脑血管病人主要照顾者心身障碍调查及其影响因素分析

作者通过对病后三个月１０８例脑血管病病人及其主要照顾者心身健康状况调查发现：由于照顾病人，２８名（２５．９％）照顾者认为健康受到影响，２７人（２５．０％）合并抑郁障碍，１５人（１３．９％）合并焦虑障碍，并且出现各种应激症状，如睡眠被打扰，担心病人出意外等。多因素相关分析提示照顾合并心理障碍的病人及所受社会支持不良者更易出现抑郁、焦虑障碍，应激水平也较高，结果提示为提高医疗服务质量，干预的对象应扩展到照顾者，甚至到整个家庭     

白内障晶状体上皮细胞及晶状体纤维超微结构的观察

应用胎儿晶状体发育的超微结构为形态学依据,观察老年性、外伤性、先天性白内障晶状体的超微结构.结果:老年性白内障晶状体上皮多数细胞膜破裂,作者首先发现其原因是相邻细胞顶部的紧密连结缺失,房水侵入所致.胞质中线粒体空泡化,内质网扩张、脱粒.晶状体纤维膨胀、崩溃.细胞之间的各种连结消失.外伤性白内障除具有白内障特点外,胞质中出现大量溶酶体、残体.1例先天性白内障,上皮细胞发育尚好,晶体纤维不发育.     

Urinary leukotriene E(4), eosinophil protein X, and nasal eosinophil cationic protein are not associated with respiratory symptoms in 1-year-old children

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic airways inflammation forms the pathophysiologic basis for a proportion of children at risk of developing recurrent wheezing. Early preventive measures and/or anti-inflammatory treatment may be guided by the identification of such children. We aimed to study the relationship between respiratory symptoms and indirect markers of airway inflammation. METHODS: We measured eosinophil protein X (EPX) and leukotriene E(4) (LTE(4)) in urine, as well as eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in nasal lavages, in a random sample of 1-year-old children with a family history of atopy who participated in an international multicenter study on the prevention of allergy in Europe. For urine analyses, 10 children with upper respiratory illness and 19 healthy children without a family history of atopy were also enrolled. Endogenous urinary LTE(4) was separated by HPLC and determined by enzyme immunoassay with a specific antibody. The concentrations of nasal ECP and urinary EPX were determined by RIA analysis. RESULTS: One hundred and ten children (mean age: 1.05+/-0.1 years) were enrolled. Prolonged coughing during the first year of life was reported in 29 children, wheezy breathing in 17 children, and dry skin in 33 children. A doctor's diagnosis of wheezy bronchitis was given to 17 children. Sensitization to dust mites (specific IgE > or =1.43 ML/units) was detected in two children. Children with a doctor's diagnosis of atopic dermatitis within the first 12 months of life (n=6) had significantly higher urinary EPX than children without this (66.7 vs 30.1 microg/mmol creatinine, P=0.01). Urinary excretion of EPX and LTE4 showed a weak correlation (r=0.22, P=0.02). There were no significant differences in urinary excretion of EPX and LTE(4) or nasal ECP between children with and without respiratory symptoms (P>0.1). CONCLUSIONS: At the age of 1 year, urinary EPX is increased in children with atopic dermatitis. With regard to respiratory symptoms, urinary and nasal inflammatory parameters are not helpful in characterizing the phenotype of a single patient.     

外源性IL-4基因表达对K562细胞增殖及死亡的影响

目的：观察外源性ＩＬ－４对Ｋ５６２增殖及死亡的影响。方法：用逆转录病毒载体将ＩＬ－４ｃＤＮＡ导入Ｋ５６２细胞,检测其增殖反应,用流式细胞依及ＤＮＡ片段凝胶电泳检测细胞增殖周期及凋亡情况,用台盼蓝排除法计数死亡细胞。结果：高表达ＩＬ－４的Ｋ５６２细胞增殖反应明显低于表达株。亲代Ｋ５６２株;前者２过程中死亡细胞百分率明显升高且可被ＩＬ－４单克隆抗体阻断,但其自发凋亡细胞数及增殖周期均无改变。结论Ｌ：外     

汉区少数民族学生文化疏离感研究

目的:提出文化疏离感的操作性定义和初步的理论构想,为我国少数民族的文化认同和文化适应,以及少数民族青少年的教育培养提供比较重要的参考资料,为疏离感理论的丰富起到一定积极作用.方法:自编<汉区少数民族学生文化疏离感量表>,进行信效度考察以后对678名汉区少数民族学生进行调查.结果:1.文化疏离感及其四个子维度在地区主效应上均表现出显著差异,在年龄主效应上差异不显著;文化分离感和不和谐感在性别主效应上差异显著.2.文化疏离感及其两个子维度(文化孤立感和文化分离感)在年龄和地区,以及在年龄、地区和性别的交互作用上均表现出显著差异.3.影响文化疏离感及其文化孤立感、文化分离感、被控感三个维度的主要变量是学生小学前后居住地区的改变,而影响不和谐感的主要变量是性别.结论:小学前后居住地的改变会影响少数民族学生文化疏离感.     

中药赤芍对球囊损伤术后血管重构的干预研究

目的 观察中药赤芍防止球囊损伤术后血管重构作用。方法 新西兰白兔随机分为对照组、单纯高脂组、赤芍高剂量组、低剂量组。高脂喂养6周建立动脉粥样硬化模型,行颈动脉球囊损伤术,8周时取材作病理形态学检查。结果(1)与高脂组比较,赤芍高、低剂量组增生内膜面积、中层面积,内膜、中膜、外膜PCNA阳性着色均显著减少(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(2)各组内皮增生成分主要为平滑肌细胞;巨噬细胞阳性着色主要分布在外膜,与高脂组比较,赤芍高、低剂量组阳性着色较少。(3)高脂组动脉损伤侧外膜Ⅰ型胶原增多,赤芍组Ⅰ型胶原增加较少。结论 赤芍对高脂喂养兔颈动脉球囊损伤术后血管重构有显著防止作用。     

100例空洞性肺癌——病理形态及形成机制的探讨

空洞性肺癌100例(男81:女19),年龄30～72岁,平均54.65岁,两肺上叶和下叶分别为61例及29例,从临床病理、肿瘤大体解剖和组织学分型作了详细描述,并对缺血、支气管阻塞和继发感染、生理性细胞死亡、瘤细胞自溶机制和细胞毒性因子在肺癌形成空洞中的作用作了讨论。     

抗兔μ链和抗兔γ链血清的制备及初步应用

用常规生化方法提取正常兔血清中的IgM,用吸附法制备抗兔μ链血清。免疫电泳证明所制备的抗兔μ链血清与兔全血清仅有一条沉淀线,与兔IgG、IgA没有交叉反应。与抗兔μ链结合的兔血清成份有抗体活性,对2-巯基乙醇敏感;分子排阻层析证明,分子量与入骨髓瘤IgM相同。同时制备了抗兔Υ链血清。应用这二种血清检测经福氏2a志贺氏免疫兔的血清抗体证明它们分别对IgM、IgG有特异性,可用于观察免疫后特异IgM、lgG抗体产生的动态规律。     

新城疫病毒pIRHN核酸疫苗构建和表达及对肿瘤细胞的影响

目的：研究NDV HN基因抗肿瘤作用及其可能机制。方法：以 pIRES1neo为表达载体构建了 NDV HN基因的pIRHN核酸疫苗，在体外转染HeLa细胞，用间接免疫荧光和Western blot检测pIRHN在真核细胞中表达状况，用荧光显微镜、DNA琼脂糖电泳及TUNEL染色等方法，检测HN基因导致细胞死亡的类型；用3，5-二羟基甲苯法测定HeLa细胞唾液酸含量的变化。结果：pIRHN 转染HeLa细胞后，能够在真核细胞中表达，能促进肿瘤细胞死亡，其死亡方式主要以诱导细胞凋亡为主，pIRHN使 HeLa细胞唾液酸含量减少。结论：用 NDV HN基因所构建的核酸疫苗能够在真核细胞中高效表达，表达的 HN蛋白主要位于胞膜，胞浆中亦有 HN蛋白表达；pIRHN具有抗肿瘤作用，可能通过其表达产物与肿瘤细胞唾液酸受体的相互作用，发挥其抗肿瘤作用。本实验为迸一步阐明NDV抗肿瘤作用机制提供了理论依据。