五种松质骨理化性质的比较

BACKGROUND: Existing evidence has shown that xenogeneic bone derived graft materials have the ability to repair bone defects, but little report is on the comparison of composition of xenogeneic bone and human bone. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the chemical composition, mineral phase, calcium and phosphorus contents, total protein contents, and appearance of the cancellous bones of the tibia from pig, bovine and human. METHODS:Cancellous bones of the tibia from pig, Banna miniature pig, bovine, young and old people were cut into bone particles of 0.5 cm×0.5 cm×0.5 cm. After degreasing or drying treatment, chemical composition, mineral phase, calcium and phosphorus contents, total protein contents of bone particles were detected using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, plasma emission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Kjeldahl method, respectively. Nano Measurer 1.2 and Photoshop cs6 were used to measure pore diameter and porosity rate based on the results of scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The main inorganic phase of five kinds of cancellous bones was hydroxyapatite and the main chemical composition was phosphate and carbonate. The calcium content of the bovine cancellous bonewas lower than that of the other cancellous bones (P < 0.05) and the phosphorus content of the cacellous bone of young man was higher than that of the pig and bovine cancellous bones (P < 0.01). The total protein content in the cancellous bones of normal pig and Banna miniature pig was higher than that in the other three kinds of cancellous bones (P < 0.05). The pore diameter of five kinds of cancellous bones was 400 to 600 μm and the porosity rate was 60% to 70%. Moreover, the porosity rate of the bovine cancellous bone was the highest. Therefore, we conclude that there are some certain differences in the organic and inorganic components of the pig or bovine cancellous bones as compared with humans. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

加速康复外科的理念在老年腹股沟疝手术中的应用

加速康复外科（CFTS）的理念已在多种手术中得到证实,在结直肠癌中的研究较多,近年来在国内此理念开始被逐渐接受。本研究选用53例老年腹股沟疝患者作对照分析,观察无张力疝修补术实施加速康复的外科治疗安全性及有效性。     

肌骨超声在偏瘫肩痛软组织损伤诊疗中的应用研究进展

肌骨超声是偏瘫肩痛软组织损伤诊疗重要方式,其能在高频探头诊疗设备的支撑下,快速便捷的显示肌肉、肌腱、韧带、滑囊及外周神经等结构的损伤情况,这对于偏瘫肩痛软组织损伤临床治疗意义重大.文章在回顾偏瘫肩痛软组织损伤肌骨超声诊疗文献资料的基础上,就偏瘫肩痛发病机制展开分析,肌骨超声能在超声诊断技术的支撑下,就肩部区域解剖位置、...     

非肥胖非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病红细胞胰岛素受体与血脂血电解质的关系

非肥胖NIDDM病人红细胞胰岛素受体的4个参数Q_1、K_1、Q_2、K_2与血浆脂类、离子及微量元素的关系为:1.高亲和力胰岛素受体结合位点数目(Q_1)在血浆HDL_2或血镁水平高时可能增多;而在血锶水平高时可能减少。2.高亲和力胰岛素受体亲和常数(K_1)在血钙水平高时可能降低;血铜高时有降低趋势。3.低亲和力胰岛素受体结合位点数目(Q_2)在血锶水平高时可能减少;血铝水平高时可能增多。4.低亲和力胰岛素受体亲和常数(K_2)在血总胆固醇水平高时可能升高;而在血铝水平高时可能下降。提示这些微量元素对NIDDM病人的红细胞胰岛素受体结合可能均有抑制作用。     

足趾移植多手指再造相关问题的探讨

目的 研究多个手指缺损应用足趾移植再造的相关技术,以提高其疗效.方法 从1980年1月至2010年2月,我院进行足趾移植拇手指再造共计1 597例1 974指,对其中2指以上的多指再造354例731指进行了系统的回顾性分析.从手术适应证的掌握、手术方法及术后功能恢复等方面寻找规律,总结经验.结果 术后731指存活725指,失败6指,成活率为99%.29例术后发生血管危象,进行了再次手术探查.35例获得6个月至11年的随访,均恢复了较好的外形和手功能,胜任各种工作,患者满意.结论 多手指的缺损对患手功能和外观影响较大,要根据患手条件、患者年龄和本人意愿,选择合适的再造方案,最大限度地为患者再造一个接近正常的手.

Abstract：

Objective To study the relevant techniques of multi-finger reconstruction by toe-to-hand transfer and discuss the approaches to achieve better results. Methods A systemic review of 1 597 cases (1 974 fingers) of finger reconstruction by toe-to-hand transfer done during the period of January 1980 to February 2010 in our hospital was carried out. Among these, 354 cases (731 fingers) underwent multi-finger reconstruction (more than two fingers). They were analyzed retrospectively in respects of surgical indication,surgical methods, and postoperative functional recovery in order to seek the patterns and sum up the experience.Results Of the 731 fingers, 725 transplants survived. Only 6 transplants were lost. The survival rate was 99%. Surgical exploration was carried out in 29 cases due to vascular crisis. There were 35 cases that were follow-up for 6 months to 11 years. The appearance and functions of the reconstructed fingers were satisfactory.The patients could return to their jobs and were satisfied with the outcome. Conclusion Multi-finger defect greatly affects the appearance and function of the hand. An appropriate surgical reconstruction strategy should be chosen based on the condition of the hand, patient' s age and demand to restore a near normal hand.     

α受体阻滞剂治疗慢性前列腺炎/慢性骨盆疼痛综合征的meta分析

目的系统评价α受体阻滞剂治疗慢性前列腺炎/慢性骨盆疼痛综合征的疗效及安全性。方法计算机检索Cochrane图书馆、PUBMED、EMBASE、中国学术文献总库、中国生物医学文献数据库和中文科技期刊数据库。追查所获资料的参考文献,手检相关文献,截止时间均为2013年7月。文献检索无语种限制。处理组为α受体阻滞剂,对照组为安慰剂或其他治疗措施。对纳入的随机对照试验进行质量评价,运用RevMan4.2软件进行meta分析。以NIH-CPSI、IPSS或PSSI评分为疗效观察的主要指标,通过合并值比较治疗组与对照组的疗效及安全性。结果共纳入13个临床随机对照试验包括1145例患者,其中7篇文献质量评分较高。meta分析结果显示,在改善NIH-CPSI、IPSS、PSSI总分及各部评分等方面,α受体阻滞剂效果优于对照组,二者的差异有统计学意义。亚组分析显示患者能从较长疗程治疗中获得更大的收益。结论α受体阻滞剂能轻度改善慢性前列腺炎/慢性骨盆疼痛综合征患者的NIH-CPSI评分。但由于纳入的研究之间普遍存在着不同程度的异质性,且存在发表偏倚的可能性,故应谨慎看待上述结论,需要更多高质量的前瞻性随机对照试验来进一步证实。     

AO锁骨钩钢板治疗肩锁关节完全性脱位

我院自2001年2月～2004年2月应用AO锁骨钩钢板（天津正天医疗器械有限公司）内固定治疗TossyⅢ型肩锁关节脱位27例,疗效满意。     

翻转内固定治疗粉碎性髌骨骨折

1998年3月-2004年4月,我院采用髌骨翻转后直视下复位内固定治疗粉碎性髌骨骨折患者24例,取得满意疗效。     

超声定位下48例隐匿性乳腺病灶精准切除

目的 探讨隐匿性乳腺病灶手术活检的临床意义,确定超声定位下隐匿性乳腺病灶精准切除的操作方法,提高乳腺癌的早期诊断率.方法 44例患者的48例隐匿性乳腺病灶,在超声引导下采用定位针与体表标记相结合的方法定位,按照固定的步骤进行开放手术切除.结果 通过病理诊断证实病灶全部被准确切除,未发生定位针断裂、脱出等情况,术后乳房外形均未发生变化,未发生乳头乳晕坏死的并发症.病理结果:浸润性导管癌(Ⅰ期)4例,占8.3％;乳腺非典型增生15例,占31.3％;其余为乳腺腺病、乳管内乳头状瘤、乳腺纤维腺瘤、乳腺导管扩张症等良性病变.结论 超声定位下隐匿性乳腺病灶的精准切除是安全有效的检查和治疗方法,需要一定的手术技巧,在提高乳腺癌的早期诊断率、降低乳腺癌的发病率、降低医疗成本、减少乳腺活检手术的并发症等方面都具有积极的意义.     

24次航天飞机飞行中运动病经验总结

在微重力环境中,运动病发病率很高。该文章总结了前24次航天飞行中运动病发生的频率和严重性。对所有在航天飞机上飞行过的航天员用标准化的运动病调查表进行了调查。对发生运动病的病例