辨证施治加珠黄散治疗消化性溃疡67例疗效小结

辨证施治加珠黄散治疗消化性溃疡６７例疗效小结刘振宇王献萍（广东省增城市中医院广东５１１３００）（江西省南昌市第二运输总公司卫生所南昌３３０００６）关键词消化性溃疡辨证施治珠黄散我们于１９９５年１０月～１９９７年５月采用辨证施治加珠黄散治疗消化性溃疡６...     

中老年妇女骨密度高易生乳腺癌

新英格兰医学杂志（1997，336：611－617）发表波士顿大学医学中心张玉清（译音）博士等研究的结果，认为中老年妇女如骨密度增高，有易于发生乳腺癌的危险。研究的对象为1373名年龄对岁一用岁，l％7年一lop年间无乳腺癌病史妇女的骨密度，并对她们随访到1”3年，其中gi人发生了乳腺癌，在年龄——特异性的4组分列中，每lop人年中的发生率，由掌骨密度最低的1，分别上升到第2，3，4组的2．6，2．7和人见对年龄等其他干扰因素加以调整后，4个年龄方阵发生乳腺癌危险的比率分别为1．0，1．3，1．3和3．SO此实验说明，骨密度对中老年妇女是预…     

Reduction of postoperative nausea and vomiting by dimenhydrinate suppositories after strabismus surgery in children

Although dimenhydrinate has been used for treatment and prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) since the fifties, there have been few controlled studies about its efficacy. We performed a double-blinded study of 301 children aged 4 to 10 yr who underwent strabismus surgery. Preanesthetic medication with midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) as well as application of either dimenhydrinate suppositories or a placebo preparation was performed 30 min before the induction of anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with thiopentone (5-10 mg/kg) and vecuronium (0.1 mg/kg) and maintained with halothane (1%-2%) in N(2)O/O(2) (65%/35%). The incidence of PONV, requirements for rescue dimenhydrinate, and time to recovery were recorded. The overall incidence of PONV was 60.1% in the placebo group and 30.7% in the dimenhydrinate group. In the dimenhydrinate group, children had to be observed in the recovery room significantly longer than those in the placebo group. Children having received dimenhydrinate were discharged from the recovery room with lower arousal scores. We conclude that the rectal administration of dimenhydrinate is effective for the prevention of PONV, although the sedative effect may require longer postoperative monitoring. IMPLICATIONS: We performed a double-blinded, randomized study to investigate the effects of prophylactic rectal dimenhydrinate application on postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery. In comparison with placebo, dimenhydrinate reduced the incidence of postoperative vomiting from 60.1% to 30.7%.     

Combined antioxidant and COMT inhibitor treatment reverses renal abnormalities in diabetic rats

The development and progression of diabetic nephropathy is dependent on glucose homeostasis and many other contributing factors. In the present study, we examined the effect of nitecapone, an inhibitor of the dopamine-metabolizing enzyme catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) and a potent antioxidant, on functional and cellular determinants of renal function in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Administration of nitecapone to diabetic rats normalized urinary sodium excretion in a manner consistent with the dopamine-dependent inhibition of proximal tubule Na,K-ATPase activity. Hyperfiltration, focal glomerulosclerosis, and albuminuria were also reversed by nitecapone, but in a manner that is more readily attributed to the antioxidant potential of the agent. A pattern of elevated oxidative stress, measured as CuZn superoxide dismutase gene expression and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance content, was noted in diabetic rats, and both parameters were normalized by nitecapone treatment. In diabetic rats, activation of glomerular protein kinase C (PKC) was confirmed by isoform-specific translocation and Ser23 phosphorylation of the PKC substrate Na,K-ATPase. PKC-dependent changes in Na,K-ATPase phosphorylation were associated with decreased glomerular Na,K-ATPase activity. Nitecapone-treated diabetic rats were protected from these intracellular modifications. The combined results suggest that the COMT-inhibitory and antioxidant properties of nitecapone provide a protective therapy against the development of diabetic nephropathy.     

增生性玻璃体视网膜病变视网膜前膜CD44v6的表达

目的：观察增生性玻璃体视网膜病变视网膜前膜中CD44v6的表达情况。方法：用免疫组化方法对13例PVR患行玻璃体切割术的剥离的视网膜前膜进行观察。结果：CD44v6阳性表达10例，表达率77％。结论：提示CD44v6在PVR的形成和发展中有一定的作用。     

Coping styles and psychosomatic problems: are they related?

A number of recent studies have shown avoidant coping to be related with diverse types of somatic and mental pathology. In order to investigate the relevance of coping for both psychological and somatic problems in delinquent subjects, 185 boys from juvenile correction and 96 boys from secondary schools in Arkhangelsk, Northern Russia, were assessed by means of the Coping Scale for Children and Youth, the Youth Self-Report and the Giessen Subjective Complaints List - youth form. The results from the delinquent subjects partly confirmed previous findings on the dominant role of behavioural avoidance in the relationships between coping styles and both behavior/emotional problems and somatic complaints. Further implications of the results are discussed.     

侵袭性巨大催乳素瘤的诊治

目的：探讨侵袭性巨大催乳素瘤的诊治方法及效果。方法：回顾分析我院收治的侵袭性巨大催乳素瘤18例，均经头颅MRI和内分泌检查确诊。纳入标准：（1）肿瘤直径〉4cm；（2）血浆PRL〉200ng／mL；（3）高催乳素分泌或占位效应引起的临床症状。手术治疗15例，术后给以药物（溴隐亭）治疗，结合放疗。非手术治疗3例，先药物（溴隐亭）治疗，结合放疗。结果：手术组随访12例，平均随访29．5mo，肿瘤体积缩小75％；非手术组随访3例，在平均随访的24mo内肿瘤体积缩小80％；肿瘤消失各1例。PRL控制在200ng／mL以下手术组6例，非手术组2例；视力视野改善手术组6例，非手术组2例。结论：对侵袭性巨大催乳素瘤可首选药物治疗，能有效地缩小肿瘤体积和控制PRL水平，部分可达治愈的目的，从而避免手术风险。早期手术仅适用于视力视野明显急剧下降者，肿瘤卒中引起显著临床症状者，服药不能耐受或耐药者，服药出现脑脊液漏需修补者。     

煤矿退养职工中煤工尘肺的X线胸片表现和肺功能关系

目的分析煤矿井下工人煤工尘肺患者X线胸片表现和肺功能的关系。方法选择234例煤工尘肺患者就其肺功能和X线胸片表现关系进行统计分析。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ期煤工尘肺中通气功能以阻塞性和混合性障碍较多，分别占66．49％、84．62％；Ⅲ期1例为混合性障碍。肺功能损伤Ⅰ、Ⅱ期以轻度为主，分别占46．19％、50．00％，Ⅲ期为中度损伤。肺功能损伤程度及肺功能损伤与煤工尘肺X线胸片肺阴影的肺区分布的数量有关。结论随着煤工尘肺阴影分布范围的增加以及期别的增高，肺损伤程度加重，肺功能障碍分型也逐渐由限制性／阻塞性向混合性通气功能障碍转变。     

海口地区超广谱β-内酰胺酶阳性菌检测及其流行病学分析

目的为了解海口地区超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)阳性菌的种类及其分布,为控制其扩散、预防暴发流行提供科学依据. 方法采用双纸片琼脂扩散法,测定3年中从临床各类标本分离的革兰阴性菌的ESBLs,比较菌种、病房及标本间ESBLs阳性率差异. 结果产ESBLs的菌种已达28种,阳性率最高达60%,常见菌的阳性率均达约50%,且3年间的变化多数无统计学意义;ESBLs阳性菌分离率在病室间的差异不大,门诊患者相对住院患者较低,在标本间的分布存在一定差异. 结论 ESBLs阳性菌已在海口地区广泛存在,并已成为医院及社区感染的主要病原菌,控制其进一步发展已成为一项迫在眉睫的工作.     

巧按穴位 预防感冒

春季是感冒的高发季节。在日常生活中，试着坚持按摩以下穴位，可以预防或减轻患感冒的概率。