铜陵市部分医院细菌耐药性监测与分析

Objective To investigate the bacterial resistance of clinical isolates collected in Tongling area.Methods The clinical isolates were collected in Tongling area from Jananuary to December in 2007.Antimicrobial susceptibility test were conducted by Kirby-Bauer method.Results Of 1375 clinical isolates,399 strains(29.0%)were gram positive bacteria,and 976 strains(71.0%)were gram negative bacteria.Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)accounted for 18.4% of staphylococcus aureus,while methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci(MRCNS)were 70.0% of coagulase negative staphylococci(CNS)respectively.MRSA and MRCNS were highly resistant to gentamicin,ciprofloxacin,clindamycin and erythromycin;but displayed lower resistance to rifampicin,chloramphenicol and nitrofurantion.No vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus strain was found.The resistance rates of Enterococcus faecalis were relatively low to penicillin,ampicillin,nitro furantion,fosfomycin and chloramphenicol.No vancomycin or teicoplanin-resistant enterococcus faecalis was isolated.The resistance rates of E.faecium were lower to fosfomycin and chloramphenicol.Two strains of vancomycin-resistant E.faecium were identified.About of 49.3% of E.coli and 35.9% of Klebsiella isolates produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases(ESBLs).The resistance rates of ESBLs-producing strains to 20 antimicrobial agents were much higher than those of ESBLs nonproducing ones.No imipenem or meropenem-resistant isolate was found.The resistance rate of non-fermenters was lower to imipenem,meropenem,cefoperazone-sulbactam,piperacillin-tazobactam,ceftazidime,cefepime,amikacin or ciprofloxacin.Conclusion The resistance rate of gram positive bacteria is lower to glycopeptides.The resistance rate of gram negative bacilli is lower to imipenem,meropenem,cefoperazone-sulbactam,and piperacillin-tazobactam.Surveillance of bacterial resistance is of great importance for rational use of antibiotics and reducing the emergence of resistance.     

铜陵市部分医院细菌耐药性监测与分析

Objective To investigate the bacterial resistance of clinical isolates collected in Tongling area.Methods The clinical isolates were collected in Tongling area from Jananuary to December in 2007.Antimicrobial susceptibility test were conducted by Kirby-Bauer method.Results Of 1375 clinical isolates,399 strains(29.0%)were gram positive bacteria,and 976 strains(71.0%)were gram negative bacteria.Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)accounted for 18.4% of staphylococcus aureus,while methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci(MRCNS)were 70.0% of coagulase negative staphylococci(CNS)respectively.MRSA and MRCNS were highly resistant to gentamicin,ciprofloxacin,clindamycin and erythromycin;but displayed lower resistance to rifampicin,chloramphenicol and nitrofurantion.No vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus strain was found.The resistance rates of Enterococcus faecalis were relatively low to penicillin,ampicillin,nitro furantion,fosfomycin and chloramphenicol.No vancomycin or teicoplanin-resistant enterococcus faecalis was isolated.The resistance rates of E.faecium were lower to fosfomycin and chloramphenicol.Two strains of vancomycin-resistant E.faecium were identified.About of 49.3% of E.coli and 35.9% of Klebsiella isolates produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases(ESBLs).The resistance rates of ESBLs-producing strains to 20 antimicrobial agents were much higher than those of ESBLs nonproducing ones.No imipenem or meropenem-resistant isolate was found.The resistance rate of non-fermenters was lower to imipenem,meropenem,cefoperazone-sulbactam,piperacillin-tazobactam,ceftazidime,cefepime,amikacin or ciprofloxacin.Conclusion The resistance rate of gram positive bacteria is lower to glycopeptides.The resistance rate of gram negative bacilli is lower to imipenem,meropenem,cefoperazone-sulbactam,and piperacillin-tazobactam.Surveillance of bacterial resistance is of great importance for rational use of antibiotics and reducing the emergence of resistance.     

整合子与鲍曼不动杆菌多重耐药机制研究进展

鲍曼不动杆菌是一种不发酵葡萄糖的革兰阴性球杆菌,是重要的条件致病菌,常引起医院内感染。随着临床上广谱抗菌药物的大量应用,出现了多重耐药菌株,该菌引起的院内感染并有逐年上升趋势,给临床抗感染化疗提出了严峻的挑战。整合子-基因盒系统能捕获外来耐药基因,在整合子中形成多种耐药基因的组合和排列,是细菌耐药性播散的机制之一,对细菌基因组的进化具有重要意义。现就整合子-基因盒的结构、表达以及与鲍曼不动抗菌多重耐药的关系进行简要综述。     

两种定量方法检测乙型肝炎5项指标结果比较

目的 比较两种定量检测乙型肝炎5项指标,观察其检测的临床应用价值.方法 分别取65例样本用化学发光法和时间分辨法同时进行乙肝5项指标检测.结果 两者阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 化学发光法灵敏度更高,对HBV感染的诊断、治疗方案的选择及疗效判定有更重要的临床意义,时间分辨法更适合临床住院患者的常规筛选.     

铜陵地区疑似发热伴血小板减少综合征24例临床分析

目的:分析铜陵地区疑似发热伴血小板减少综合征病例临床特点。方法:回顾收集我院近3年收治的疑似发热伴血小板减少综合征患者临床资料,统计分析所有患者的主要临床表现及相关实验室检查结果。结果:24例疑似SFTS病例中,确诊人感染新型布尼亚病毒病2例;所有疑似病例均有发热,部分病例有畏寒、浅表淋巴结肿大、恶心呕吐、腹泻及肌肉酸痛、黑便、神志淡漠、腹痛、头痛、嗜睡及皮肤瘀点瘀斑、低血压/休克及昏迷等;87.5%的病例有血小板计数减少,75%的病例有白细胞计数减少;24例患者均有肝脏血清生化学指标异常,其中天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平较丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)水平升高明显。结论:SFTS病例早期无显著特征性临床表现,易误诊,临床医生需提高认识。     

多重耐药菌感染的治疗进展

近年来,随着广谱抗菌药物的广泛使用,临床细菌耐药形势日趋严峻,已成为国内外医药界倍受关注的问题.     

2016~2019年铜陵地区输入性疟疾病例分析

目的 分析铜陵地区输入性疟疾病例特点，为本地区疟疾诊治提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年11月铜陵市人民医院收治并经实验室确诊的28例输入性疟疾患者的资料，分析所有患者的一般特征、相关实验室检查结果及疟原虫分布特征。结果 28例患者中，男性占比96.4%，以青壮年为主，职业主要为境外劳务输出工人。患者发病高峰月份分别为2月、4月和7月，占所有病例的42.9%。患者感染来源均为非洲国家，以恶性疟原虫疟疾（64.3%）多见。非重症患者27例（96.4%），重症1例，无死亡病例。19例（67.9%）患者血小板计数不同程度下降，25例（89.3%）患者C反应蛋白升高，18例（81.8%）患者降钙素原不同程度升高。结论 铜陵地区输入性疟疾病例全年散发，以青壮年男性为主，恶性疟原虫疟疾多见，患者血液炎症指标不同程度升高；临床医师应继续提高对疟疾的诊治能力，防止漏诊、重症及死亡病例的发生。     

安徽省铜陵地区2010年细菌耐药性监测

目的了解安徽省铜陵地区2010年临床分离菌株耐药状况。方法 2010年1—12月铜陵地区临床分离菌株用纸片法(Kirby-Bauer)作药敏试验。结果此期获得的2 217株细菌中革兰阳性菌498株,占22.5%;革兰阴性菌1 719株,占77.5%;MRSA和MRCNS分别占金葡菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的34.8%和75.1%;MRSA和MRCNS对庆大霉素、环丙沙星、克林霉素和红霉素等均高度耐药,未见耐万古霉素和替考拉宁葡萄球菌;粪肠球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、呋喃妥因、磷霉素和氯霉素的耐药率较低;屎肠球菌对磷霉素和氯霉素耐药率较低,未见耐万古霉素和替考拉宁肠球菌。大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌属中产ESBLs株分别占53.2%和39.9%,产ESBLs株除对亚胺培南和美罗培南均无耐药株外,对其他19种抗菌药物的耐药率均较非产ESBLs株高;不发酵糖革兰阴性杆菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率较往年上升。结论未发现对糖肽类抗生素耐药的葡萄球菌属菌株;肠杆菌科细菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南、头孢哌酮-舒巴坦、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦和阿米卡星耐药率低;不发酵糖革兰阴性杆菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率较往年上升,应加强抗菌药物的合理使用和医院感染控制。     

铜陵地区2007年细菌耐药性监测

目的 了解安徽省铜陵地区临床分离菌株耐药状况.方法 2007年1-12月铜陵地区临床分离菌株用Kirby-Bauer法进行药敏试验.结果 1 375株细菌中革兰阳性菌399株,占29.0%;革兰阴性菌976株,占71.0%;MRSA和MRCNS分别占金葡菌和CNS的18.4%和70.0%;MRSA和MRCNS对庆大霉素、环丙沙星、克林霉素和红霉素等均高度耐药,对利福平和氯霉素的耐药率均较低;未见耐万古霉素葡萄球菌;粪肠球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、呋喃妥因、磷霉素和氯霉素的耐药率较低,未见耐万古霉素和耐替考拉宁粪肠球菌;屎肠球菌对磷霉素和氯霉素耐药率较低,发现2株万古霉素耐药屎肠球菌.大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌属中产ESBLs株分别占49.3%和35.9%,产ESBLs株除对亚胺培南和美罗培南均无耐药外,对其他19种抗菌药物的耐药率均较非产ESBLs株高;不发酵糖菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南和头孢哌酮-舒巴坦等耐药率较低.结论 革兰阳性菌对糖肽类抗生素耐药率低;肠杆菌科细菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南、头孢哌酮-舒巴坦、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦和阿米卡星等耐药率低.     

铜陵市部分医院细菌耐药性监测与分析

Objective To investigate the bacterial resistance of clinical isolates collected in Tongling area.Methods The clinical isolates were collected in Tongling area from Jananuary to December in 2007.Antimicrobial susceptibility test were conducted by Kirby-Bauer method.Results Of 1375 clinical isolates,399 strains(29.0%)were gram positive bacteria,and 976 strains(71.0%)were gram negative bacteria.Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)accounted for 18.4% of staphylococcus aureus,while methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci(MRCNS)were 70.0% of coagulase negative staphylococci(CNS)respectively.MRSA and MRCNS were highly resistant to gentamicin,ciprofloxacin,clindamycin and erythromycin;but displayed lower resistance to rifampicin,chloramphenicol and nitrofurantion.No vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus strain was found.The resistance rates of Enterococcus faecalis were relatively low to penicillin,ampicillin,nitro furantion,fosfomycin and chloramphenicol.No vancomycin or teicoplanin-resistant enterococcus faecalis was isolated.The resistance rates of E.faecium were lower to fosfomycin and chloramphenicol.Two strains of vancomycin-resistant E.faecium were identified.About of 49.3% of E.coli and 35.9% of Klebsiella isolates produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases(ESBLs).The resistance rates of ESBLs-producing strains to 20 antimicrobial agents were much higher than those of ESBLs nonproducing ones.No imipenem or meropenem-resistant isolate was found.The resistance rate of non-fermenters was lower to imipenem,meropenem,cefoperazone-sulbactam,piperacillin-tazobactam,ceftazidime,cefepime,amikacin or ciprofloxacin.Conclusion The resistance rate of gram positive bacteria is lower to glycopeptides.The resistance rate of gram negative bacilli is lower to imipenem,meropenem,cefoperazone-sulbactam,and piperacillin-tazobactam.Surveillance of bacterial resistance is of great importance for rational use of antibiotics and reducing the emergence of resistance.