组合式膜分离对银黄方水煎剂中有效成分分离的研究

目的:探讨膜分离技术用于银黄口服液制备的可行性.方法:采用超滤和纳滤组合方式对银黄水煎液进行分离、浓缩,用HPLC法,以有效成分黄芩苷、绿原酸为检测指标,与水煎液相应成分比较,计算收率.结果:所得纳滤膜浓缩液有效成分收率黄芩苷84.12%,绿原酸91.30%;澄明度好.结论:膜分离方法用于银黄水煎剂中有效成分的分离,有效成分收率高、澄明度好,工艺合理、简单可行.     

中药疗法改善中度氟骨症患者肢体关节功能的随机对照研究

Objective To observe the improving effect in joint function of moderate skeletal fluorosis treated by traditional Chinese medication(main ingredient was Strychnine).Methods From December 2007 to July 2009,120 moderate skeletal fluorosis patients met the inclusion criteria were divided into the treatment group(60 cases)and the control group(60 cases)in the skeletal fluorosis hospital of Xinzhou,the treatment group was given basic treatment and traditional Chinese medication,the control group wa8 given basic treatment and placebo.The treatment lasted 12 weeks,follow up 24 weeks.Before treatment,after treatment 4 weeks,8 weeks,12 weeks,36 weeks,a third party evaluate comprehensive function of both upper and lower limb and joint dysfunction.Results The main effect of both drugs was statistically significance in the scores of the upper forearm in the finger by touching the posterior contralateral ear, upper arm touched by the finger back in the opposite corner subscapularis function, lower limb function and single-joint dysfunction(F values were 4.08,14.32,35.81,13.02, all P<0.05), the main effect of time also was significant (F values were 82.63,72.82,277.33,328.16, all P<0.05),①the upper forearm in the finger by touching the posterior contralateral ear functions:At the time of 8,12 weeks,scores of the treatment group were lower than those of before treatment and control group (all P<0.05);At the time of 36 weeks,scores of the treatment group were lower than that 12 weeks(all P<0.05);At the time of 8,12,36 weeks, scores of the control group were lower than those of before treatment(all P < 0.05);②upper arm function, namely fingers touching the opposite corner subscapularis:At the time of 4,8,12 weeks, scores of the treatment group were lower than those of before treatment(all P<0.05); At the time of 36 weeks, scores of the treatment group were lower than that 12 weeks(all P<0.05); At the time of 8,12,36 weeks, scores of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group (all P<0.05);③Lower extremity functions: At the time of 8,12 weeks,scores of the treatment group were lower than those of before treatment and control group (all P<0.05);At the time of 36 weeks, scores of the treatment group were lower than that 12 weeks(all P<0.05) ; At the time of 8,12,36 weeks, scores of the control group were lower than those of before treatment (all P<0.05);④single joint functions:At the time of 4,8,12 weeks,scores of the treatment group were lower than those of before treatment(all P<0.05); At the time of 36 weeks,scores of the treatment group were lower than that 12 weeks(all P<0.05) ; At the time of 8,12,36 weeks, scores of the control group were lower than those of before treatment(all P<0.05);At the time of 4,8,12,36 weeks, scores of the treatment group were lower than those of control group(all P<0.05);⑤At the end of treatment and follow-up,the improvement rate in joint functions in the treatment group were 88.33% (53/60),93.33% (56/60); the control group were 28.07%(16/57),40.35%(23/57), (Fisher test, P<0.01,X2=56.21, P<0.01). Conclusion Traditional Chinese medication(its main ingredient is Strychnine), an effective drug for improving joint dysfunction in patients suffering from moderate skeletal fluorosis, is simple and effective.     

中药髓复康对恒河猴脊髓半切后S-100、tau蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨中药髓复康对恒河猴脊髓半切后S-100、 tau蛋白表达的作用及其机制.方法:8岁恒河猴,随机分为中药治疗组、横段脊髓模型组和正常对照组.采用双盲法复制脊髓胸12右侧半横断损伤模型,灌胃髓复康1个月后,实验恒河猴以损伤部位为中心切取长1cm的脊髓,采用常规SABC免疫组织化学方法检测S-100、 tau蛋白表达.结果:脊髓S100蛋白免疫组织化学阳性细胞数量,模型组略高于正常对照组,中药组略高于模型组.脊髓S100蛋白免疫组织化学阳性细胞的平均光密度(MOD),模型组略低于正常对照组,中药组略高于模型组.脊髓tau蛋白免疫组织化学阳性细胞数量,模型组和中药组略低于正常对照组.脊髓tau蛋白免疫组织化学阳性细胞的平均光密度,模型组略高于正常对照组,中药组略高于模型组,明显高于正常对照组.结论:髓复康可以改善再生环境,促进微管相关蛋白tau的表达,促进轴突再生.     

HPLC法测定郭氏马钱汤中士的宁和马钱子碱的含量

目的:建立HPLC测定郭氏马钱汤中士的宁和马钱子碱的含量测定方法。方法:采用Kromasil-C18(4.6mm&#215;250mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相为乙腈-0.01mol.L-1庚烷磺酸钠与0.02mol.L-1磷酸二氢钾等量混合溶液(用10%的磷酸调pH值2.8)(19:81);检测波长为260nm;柱温35℃。结果:士的宁和马钱子碱的进样量分别在(0.46～5.98)μg,(0.20～4.00)μg与其色谱峰面积呈良好线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为100.3%,101.3%。结论:本法简单、准确,可用于郭氏马钱汤中士的宁和马钱子碱的质量控制。     

三七透明质酸钠凝胶对家兔硬膜外瘢痕中成纤维细胞凋亡的影响

目的：研究三七透明质酸钠凝胶（以下简称“三七凝胶”）对硬膜外瘢痕组织中成纤维细胞凋亡的影响。方法：选取大耳白品系家兔作为实验动物,制作家兔椎板切除模型,在硬膜囊周围分别滴加三七凝胶、三七浓缩液、透明质酸钠、生理盐水,于术后第2、4、8周取材。通过末端脱氧核糖核苷酸转移酶（TdT）介导的原位缺口末端标记法（Tunel）和原位杂交法观察各组局部硬膜外瘢痕中成纤维细胞凋亡及半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3（Caspase-3）的表达情况。结果：对硬膜外瘢痕中成纤维细胞凋亡的Tunel染色显示,三七凝胶组在第2、4、8周的细胞凋亡指数显著高于生理盐水组和透明质酸钠组（P〈0.01）,且于第2周与三七浓缩液组无明显差异;透明质酸钠组在第2、4、8周与生理盐水组均无明显差异（P〉0.05）。原位杂交检测Caspase-3表达的结果显示,实验第2周时三七凝胶组的Caspase-3表达量最高,较其他各组均具有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,三七浓缩液组较生理盐水组高,有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;第4周时各组间均无统计学差异;第8周时三七凝胶组的Caspase-3表达量均显著高于生理盐水、三七浓缩液及透明质酸钠组（分别P〈0.01,0.01,0.05）。结论：三七凝胶可明显诱导成纤维细胞凋亡,促进凋亡执行因子Caspase-3的表达;透明质酸钠对瘢痕中成纤维细胞凋亡的影响不大;三七凝胶诱导瘢痕中成纤维细胞凋亡的机制可能与促进Caspase-3的表达有关。     

单味黄连及其在复方中的量效关系实验研究

 目的 探讨不同剂量下,黄连及其复方黄连解毒汤的抗炎效果及抑菌作用,为临床合理使用黄连的剂量提供初步的实验依据。方法 采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型、醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加模型及鲍氏志贺氏菌模型,观察体内抗炎及体外抑菌作用。黄连（单）1～4组及黄连解毒汤（复）1～4组分别给予含黄连生药3.0,1.5,0.75,0.3 g·kg-1水煎药液;阳性药组给予阿司匹林0.2 g·kg-1;正常组和模型组给予等体积蒸馏水。均灌胃给药,连续5 d,每日1次。分别于末次给药后30,40 min用二甲苯涂抹小鼠左耳两面、醋酸腹腔注射造模,称量两耳片质量、检测腹腔涮洗液吸光度值。将不同浓度的黄连及黄连解毒汤水煎液（1～5组）制成药敏纸片,贴于涂布鲍氏志贺氏菌的mH琼脂平板上,24 h后观察抑菌环大小。结果 模型组小鼠耳肿胀度明显增加（P＜0.01）,与模型组比较,阳性药组、单1～4组、复1～3组,可明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀度（P＜0.01,P＜0.05）;除单1与单4外,单味药各组间无明显差异,复方各组间无明显差异。模型组小鼠腹腔涮洗液吸光度值（A）明显增加（P＜0.01）,与模型组比较,阳性药组、单1～3组、复1～3组,可明显降低腹腔涮洗液A值,抑制醋酸致腹腔毛细血管通透性增加（P＜0.01,P＜0.05）;单1～3组组间、复1～3组组间均无明显差异。单味及复方各剂量组对鲍氏志贺氏菌均有抑制作用,抑菌环随剂量增大而增大;单3～5、复3～5抑菌强度无差别。结论 黄连及其复方黄连解毒汤均具有抗炎、抗菌作用,在临床常用剂量范围内,其作用效果与剂量无明显正相关性。     

HPLC测定玉红生肌膏中芝麻素的含量

香油为芝麻科芝麻属植物芝麻Sesamumindicum L.的成熟种子炒制后用压榨法得到的脂肪油,能润燥通便,解毒,生肌。在中药烫伤膏中常用来提取药材并作为基质使用[1]。香油中除脂肪油外,还有木质素类化合物,如芝麻素,芝麻酚林,芝麻酚等,这些化合物具有保肝、抗氧化等功效[2]。香油用于烫伤软膏制剂,其多种成分同时也对烫伤起了治疗作用,可以认为香油在中药烫伤膏中起到了基质和药物的双重作用。玉红生肌膏为经验方,由生地、当归、紫     

复方中药银黄口服液有效成分膜分离工艺及正交实验研究

目的：探讨膜分离技术对复方中药有效成分的影响因素。方法：以有效成分黄芩苷、绿原酸为检测指标，采用正交实验法优选膜分离工艺条件。结果：所得口服液与水煎液比较，绿原酸和黄芩苷膜分离的转移率分别是96．82％，92．37％；正交结果显示加水量、加水点对含量有显著影响。结论：膜分离技术可用于复方中药银黄口服液的制备；影响膜分离效果的因素为过滤液的加水量及加水点，在一定范围内，加水点偏后及加水量较多时有效成分收率高。     

不同制备工艺银黄方中有效成分分析

目的:应用梯度洗脱高效液相色谱法,对2种制备工艺的银黄方中有效成分及含量进行分析比较。方法:采用DiamonsilC18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液作流动相梯度洗脱,以流速1.0 mL·min-1,在检测波长276 nm和328 nm处测定银黄方中有效成分绿原酸、黄芩苷和汉黄芩苷的含量。结果:绿原酸在0.011 8～0.059μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为98.30%;黄芩苷在0.19～9.5μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为102.87%;汉黄芩苷在0.010 4～0.52μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为104.33%。银黄方膜分离工艺得到3种成分固含量总和(>50%)高于银黄口服液(13.36%)。结论:本法可用于银黄方中上述3种成分的含量测定,膜分离工艺得到的有效部位含量占提取物的50%以上。     

基于药性组合模式的3种腰痛方剂聚类分析

目的研究腰痛方剂在“性、味结合归经”层面上的配伍关系,揭示其内在规律。方法筛选古籍文献中治疗肾虚、寒湿和瘀血腰痛的方剂,信息标准化后建立Access数据库,量化处理每个方剂的性味归经,并以此为变量对每种证型的方剂分别聚类分析。结果每种腰痛方剂聚为5个主类时以性微温或温,味辛甘苦,归肾肝脾为主。药性组合特征：肾虚型：甘-微温-肾肝（63％）;辛甘苦-微温-肝脾肾（23％）;辛苦-温-肾脾（4％）;辛甘-热-肾脾心（4％）;苦甘-微寒-肾肝（3％）。寒湿型：苦辛-微温-肾肝（31％）;辛甘-温。肾肝（26％）;辛苦-温-脾胃（14％）;甘-微温-肝肾（12％）;甘-温-脾胃（11％）。瘀血型：辛苦-微温-肝（27％）;甘苦-微温-肾肝（23％）;辛甘-温-肝肾（21％）;辛苦-微温-脾。肾肝（13％）;辛-温-肝脾（7％）。结论方剂的组合药性聚类能够反映治则治法的科学内涵,可为配伍规律的研究提供新思路。