温敏型液体栓塞材料的实验研究

目的合成一种新型温度敏感性液体栓塞材料并探讨其栓塞脑动静脉畸形(arteriovenous malformation,AVM)的可能性。方法应用氮-异丙基丙烯酰胺(N-isopropylacry lamide,NIPAM)和氮-正丙基丙烯酰胺(N-n-propylacrylamide,NNPAM)合成共聚物,进行物理性质测定和体外AVM模型栓塞试验。结果共聚物具有低临界溶解温度(lowercritical solubletem perature,LCST),具有水溶性和非粘附性特点,能成功栓塞体外AVM模型。结论共聚物为一种脑AVM血管内栓塞治疗的新型液体栓塞材料,可用于进一步动物实验。     

胸腔内异位肾一例报告

患儿6岁,女。入院前一个月查体时发现左肺下肿物,转来本院。当时患儿无发冷发烧、咳嗽、吐痰等症状。患儿系足月顺产,既往健康,家族史无特殊。体格检查:发育营养中等,胸廓呈轻度鸡胸,左下胸部略有凹陷,呼吸动度均等,两肺呼吸音清晰,无干湿性罗音,心音正常,腹平软,肝脾不大。化验检查:血象正常。尿蛋白阴性,沉渣高倍镜下红细胞偶见,白细胞0～1个。     

3D-CISS MRI序列对脑池段后组脑神经及其病变显示的优势

目的 通过脑池段后组脑神经3D-CISS序列与3D-TSE序列成像质量的比较,评估3D-CISS序列对脑池段后组脑神经及其病变显示的作用.方法 对45例正常体检者和12例患有各种后组脑神经异常症状的病人进行3D-CISS序列、3D-TSE序列扫描,对后组腑神经成像进行评分.结果 舌咽、迷走、副神经及舌下神经在3D-CISS、3D-TSE序列的显示率依次为:100%、57.1%;100%、52.3%;100%、41.1%;91.0%、59.3%.应用3D-CISS序列:对8例血管性神经痛病人显示了责任血管压迫点,对3例后组脑神经微小肿瘤进行了显示,对1例蛛网膜囊肿病人显示了压迫点.结论 对于被脑脊液围绕的后组脑神经显示成像,3D-CISS序列是较好的选择.     

前瞻性心电门控双源CT冠状动脉成像在高心率患者中应用的可行性研究

Objective To explore the optimal reconstruction windows in patients with heart rate (HR) over 91 (beats per minute) bpm, and to explore the feasibility of prospective ECG-gated DSCT coronary angiography.Methods Two hundred and thirty-two patients[body mass index (BMI):23-25 kg/m2, with stable HR, and average HR ≥91 bpm]with suspected or known coronary artery disease underwent retrospective ECG-gated DSCT coronary angiography.They were divided into 3 groups (A-C) according to the average HR of scanning.Images were reconstructed from 29% to 80% of the R-R interval in 3% increments.Two independent readers assessed the overall image quality by a five-point scale and determined the optimal reconstruction windows of each coronary segment and the ranges.Coronary arteries were segmented according to the guideline of the American Heart Association (AHA).The degree of interobserver agreement was determined by Kappa statistics.Results Three thousand three hundred and fortythree segments were considered to have diagnostic image quality in 232 patients.The ranges of optimal reconstruction windows of images were concentrated on 81%-61% and 51%-31%.In group A(91-95 bpm), there were 1183 segments in 83 patients, and the according proportions were 5.49%, 94.51%,respectively; In group B(96-100 bpm), there were 986 segments in 68 patients, and the according proportions were 0.20%, 99.80%, respectively; In group C(≥ 101 bpm), there were 1174 segments in 81 patients, and the according proportions were 0.17%, 99.83%, respectively.The optimal construction windows in 3274 segments out of 3343 segments in 232 patients were concentrated in 41%, ranged from 51%-31%.The image quality assessment in 3343 segments in 232 patients have a high inter-observe agreement (Kappa=0.883,P <0.05).Conclusion The optimal reconstruction windows of patients with stable HR(≥91 bpm) was concentrated in 41%, ranged from 51%-31%.When nothing except the window of data acquisition is considered, the prospective ECC,-gated DSCT coronary angingraphy can be used in patients with stable HR(≥91 bpm).     

胃粘膜巨大肥厚症(附4例报告)

近年来,我们遇见4例胃粘膜巨大肥厚症,其中3例经胃镜证实,4例均经手术及病理证实。现举2例报告如下。例1:男,46岁。因上腹不适、腹泻4个月,全身浮肿50天入院。查体:除腹水征     

三维CT在先天性髋关节脱位及髋臼骨折的临床应用

三维ＣＴ(ｔｈｒｅｅｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｄｔｏｍｏｇｒａｐｈｙ ;3ＤＣＴ) ,利用计算机将连续的ＣＴ横断图像进行重组 ,形成多种形式的三维图像 ,3Ｄ成像的条件要求较高 ,常规ＣＴ扫描中层厚越薄 ,层距越短 ,纵向空间分辨率就越高 ,三维图像质量也越高 ,但在纵向上不是连续取样 ;螺旋ＣＴ尤其多层螺旋ＣＴ将二维采样改为三维容积采样 ,很好地解决了这一问题。三维成像技术目前主要有表面遮盖显示(ｓｈａｄｅｄｓｕｒｆａｃｅｄｉｓｐｌａｙ ;ＳＳＤ) ;容积显示技术 (ｖｏｌｕｍｅｒｅｎｄｅｒｉｎｇ) ;最大密度投影(ｍ…     

开放式MRI导航系统导引行肺病变穿刺活检137例

目的 探讨MRI导引下肺穿刺活检术的可行性、准确性及其临床应用价值.方法 应用配备iPath 200光学追踪系统的低场开放式MR仪,对137例肺内结节或肿物患者行穿刺活检术,其中肺内孤立性结节或肿物103例,肺内多发病灶34例;病灶最大径≥3.5 cm的57例、1.5～3.4 cm的71例、≤1.4 cm的9例.结果 病灶最大径≥3.5 cm组、1.5～3.4 cm组、≤1.4 cm组及总的穿刺成功率分别为100.0%(57/57)、98.6%(70/71)、77.8%(7/9)、97.8%(134/137);穿刺组织病理检查诊断恶性肿瘤98例,良性39例;MRI导引肺穿刺活检的敏感度为94.2%(98/104),特异度为100.0%(33/33),准确性为95.6%(131/137),阳性预测值为100.0%(98/98),阴性预测值为84.6%(33/39).结论 开放式MRI导引肺穿刺活检术具有较高的安全性、准确性和有效性,值得在临床进一步推广和应用.     

PACS中动态图像传输格式比较

目的 评价多种动态图像格式在PACS中的应用情况.方法 用同一台超声扫描国标"仿组织超声体模"并以不同格式采集动态图像进行对比.结果 大部分格式的动态图像符合临床要求.结论 DICOM格式动态图像在临床应用中存在不足.     

猫抓病淋巴结炎的影像学表现及文献回顾

目的:探讨猫抓病淋巴结炎影像学表现,提高对猫抓病淋巴结炎的认识。方法:回顾性分析2例经手术病理证实的猫抓病淋巴结炎患者影像表现,并复习相关文献。结果:两例均行CT检查,共评价6个淋巴结,短径约0.9~3.7 cm。1例CT示左下颌淋巴结肿大,环形强化;第2例患者CT示右侧腋窝见5个肿大淋巴结,淋巴结边缘模糊;同时行MR检查,MR示右侧腋窝多发肿大淋巴结影,T1WI呈等信号,T2WI呈稍高信号,DWI呈高信号,ADC图呈稍低信号,淋巴结边缘模糊,周边见网格状长T2WI信号。结论:猫抓病淋巴结炎影像学表现有一定特征性,熟悉影像学表现对猫抓病的早期诊断有重要价值。     

子宫发育异常的MRI诊断

目的探讨磁共振成像对子宫发育异常的诊断价值.方法 18例子宫发育异常患者行常规磁共振检查.子宫发育异常分型参照美国生育协会的标准.结果幼稚子宫1例,残角子宫1例,双子宫4例,双角子宫7例,纵隔子宫5例.MRI检查结果与临床诊断符合率为100%.结论磁共振可以为子宫发育异常提供明确的诊断和分型依据,是一项简单可行而且准确无损伤的检查方法.