小儿氯胺酮麻醉恢复期的呼吸道管理

目的 探讨小儿氯胺酮麻醉恢复期呼吸道的管理措施.方法 对笔者所在医院收治的200例小儿氯胺酮麻醉恢复期的呼吸管理进行回顾性分析.结果 200例小儿氯胺酮麻醉恢复期呼吸道管理措施得当,平安度过.结论 小儿氯胺酮麻醉恢复期正确的呼吸道管理可以使患儿平稳度过麻醉恢复期.     

PET/CT在评价及观察大鼠肺癌放疗效果中的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to understand the role of PET/CT in monitoring the therapeutic effect of radiotherapy (RT) on lung cancer with Wistar rats. Methods Thirty Wistar in-bred strain rats (6-8 weeks, weighed 180-280 g, female, ordinary) were made into Lewis pulmonary tumor model rats. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT was performed when tumor reached 1.5-2.0 cm in greatest diameter (4-6 weeks) as a baseline. In order to get the optimal time point of PET/CT for moni-toring RT effect in rat cancer model, PET/CT was performed at the 3rd day, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th week after giving single dose of 5 Gy to each rat. Standardized uptake values (SUV) from FDG PET were measured and rats were sacrificed at different time point for validation. Besides, the expressions of glucose transport1 (Glut1) in tumor tissue were studied using immunohistochemistry. The level of tumor cell apoptosis, degra-dation, and necrosis were observed. SPSS 11.0 software was used for data analyses. Results A negative correlation of SUV uptake and time after RT and negative correlation of Glut1 expression and time after RT were observed in rat tumors, respectively. Positive correlation of SUV uptake and Glut1 expression in rat tumors was observed (Spearman rank correlation test, rs = 0.97, P < 0.01). Before RT, the SUV in rat tumor was 1.28 ± 0.31 and was decrease to 1. 00 ± 0.23 at the 3rd day and 0.18 ± 0. 10 at the 4th week after RT (F=15. 126, P<0.05). Before RT, the Glut1 in rat tumor was 0.2558 ±0.03 and was decrease to 0. 2320 ± 0. 01 at the 3rd day and 0. 1320±0.04 at the 4th week after RT. The amounts of tumor cell apopto-sis, degradation, and necrosis increased with time after RT. Conclusion Though FDG PET could monitor the therapeutic effect at the 3rd day after giving single dose of RT to rat lung tumor model, the optimal time was the the 4th week after treatment.     

卡维地洛的降压及肾脏保护作用观察

目的观察卡维地洛的降压疗效及其对尿微量白蛋白（Alb）和β2-微球蛋白（β2-MG）排泄的影响。方法采用自身对照法观察50例轻、中度高血压患者，所有患者停用降压药物2周，然后口服卡维地洛，开始3d为6，25mg／次，2次／d，以后改为12．50mg／次，2次／d，如2周后血压仍≥140／90mmHg，则剂量倍增到25，00mg／次，2次／d，至24周结束。测定治疗前、后24hAlb和β2-MG的排泄。结果24周后显效19例，有效24例，无效7例，有效率为86％。50例患者治疗前、后SBP、DBP、Alb和β2-MG间差异有非常显著性意义（P〈0.01）。结论卡维地洛是治疗轻、中度高血压的一种安全有效的降压药物，同时能减少Alb和β2-MG的排泄，对肾脏具有保护作用，且不影响血脂及糖代谢。     

药师角色一次有别传统的界定指导合理用药,参与新药临床研究

不久前,首届中国药师大会在北京举办,卫生部部长陈竺在大会所作发言中提出:中国的药师应为建立具有中国特色的药物创新体系做出更大贡献.陈竺特别强调了在中国建立临床研究基地及医疗机构中加强临床药师队伍建设的重要性,希望药师们不仅更好的指导临床合理用药,还应该在药物创新与临床药学中发挥更大的作用.     

力学刺激促进骨髓基质干细胞体外软骨分化

目的探讨离心力刺激对猪骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)体外成软骨分化的作用,以及对三维支架上构建组织工程化软骨的影响,明确力学刺激与细胞分化及组织形成的关系,为体外软骨构建提供适当参数。方法抽取8周龄猪髂嵴骨髓,应用贴壁法分选单个核细胞,体外培养扩增后获得第2代BMSCs,以5.0×107/cm3的细胞密度接种到聚羟基乙酸(PGA)制成的圆柱形三维支架上,7d后分成4组,在不同的力学条件及诱导条件下培养。8周后取材,行相关检测。结果力学诱导组形成的组织呈白色,细腻光泽,形状规则,体积无明显改变,有良好的弹性和硬度,并具有典型的软骨陷窝结构和大量软骨特异性细胞外基质,Ⅱ型胶原及丰富的聚合蛋白多糖(GAG)成分。GAG含量为(6.0±1.2)mg/g,抗压强度为(2.2±0.8)kPa,弹性模量为(7.4±1.6)kPa。各项指标均明显优于其他各组。结论力学刺激有利于促进BMSCs成软骨分化,并在三维支架材料上构建组织工程化软骨。     

泽桂癃爽联合复方新诺明片治疗慢性前列腺炎的临床观察

目的:观察泽桂癃爽联合复方新诺明片治疗慢性前列腺炎。方法:采用泽桂癃爽联合复方新诺明片治疗84例(治疗组),单用复方新诺明片治疗慢性前列腺炎72例(对照组),观察用药前后前列腺炎症状评分CPSI和前列腺液EPS指标变化,并进行疗效评估,疗程8周。结果:治疗组有效率为90.4%,对照组有效率为66.6%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.74,P=0.009)。结论:泽桂癃爽联合复方新诺明治疗慢性前列腺炎,能提高疗效,缩短疗程,减少不良反应。     

儿童非器质性眩晕

儿童眩晕属常见病，引起儿童眩晕的原因较多，如各种内耳病、颅内新生物和若干全身性疾病等。在耳科较常见的是一种反复发作的非器质性眩晕，这类儿童来就诊时多已为学龄儿童，在紧张劳累后容易发作眩晕，如考试、感染、烈日下活动、看电视过久、休息或睡眠不足、气候骤变等常成为诱发眩晕的原因。这类眩晕具有外周性眩晕的特点，发作多较快，不能保持平衡，伴眼震及恶心、苍白、手足发凉、唾液增多等自主神经系统症状和体征。有部分患儿在眩晕前和（或）发作时感一侧或双侧颞部、眶部或顶枕部头痛。     

钛缆在腰椎峡部裂治疗中的应用

2000年6月∽2003年5月，我们采用钛缆固定横突与棘突峡部植骨融合治疗无滑脱或Ⅰ度以内滑脱的腰椎峡部裂患者17例，经过6个月以上的随访，取得满意疗效。