褪黑素对内毒素血症大鼠血清炎性因子的影响

目的探讨褪黑素(MT)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的内毒素血症大鼠炎性因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)和抗炎因子IL-10表达的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠48只,分为溶剂对照组、LPS组、LPS+MT组、MT组,每组12只。检测各组大鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量;应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10含量。结果 LPS+MT组的血清SOD活性较LPS组明显增高(P<0.01),MDA含量较LPS组明显降低(P<0.01);LPS组大鼠血清TNF-α,IL-6含量明显上升,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而给予LPS前后应用MT干预治疗,可显著降低血清TNF-α、IL-6含量,与同时间点LPS组比较均差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 MT可以降低内毒素血症大鼠血清炎性因子水平。     

成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病患病率分析及其与体重指数的关系研究

目的探讨临床初诊为2型糖尿病患者中LADA的检出率、临床特点及其与体重指数(BMI)的关系。方法对1 245例临床初诊为2型糖尿病的患者测定其GAD-Ab、ICA、IAA、空腹及餐后2h胰岛素及C-肽、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)等。结果 1 245例患者中LADA的检出率为7.63%;病程≤2年者其LADA检出率为8.51%,病程>2年者其LADA检出率为4.92%;阳性组HbA1c、空腹血糖及餐后2h血糖均高于阴性组,C-肽及胰岛素均低于阴性组;体重过低组及正常组LADA检出率较高。结论临床初诊为2型糖尿病的患者特别是体重指数过低或正常的患者,应测定其GAD-Ab、ICA、IAA、空腹及餐后2h胰岛素及C-肽、HbA1c,有助于LADA的早期诊断及胰岛β细胞功能的保护。     

不同剂量6%HES 130/0.4容量治疗对失血性休克大鼠肺损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of volume therapy with different doses of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 (6% HES 130/0.4) on lung injury in a rat model of hemonhagic shock.Methods Twenty-four male SD rats weighing 220-300 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 6 each) : group I sham operation (group S); group II Ringer's solution (group RS); group HI and IV 2 HES groups (group H1, H2 ). The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 1% sodium pentobarbital 45 ing/kg. Right common carotid artery (CCA) and left femoral vein were cannulated for blood letting, MAP monitoring, fluid administration and blood sampling. Hemonhagic shock was induced by withdrawing blood from right CCA in group II , III and IV . MAP was reduced to 35-45 mmHg which was maintained for 90 min. In group RS, hemorrhagic shock was resuscitated with Ringer's solution 3 times of the volume of blood withdrawn, while group H1 and H2 received HES 33 and 50 ml/kg respectively and Ringer' s solution (the total volume was equal to 3 times of the volume of blood removed) . Arterial blood samples were taken before blood letting (T0 , baseline), and at 2, 3 h after volume therapy (T1,2) for blood gas analysis and PaO2/FiO2 was calculated. The animals were then sacrificed by exsanguination and the lungs were immediately removed for microscopic examination and determination of protein concentration in broncho-alveolar lavage fuid (BALF), W/D lung weight ratio and TNF-α, IL-1 β and IL-10 contents in the lung.Results TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 content in the lung, protein concentration in BALF and W/D ratio were significantly higher in group RS, H1 and H2, while PaO2/FiO2 was significantly lower at T,2 in group RS and at T2 in group H2 than in group S (P < 0.05). TNF-α and IL-1β contents in the lung, protein concentration in BALF and W/D ratio were significantly lower in group H1 and H2 , while PaO2/FiO2 was significantly higher at T,i2 in group H1 and at T1 in group H2 than in group RS (P <0.05) . PaO2/FiO2 at T2 and IL-10 content in the lung were significantly lower in group H2 than in group H, ( P < 0.05) . The lung damage was significantly ameliorated in group H1 and H2 especially in group H, as compared with group RS. Conclusion Volume therapy with 6% HES 130/0.4 33 or 50 ml/kg can attenuate lung injury in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock and the efficacy of 33 ml/kg is better.     

脊柱结核有限性病灶清除术的临床研究

目的探讨有限性结核病灶清除术治疗脊柱稳定性未完全破坏的脊柱结核的疗效。方法 2005年1月至2009年12月手术治疗成人胸、腰椎脊柱稳定性未完全破坏的脊柱结核患者98例,男56例,女42例;年龄22～73岁,平均36.2岁;病史3～48个月,平均17个月。按入院顺序随机分为2组：对照组50例行彻底的病灶清除术,实验组48例行有限性结核病灶清除术。术后随访3个月至3年,对比2组患者手术后疗效、并发症和经济费用。结果所有患者术后切口均一期愈合,无局部窦道形成。2组术后疗效综合评判差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。实验组手术时间明显较对照组缩短[（2.5±0.5）vs（3.5±0.5）h,P〈0.01];出血量明显少于对照组[（350±48）vs（450±50）ml,P〈0.01];脊柱畸形矫正角度小于对照组（17.8°±5.1°vs22.8°±6.3°,P〈0.01）;治疗费用低于对照组[（3.5±1.3）vs（6.5±2.2）万元,P〈0.01]。结论有限性脊柱结核病灶清除术对于脊柱稳定性未完全破坏的患者,尤其是经济条件较差的患者不失为一种经济有效的治疗手段。     

浅谈西京医院标识导向系统

介绍西京医院的标识设计思路和设计理念,表达出一切为了病人的体会。     

前列腺素E1治疗糖尿病肾病的疗效观察

目的:观察前列腺素E1(PGE1)治疗糖尿病肾病的临床疗效.方法:78例糖尿病肾病患者随机分为前列腺素E1(PGE1)和黄芪组,治疗3周.结果:两组治疗后较正常对照组VA及GFR均明显下降,且无毒副作用.结论:PGE1对糖尿病肾病患者具有良好的治疗作用.     

多层螺旋CT输尿管病变三维重建诊断价值及临床应用

探讨多层螺旋CT输尿管三维重建技术（MSCTIVU）对输尿管病变的诊断价值方法对31例输尿管占位性病变患者多层螺旋CT容积扫描及三维重建分析研究,结果52例受检患者,输尿管结石30例,原发输尿管癌12例,邻近器官恶性肿瘤累及输尿管10例,MSCTIVU能清晰地显示输尿管走行、腔内改变、梗阻部位及原因,同时显示管壁及腔外情况,完全符合诊断要求。MSCTIVU是诊断输尿管占位性病变较好的影像学检查方法.     

囊壁软骨切除术治疗耳廓假性囊肿112例

临床治疗耳廓假性囊肿的方法很多,但均难以一次治愈,且易复发,易留下耳廓局部增厚,影响美观等缺点。我们根据其病理学改变是软骨间积液的特点,采用彻底切除囊肿部位软骨的治疗方法,取得了良好的疗效。     

16层计算机断层摄影结合多平面重建技术在胆管阻塞病人中的应用

[目的]评价16层计算机断层摄影结合多平面重建技术在胆管阻塞病人中的应用。[方法]使用16层计算机断层摄影结合多平面重建技术(MPR)对60例被认为患有胆管阻塞的病人进行诊断。诊断中没有使用任何胆管造影剂。其中24例病人接受了磁共振胰胆管造影成像(MRCP)检查,16例病人进行了逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)检查,28例病人进行了活组织切片检查或外科手术。我们将16层计算机断层摄影检查结果与磁共振胰胆管造影成像、逆行胰胆管造影、活组织切片检查及外科手术的结果进行了对比。以手术病理结果为标准。[结果]检查结果如下:胆总管结石(34例),恶性狭窄(14例),良性狭窄(2例),胆石症(12例)。1例病人的一枚小胆总管结石16层计算机断层摄影未能检出。2例16层计算机断层摄影初诊为胆管结石的病人在接受其他相关检查时诊断为恶性胆管狭窄。16层计算机断层摄影诊断胆管结石的准确率为91.1%。16层计算机断层摄影诊断胆管狭窄的准确率为87.5%。[结论]16层计算机断层摄影及多平面重建技术是一种快速和无创技术,在诊断胆管阻塞原因方面具有相当高的准确性。     

老年患者手术中椎管内麻醉的应用体会

随着我国老龄化趋势及医学技术的不断发展,老年患者手术越来越多。老年人全身器官功能减退,组织细胞发生退行性改变,为了确保手术的成功,麻醉医师必须掌握老年人的生理、病理特点以及老年患者麻醉的特殊性,才能使老年患者更安全的渡过围手术期。回顾性分析我院2009年9月-2010年9月50例老年患者施行椎管内麻醉的体会,现报道如下。