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31.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Chinese Version of the Trail‐Making Test for Screening Cognitive Impairment 下载免费PDF全文
Ting Li MM Jingnian Ni MD Xuekai Zhang PhD Yumeng Li MD student Shenghua Kang MD student Fuyun Ma MD student Hengge Xie MD Bin Qin MD Dongsheng Fan MD Liping Zhang MD Yongyan Wang MD Jinzhou Tian MD PhD 《Journal of the American Geriatrics Society》2018,66(1):92-99
Background/Objectives
The Trail‐Making Test (TMT), which is commonly used to measure executive function, consists of two components (TMT‐A and TMTB). There is a lack of normative TMT data for Chinese elderly adults. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the TMT in screening for cognitive impairment.Design
2,294 Chinese‐speaking adults aged 50 to 85: 1,026 with normal cognition (NC), 462 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 108 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 113 with vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI), 121 with vascular dementia (VaD), 282 with uncertain types of dementia, and 15 with mixed dementia. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to test the ability of TMT scores to differentiate between NC and cognitive impairment.Results
Age, education, and sex were significantly associated with TMT completion time. The TMT‐A exhibited sensitivity of 77.8% and specificity of 92.0% with cut‐off value of 98.5 seconds for discriminating AD from NC. The TMT‐B had sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 91.8% with a cut‐off value of 188.5 seconds for discriminating AD from NC. The TMT‐A had sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 81.6% for discriminating NC from VaD with a cut‐off value of 77.5 seconds, and the TMT‐s had sensitivity of 81.6% and specificity of 83.9% with a cut‐off value of 147.5 seconds. The TMT had less sensitivity distinguishing MCI from NC.Conclusion
The Chinese version of the TMT is reliable for detecting AD or VaD but poor at distinguishing MCI from NC. 相似文献32.
DMD PhDAlan A. Lowe Professor Head DDS PhDTakashi Ono Visting clinical assistant professor postdoctoral Fellow BSc MDKathleen A. Ferguson Canadian Lung Association Fellow DDS MSc PhDEung-Kwon Pae Postgraduate student MBC. Frank Ryan Assistant professor andMDJohn A. Fleetham Professor 《American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics》1996,110(6):653-664
33.
Yasusei Okada MD Postgraduate student Hiroko Suzuki MD Junior Lecturer† Ikuo Ishiyama MD Professor‡ 《Australian dental journal》1989,34(4):323-325
A case is described of sudden death occurring after the use of a noradrenaline-containing local anaesthetic. Autopsy revealed a massive subarachnoid haemorrhage following a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. The noradrenaline in the local anaesthetic is thought to be an important factor in the cause of the rupture. It is recommended that preparations containing 1:25,000 noradrenaline not be used. 相似文献
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D.U. BOEHM md resident of breast cancer centre A. LEBRECHT md leading consultant of breast cancer centre T. ECKHARDT doctoral student of university of halle S. ALBRICH md resident of breast cancer centre M. SCHMIDT md head of chemotherapy department W. SIGGELKOW md senior consultant of breast cancer centre E. KANDELHARDT md resident of breast cancer centre & H. KOELBL md director of 《European journal of cancer care》2009,18(5):500-506
About two-thirds of all breast cancer patients are treated with adjuvant hormonal therapy. Side effects of tamoxifen and their effects on physical, emotional and social functioning have been shown to impair the quality of life. Aim of this paper was to evaluate the side effects and level of influence on the physical, emotional and social functioning caused by tamoxifen treatment. For assessment of quality of life an own questionnaire was designed. Between January 2001 and December 2003, 136 women with breast cancer and adjuvant tamoxifen therapy were included in this study. Data of side effects, physical and mental health and patients' self-evaluation identified detrimental effects on patients' quality of life. Prevalence and severity of symptoms were not influenced by length of tamoxifen treatment. Patients were damaged in their constitution in respect to previous chemotherapy and pre-existing diseases; no influence was found by age or histopathological tumour characteristics. Our survey determines that breast cancer patients experience significant influence on quality of life by the negative impact on the physical, emotional and social functioning caused by tamoxifen treatment. Explicit attention to changes in quality of life should be considered as part of the standard care for women receiving adjuvant tamoxifen treatment. 相似文献
36.
MAEdwin van Teijlingen Postgraduate student MA DPhilPeter McCaffery Lecturer 《Midwifery》1987,3(4):178-186
Community midwives in the Netherlands have a greater degree of autonomy in relation to the medical profession than do midwives in most countries. They are independent practitioners having full responsibility for providing continuous care for healthy women who are pregnant, and for conducting ante-natal assessments to ensure that those women with pathology are referred to hospital specialists. The midwives attend over 40% of all deliveries, more than half of which take place in the mother's home (the remainder being short-stay hospital births). General Practitioners (GPs) are precluded by health-insurance regulations from receiving payment for maternity care, except in rural areas where no community midwife is available. Midwives are assisted in home deliveries by maternity home helps, who also take on household tasks for mothers during the first few days. This service is used by more than two-thirds of all mothers, since it is also available after a hospital birth. Its availability helps to explain the continuing high percentage of home confinements in the Netherlands (36%). The Dutch system, giving midwives a high degree of responsibility and of financial independence, can give rise to tensions between midwives and obstetricians, but limits unnecessary medicalisation of childbirth. 相似文献
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Cross‐cultural adaptation,reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Neonatal Skin Risk Assessment Scale 下载免费PDF全文
40.