated with a first-line hemostatic agent or ancillary therapy alone. Propensity score matching was applied to allow unbiased comparison between treatment groups. Bleeding control was significantly higher in patients treated with bypassing agents versus FVIII/DDAVP (93.3% vs 68.3%; P = .003). Bleeding control was similar between rFVIIa and aPCC (93.0%; P = 1). Thrombotic events were reported in 3.6% of treated patients with a similar incidence between rFVIIa (2.9%) and aPCC (4.8%).     

Immunosuppression for acquired hemophilia A: results from the European Acquired Haemophilia Registry (EACH2)

Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is an autoimmune disease caused by an autoantibody to factor VIII. Patients are at risk of severe and fatal hemorrhage until the inhibitor is eradicated, and guidelines recommend immunosuppression as soon as the diagnosis has been made. The optimal immunosuppressive regimen is unclear; therefore, data from 331 patients entered into the prospective EACH2 registry were analyzed. Steroids combined with cyclophosphamide resulted in more stable complete remission (70%), defined as inhibitor undetectable, factor VIII more than 70 IU/dL and immunosuppression stopped, than steroids alone (48%) or rituximab-based regimens (59%). Propensity score-matched analysis controlling for age, sex, factor VIII level, inhibitor titer, and underlying etiology confirmed that stable remission was more likely with steroids and cyclophosphamide than steroids alone (odds ratio = 3.25; 95% CI, 1.51-6.96; P < .003). The median time to complete remission was approximately 5 weeks for steroids with or without cyclophosphamide; rituximab-based regimens required approximately twice as long. Immunoglobulin administration did not improve outcome. Second-line therapy was successful in approximately 60% of cases that failed first-line therapy. Outcome was not affected by the choice of first-line therapy. The likelihood of achieving stable remission was not affected by underlying etiology but was influenced by the presenting inhibitor titer and FVIII level.