甾类药物生物脱氢技术研究新进展

甾类药物是医药工业中重要的一大门类,通常以甾体母核结构为基础,通过化学法或生物法合成,其中微生物转化是许多甾类药物或其中间体合成路线中关键的环节.此文对甾类药物生物转化脱氢反应涉及的催化剂类型、转化率提高的途径、新型生物脱氢反应体系等方面进行了综述.     

导管法心内膜心肌活体组织检查三例心肌疾病报告

自1962年榊原、今野氏等应用导管法进行心内膜心肌活体组织检查以来,由于本法安全、易操作,国外已广泛应用。1981年7月7日—8日,日本东京女子医大关口守卫教授等来所共同做心内膜心肌活检三例,现报告如下:病例摘要例1:高××,女,29岁,工人, 6个月前开始胸闷、气短、心悸,活动后尤甚。10天前     

泌尿外科老年患者心电图异常时手术适应症的选择

心电图异常的老年患者手术适应症的选择,是颇为棘手的问题。为能较正确地判定心电图异常的老年患者的心脏功能,从而恰当地选择手术适应症,我们对16名心电图异常的老年患者,于手术前后进行了有关心脏功能的观察。临床资料本组16例均为男性,年龄:60～69岁8例,70～79岁6例,80岁以上2例。诊断及术式:肾癌肾切除1例,输尿管癌行肾输尿管及膀胱部分切除1例,膀胱癌全切单侧输尿管腹壁管状皮肤造口术2例,膀胱部分切除1例,前列腺增生症行前列腺切除11例,其中并尿潴留9例,慢性气管炎肺气肿3例。     

Effects of Jinmaitong Capsule (筋脉通胶囊) on Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor in Sciatic Nerves of Diabetes Mellitus Rats

Objective:To study the effects of the Chinese medicine Jinmaitong Capsule(筋脉通胶囊,JMT) on the pathomorphology of sciatic nerves,ciliary neurotrophic factor(CNTF),and the mRNA expressions of CNTF in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus(STZ-DM).Methods:The animal model was established by one time intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.The rats were simply divided by random into 5 groups including model group,low-dose JMT group(JL),medium-dose JMT group(JM),high-dose JMT group(JH) and neurotropin group.For each of the above 5 groups,a group of 10 normal Wistar rats matched in body weight,age and gender were set as normal group.Intragastric administrations were started after the animal model established.The JL group were administered with five times the JMT dose recommended for a human adult;the JM group were administered with ten times the JMT dose recommended for a human adult;the JH group were administered with twenty times the JMT dose recommended for a human adult.The neurotropin group was administered with ten times the neurotropin dose recommended for a human adult.All rats were given intragastric administration for 16 weeks and then killed.In the 4th,8th,12th,16th week,body weight and blood glucose level were detected before and after the intervention.The morphologic changes of the sciatic nerves were observed by optical microscope and transmission electron microscope.The CNTFmRNA expressions were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain protein,and the CNTF protein expressions were detected by immunohistochemical method.Results:The blood glucose levels of the STZ-DM rats were much higher than normal group(P<0.01),and there was no apparent difference between any treatment groups and the model group(P>0.05).Before and after the intervention in the 4th, 8th,12th,16th week,there were no significant differences in the body weight among all the groups(P>0.05). The sciatic nerves of STZ-DM rats might have pathomorphological changes in axons,myelin sheaths,and interstitium.The levels of CNTF and CNTF-mRNA expressions in the STZ-DM rats were both significantly decreased(P<0.01).The sciatic nerves of STZ-DM rats might have pathomorphological changes in axons, myelin sheaths,and interstitium.Conclusion:JMT could improve the pathomorphology of sciatic nerves by increasing CNTF’s and CNTF-mRNA expressions in sciatic nerve tissues,and promote the repair and regeneration of damaged nerve fibers.     

筋脉通对糖尿病大鼠坐骨神经NADPH氧化酶p22-phox亚基表达的影响

目的观察中药筋脉通对糖尿病大鼠坐骨神经NADPH氧化酶p22-phox亚基表达的影响。方法将STZ诱导的糖尿病大鼠随机分为模型组,维生素C组,筋脉通小、中、大剂量组,并设立正常对照组,连续灌胃16周。检测各组治疗前及治疗后4、8、12、16周的体重、血糖;测定第16周时大鼠机械痛阈值;采用免疫组化法测定大鼠坐骨神经NADPH氧化酶p22-phox亚基的表达,并进行半定量分析。结果与正常组相比,各组糖尿病大鼠体重均显著下降(P<0.01),血糖均明显升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,各治疗组大鼠体重及血糖在各时间点均无显著差异(P>0.05)。与正常组相比,模型组、VC组、筋脉通小、大剂量组机械痛阈值显著降低(P<0.01);各治疗组机械痛阈值较模型组均明显升高(P<0.01);与VC组比较,筋脉通中剂量组机械痛阈值显著升高(P<0.01)。与正常组相比,模型组及各治疗组p22亚基的IOD值明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);各治疗组p22亚基的IOD值较模型组均显著降低(P<0.01);与VC组比较,筋脉通中、大剂量组p22亚基IOD值显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论筋脉通能显著降低大鼠坐骨神经NADPH氧化酶p22-phox亚基的表达。     

菟箭合剂含药血清对高糖条件培养的肾小球系膜细胞磷酸化Akt和PTEN的作用

目的观察中药菟箭合剂含药血清对高糖条件培养的大鼠系膜细胞(MC)磷酸化Akt和PTEN的作用。方法将大鼠肾小球系膜细胞分为正常对照组、高糖条件培养组和高糖条件培养+4个不同浓度菟箭合剂含药血清组,不同条件培养液培养72h后用双夹心ELISA法检测细胞内磷酸化Akt(Thr308)和磷酸化PTEN(Ser380)含量。结果高糖组MC磷酸化Akt(Thr308)水平显著高于正常对照组(P0.01),菟箭合剂含药血清干预的MC磷酸化Akt水平显著低于高糖组(P0.01),且有明显的量效关系。高糖组MC磷酸化PTEN(Ser380)水平显著低于正常组MC(P0.01),各种浓度菟箭合剂含药血清组PTEN水平均高于高糖组,且呈现量效关系。结论中药菟箭合剂具有提高高糖培养的MC细胞内PTEN水平,抑制Akt激活的作用。     

辅酶Q_(10)的生物合成途径及发酵工艺优化

辅酶Q10作为生物体有氧呼吸链中不可缺少的电子递氢体,广泛应用于生物医药、化妆品和保健品等领域。微生物发酵法生产辅酶Q10具有产物活性高、原料成本低等优点。此文对辅酶Q10的生物合成途径和发酵工艺优化进行了综述。     

CARTO XP系统中CARTO电解剖图的数据提取

利用CARTO XP系统指导心房颤动消融手术是当今临床研究的热点,手术消融的最终效果取决于心脏CT图像与CARTO XP系统生成的电解剖图的配准精度.然而,由于CARTO XP系统图像文件为专属的dicm格式,现有的DICOM浏览器只能读取三维CARTO电解剖图在某一体位的二维截图,相关研究非常少,数据格式的不兼容严重阻碍了心脏CT与CARTO电解剖图的算法研究.本文在详细阐述CARTO电解剖图像格式的基础上,给出用MATLAB提取相应数据信息的具体方法,然后根据标测点位置信息重建出心腔内壁关键点的三维点图.本方法避免了使用仿真软件绘制CARTO电解剖图形带来的主观性差异,为后续的配准算法研究提供了很好的实际数据支持.     

筋脉通对糖尿病大鼠周围神经组织诱导型一氧化氮合酶和硝基酪氨酸表达的影响

目的:观察中药复方筋脉通对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠坐骨神经诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric ox-ide synthase,iNOS)和硝基酪氨酸(nitro tyrosine,NT)蛋白表达的影响。方法:采用链尿佐菌素一次性腹腔内注射的方法造模,随机分为模型对照组、筋脉通低、中、高剂量组、维生素C组及正常对照组。成模后予灌胃给药,筋脉通低、中、高剂量组分别按成人剂量5,10,20倍给药;维生素C组按成人剂量10倍给药;模型组和对照组予灌服蒸馏水。所有实验大鼠于灌胃16周后处死。采用免疫组化染色法测定坐骨神经iNOS和NT蛋白的表达。结果:糖尿病大鼠坐骨神经iNOS和NT蛋白表达均明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);与模型组比较,各治疗组iNOS和NT蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),其中筋脉通中剂量组作用明显优于维生素C组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:筋脉通能够下调糖尿病大鼠坐骨神经iNOS和NT的蛋白表达。     

退变性与峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症患者脊柱-骨盆复合体矢状面形态学及生活质量的比较

BACKGROUND: Due to different pathogenesis of degenerative and isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis, the differences in sagittal spino-pelvic morphology and life quality between them are still unclear.