Cage椎体融合器在腰椎手术中的应用

在腰椎疾患的治疗中，特别是腰椎失稳、滑脱的病例，需要作腰椎融合稳定术。作者采用Cage作腰椎体间融合，自2000年5月至2003年5月施行手术，现将随访到的24例患者的情况，报告如下。     

X线透视导航下运用Gamma钉治疗股骨转子间骨折18例

目的 探讨在X线透视导航下运用Gamma钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的疗效.方法 回顾性分析接受X线透视导航下与传统方法 应用Gamma钉治疗且具有完整资料的38例老年股骨转子间骨折患者资料.导航下Gamma钉内固定组(导航组)18例,骨折按Evans分型:Ⅰ型10例,Ⅱ型8例.传统Gamma钉内固定组(传统组)20例,骨折按Evans分型:Ⅰ型14例,Ⅱ型6例.比较两组患者的切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、X线暴露时间、内植物并发症、3个月内骨折愈合率及术后1年关节功能状况等.结果 与传统组比较,导航组切口小、术中出血少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).导航组18例患者术后获18～26个月[平均(24±6)个月]随访.传统组20例患者术后获16～24个月[平均(20±6)个月]随访.两组患者全部获骨性愈合,3个月内骨折愈合者导航组12例,传统组15例,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).导航组X线平均采集图像3～5(4±1)次,传统组6～10(8±2)次,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).导航组优7例,良10例,可1例,优良率为94.4%.传统组优8例,良8例,可4例,优良率为80.0%,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).两组患者均无内植物相关并发症.结论 与传统Gamma钉内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折比较,导航下Gamma钉内固定可以精确地保证尖顶距<25 mm,且具有切口小、术中出血量少及术后髋关节功能恢复好等优点,值得在临床推广.     

老年股骨转子间骨折的手术方法选择及围手术期处理

目的:探讨老年股骨转子间骨折的手术方法及围手术期处理.方法:对120例老年股骨转子间骨折术前内科疾病、骨折类型、术后并发症等进行分析.结果:本组患者平均年龄80.4岁,每例合并有不同程度的内科疾病,平均2.3种,均成功进行了手术治疗,术后并发症发生率为9.2%.结论:老年股骨转子间骨折术前合并内科疾病多,充分评估和治疗术前疾病,选择合适的手术方式,可以降低围手术期的并发症.     

透视图像导航下微创人工股骨头置换治疗超高龄股骨颈骨折

目的:探讨应用透视图像导航下微创手术进行人工股骨头置换治疗超高龄股骨颈骨折的临床疗效.方法:应用透视图像导航下微创小切口实施人工股骨头置换手术28例.骨折类型:按Garden分类,其中Ⅱ型3例,Ⅲ型11例,Ⅳ型14例.结果:术后随访6～12个月.术后伤口一期愈合,无切口感染,无关节脱位.术后下床时间7～14 d,平均10 d.按Harris髋关节置换评分标准及术后X线评定,结果属优16例,良10例,中2例.优良率93%.未并发坐骨神经损伤和血管损伤;无出现下肢深静脉栓塞.结论:透视图像导航下微创小切口人工股骨头置换治疗超高龄股骨颈骨折,创伤小,术中及术后出血量少,疼痛轻,关节功能恢复好,疗效满意.     

流体剪切力调节HO-1表达对髓核细胞自噬作用及细胞外基质的影响

目的:探究流体剪切力（FSS）对调节血红素加氧酶-1（HO-1）表达及髓核（NP）细胞自噬作用和细胞外基质（ECM）的影响。方法:使用永生化大鼠髓核细胞系,暴露于12或24 dyne/cm 2 FSS 0、1、2、3和4 h。根据不同实验需要暴露前给予10 μm 钴原卟啉（CoPP）预处理1 h或500 n...     

导航下与传统方法应用动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

Objective To compare the navigational and traditional dynamic hip screw (DHS) fix-ations in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the elderly patients with intertrochanterie fracture who had been treated in our de-partment from April 2005 to April 2007 and whose clinical data were complete. Enrolled in the present study were 25 cases that had received navigational DHS fixation and 31 cases who had received traditional DHS fixation. In navigational group, there were 10 males and 15 females, with an average age of 82. 1 years. They were 14 eases of Evans type Ⅰ and 11 Evans type Ⅱ. In traditional group, there were 12 males and 19 fe-males, with an average age of 82. 8 years. They were 16 cases of Evans type Ⅰ and 15 Evans type Ⅱ. The 2 groups were compared in incision length, operation time, bleeding volume, X-ray exposure time, bed-ridden time, medical and implant complications, and one-year functional recovery. Results In navigational group, 23 patients were followed for 11 to 20 (average, 14) months and 2 were lost. In traditional group, 30 patients were followed up for 14 to 23 (average, 18) months and 1 died from cardiovascular disease within 1 year. Compared with traditional group, navigational group had a smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time and less X-ray exposure time, a higher rate of fracture healing at 3 months, with statistically significant differences (P <0.05). The Harris hip function scores at postoperative 1 year were of no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05) . In navigational group there were 3 medical and 1 implant complications. In traditional group there were 9 medical and 5 implant complications. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures for the elderly patients, the navigational DHS fixation is superior to traditional DHS fixation due to its ad-vantages of smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time, faster fracture healing and betterfunctional recovery.     

RF椎弓根螺钉治疗胸腰段不稳定骨折

本文应用ＲＦ系统椎弓根螺钉治疗胸腰段不稳定骨折３５例，术后均获得随访半年－３年，畸形术后较术前平均改进２２．６°，矢状面水平移位平均改进２４．６￥，压缩椎体高度椎体高度平均恢复４３．５％，疗效满意，术后７例有腰背疼痛，２例老年患者并发椎弓根螺钉松动，可能因骨质疏松所致其余患者均无明显的并发症。     

导航下与传统方法应用动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

Objective To compare the navigational and traditional dynamic hip screw (DHS) fix-ations in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the elderly patients with intertrochanterie fracture who had been treated in our de-partment from April 2005 to April 2007 and whose clinical data were complete. Enrolled in the present study were 25 cases that had received navigational DHS fixation and 31 cases who had received traditional DHS fixation. In navigational group, there were 10 males and 15 females, with an average age of 82. 1 years. They were 14 eases of Evans type Ⅰ and 11 Evans type Ⅱ. In traditional group, there were 12 males and 19 fe-males, with an average age of 82. 8 years. They were 16 cases of Evans type Ⅰ and 15 Evans type Ⅱ. The 2 groups were compared in incision length, operation time, bleeding volume, X-ray exposure time, bed-ridden time, medical and implant complications, and one-year functional recovery. Results In navigational group, 23 patients were followed for 11 to 20 (average, 14) months and 2 were lost. In traditional group, 30 patients were followed up for 14 to 23 (average, 18) months and 1 died from cardiovascular disease within 1 year. Compared with traditional group, navigational group had a smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time and less X-ray exposure time, a higher rate of fracture healing at 3 months, with statistically significant differences (P <0.05). The Harris hip function scores at postoperative 1 year were of no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05) . In navigational group there were 3 medical and 1 implant complications. In traditional group there were 9 medical and 5 implant complications. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures for the elderly patients, the navigational DHS fixation is superior to traditional DHS fixation due to its ad-vantages of smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time, faster fracture healing and betterfunctional recovery.     

体外培养人退变髓核细胞的生物学性状

背景:椎间盘退行性变后很难自行修复,研究退变髓核细胞的生物学特性可为研究椎间盘退变机制、组织工程椎间盘构建、基因治疗等提供理论基础.目的:观察体外培养的人退变髓核细胞的生物学特性.方法:分离培养人退变椎间盘髓核细胞,采用光镜、电镜观察细胞的形态和超微结构,荧光定量PCR技术检测髓核细胞Ⅱ型胶原和糖胺多糖mRNA的表达.ELISA法检测细胞培养上清中人Ⅱ型胶原水平,DMMB比色法检测细胞培养上清中糖胺多糖水平.结果与结论:体外培养的传2代内的退变椎间盘髓核细胞结构与原代细胞相似,传3代后的细胞出现退变及凋亡改变.对体外培养第1代的退变髓核细胞和正常髓核细胞的Ⅱ型胶原和糖胺多糖进行检测发现,退变髓核细胞Ⅱ型胶原、糖胺多糖mRNA水平及细胞外基质中Ⅱ型胶原和糖胺多糖的表达均明显低于正常髓核细胞,呈现去分化趋势.     

掺锶羟基磷灰石的材料学特性及其生物学评价

可注射性磷酸钙材料是目前临床骨科解决骨组织缺损和破坏的潜在理想替代物.但其材料学特性及生物学评价仍有待于提高.因此材料学界和骨科学界对磷酸钙骨水泥进行了各种改性研究,其中锶的加入明显改善了骨水泥的各项性能.文章详细研究了掺锶磷酸钙骨水泥的抗压强度、降解性、固化时间、溶解性、注射性和抗水溶性、分析了掺锶磷酸钙骨水泥的临床应用.展望了掺锶磷酸钙骨水泥作为骨组织修复领域中人工骨替代材料的应用前景.