救治濒危转入的特重度烧伤患者16例

笔单位2004年1月-2005年12月收治院外转入的16例特重度烧伤濒危患（A组），与同期伤后早期收治的22例特重度烧伤患（B组，包括6例非濒危转院）的一般资料及基础伤情相似（P〉0．05），因此进行比较分析。     

远位预扩张皮瓣修复颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形

目的了解远位预扩张皮瓣修复颈部烧伤后瘢痕挛缩畸形的效果。方法利用13个皮肤扩张器对11例烧伤后颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形患者进行治疗。扩张器容量为200~600 mL。扩张时间3~5个月。扩张器置入部位大部分为正常皮肤,其中5个扩张器置入烧伤后稳定软化的瘢痕下。扩张后行皮瓣转移术,其中8例患者的扩张器置于斜方肌下部深筋膜层内,行以颈横动脉深支为蒂的远位扩张皮瓣移植,3例患者的扩张器置于锁骨下前胸部,预构胸廓内动脉胸前穿支为蒂的胸三角皮瓣。其中6例患者在行扩张器2期手术前行皮瓣延迟术。结果 11例患者术后皮瓣均成活,效果满意。术后均未发生血肿、感染等并发症。11例患者随访3~24个月,皮瓣颜色、质地均佳,外形及功能明显改善。结论远位预扩张皮瓣是治疗颈部烧伤后瘢痕挛缩畸形的可选方法之一。尤其在局部无正常可扩张利用皮肤的情况下,远位扩张以及扩张瘢痕皮肤也是良好的选择。     

头面部刀伤样硬皮病手术治疗一例

患者女,13岁.因“左额面部线状凹陷、色素沉着、局部秃发十年”于2003年7月入我院.患者自2岁被发现左额部皮肤出现黄褐色改变并凹陷,范围随年龄增长逐渐增大,向额顶部和左眼内侧、左鼻翼纵向延伸,额顶部出现秃发,7岁后范围未见明显扩大.曾予抗病毒等药物治疗无明显效果.无外伤和感染史,足月顺产,家族中无类似病史.     

老年特重度烧伤26例治疗体会

[目的]探讨老年特重度烧伤的治疗方法.[方法]本科收治的老年(＞60岁)特重度烧伤26例,烧伤总面积50～95(71.3±10.8)%,其中Ⅲ度面积0～65(29.7±14.1)%.对所有患者进行抗休克、抗感染、营养支持、防治并发症、创面处理等治疗,对患者伤前慢性疾病采取相应治疗措施,在休克期适当使用利尿剂,创面修复期酌情使用生长激素,并注重病情监测.[结果]26例患者,治愈15例,中途放弃治疗5例,死亡6例(3例死于脓毒血症,1例死于心衰,1例死于肾功能衰竭,1例死于消化道大出血).[结论]休克期适当利尿、合理有效使用抗生素、积极治疗伤前疾病、修复期使用生长激素等措施有利于老年特重度烧伤的治疗.     

肿瘤坏死因子-α诱导HaCaT角质细胞凋亡的研究

烧伤后由于坏死组织刺激,引起创面局部中性粒细胞和单巨噬细胞聚集、黏附和释放炎症介质,导致机体血中和痂下水肿液中肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平明显升高,而烧伤创面愈合的关键在     

琥珀酸对人外周血中性粒细胞凋亡的影响

目的 了解琥珀酸对人外周血中性粒细胞(PMN)凋亡的影响,探讨其致病机制.方法 体外孵育PMN,将PMN浓度调至5×106个/ml.在细胞中加入琥珀酸刺激,根据所加琥珀酸浓度分为5、10、20、30 mmol/L琥珀酸组;对照组加入常规培养液.取各组细胞培养上清液,检测其活性氧含量.5、20 mmol/L琥珀酸组细胞于处理前及处理后2、4、6、8、10 h分别取细胞悬液1 ml,行半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(caspase-3)活性及细胞凋亡率检测.结果 5、10、20、30 mmol/L琥珀酸组活性氧含量(0.437±0.056、0.432±0.024、0.395±0.049、0.386±0.010)均低于对照组(0.505±0.028,P＜0.05).随着孵育时间延长,各组细胞caspase-3活性均逐渐增加,但与对照组比较,5 mmol/L琥珀酸组caspase-3活性降低,20 mmol/L琥珀酸组则升高(P＜0.05).对照组细胞处理前凋亡率为(6.1±1.1)%,处理后2 h为(13.2±2.0)%,10 h达(27.7±3.7)%;5 mmol/L琥珀酸组细胞凋亡率除处理后4 h外其余时相点均低于对照组(P＜0.05);20 mmol/L琥珀酸组细胞处理后4～10 h凋亡率均高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 低浓度琥珀酸抑制PMN凋亡,而高浓度琥珀酸可促进PMN凋亡.细菌感染时,通过代谢产物琥珀酸抑制PMN免疫功能.     

金黄色葡萄球菌侵袭烫伤家兔致淋巴细胞蛋白质组的变化

Objective To study the proteomic change in Iymphocytes of rabbits with scald injury and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) invasion. Methods Twenty-four rabbits were divided into four groups as follows: control group, scald group, scald with SA invasion 2 hs group, and scald with SA invasion 6 hs group, according to random number table, with 6 rabbits in each group. Except for rabbits in control group (sham scald at 37 ℃ ) , rabbits in the other 3 groups were subjected to 30% TBSA full-thickness scald. Rabbits in SA invasion 2 and 6 hs groups were injected with 2 mL (1.0×108 CFU/mL) SA suspension, which was in the log growth phase, via auricle vein 18 hs and 22 hs after injury. Whole blood samples were collected from carotid artery of rabbits in 4 groups 24 hs after scald. Lymphocytes were isolated and its ex-tracted proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectroscopy. Re-suits About 1030 protein spots of lymphocytes were detected in each group. Compared with that of control group, 19 protein spots were found to be differentially expressed in the other 3 groups, and 11 spots (10 pro-teins) were identified. Expression levels of cofilin, cyclophilin A, ubiquitin, nucleoside diphosphate ki-nase, glutamate dehydrogenase and annexin 1 were down-regulated, but expression level of peroxiredoxin was up-regulated obviously. Conclusions There is obvious proteornic change in lymphocytes of scalded rabbits or of scalded rabbits invaded by SA, and it may relate to immune suppression and sepsis after injury.     

复合组织移植一期修复上肢创伤后组织严重缺损

目的 探讨上肢严重损伤后多种组织缺损的早期修复方法，保全肢体的外形和功能。方法 对上肢创伤后组织严重缺损19例患，彻底清创后，利用显微外科技术将自体神经、血管、骨骼、皮瓣和肌皮瓣等多种组织复合移植一期修复。结果 19例均获成功，患肢得以保全、大部分功能得到恢复。结论 多种组织复合移植一期修复上肢创伤后组织的严重缺损，是目前保全患肢并恢复其功能的有效方法。     

金黄色葡萄球菌侵袭烫伤家兔致淋巴细胞蛋白质组的变化

Objective To study the proteomic change in Iymphocytes of rabbits with scald injury and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) invasion. Methods Twenty-four rabbits were divided into four groups as follows: control group, scald group, scald with SA invasion 2 hs group, and scald with SA invasion 6 hs group, according to random number table, with 6 rabbits in each group. Except for rabbits in control group (sham scald at 37 ℃ ) , rabbits in the other 3 groups were subjected to 30% TBSA full-thickness scald. Rabbits in SA invasion 2 and 6 hs groups were injected with 2 mL (1.0×108 CFU/mL) SA suspension, which was in the log growth phase, via auricle vein 18 hs and 22 hs after injury. Whole blood samples were collected from carotid artery of rabbits in 4 groups 24 hs after scald. Lymphocytes were isolated and its ex-tracted proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectroscopy. Re-suits About 1030 protein spots of lymphocytes were detected in each group. Compared with that of control group, 19 protein spots were found to be differentially expressed in the other 3 groups, and 11 spots (10 pro-teins) were identified. Expression levels of cofilin, cyclophilin A, ubiquitin, nucleoside diphosphate ki-nase, glutamate dehydrogenase and annexin 1 were down-regulated, but expression level of peroxiredoxin was up-regulated obviously. Conclusions There is obvious proteornic change in lymphocytes of scalded rabbits or of scalded rabbits invaded by SA, and it may relate to immune suppression and sepsis after injury.