黄尧洲教授治疗痰湿瘀滞型痤疮经验2则

痤疮痰湿瘀滞证属于较为严重类型,黄尧洲教授在多年的治疗痤疮经验基础上,拟用活血清热药物,针对不同患者临证加减化裁,治疗气滞血瘀型痤疮取得良好疗效。     

Daily assessment of stressful events and coping among post-menopausal women with breast cancer treated with adjuvant chemotherapy

The purpose of the study was twofold: to examine what type of daily stressful events post-menopausal woman with breast cancer experience during adjuvant chemotherapy and how bothersome these are and to identify coping strategies used by these women used to manage such stressful events. The patient group comprised 75 consecutively invited women (≥55 years of age) at two university hospitals and one county hospital in Sweden. The Daily Coping Assessment was used to collect data over time. Data were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Six categories of stressful events were identified: 'nausea and vomiting', 'fatigue', 'other symptoms', 'isolation and alienation', 'fear of the unknown' and 'being controlled by the treatment'. The first three categories were subsumed under the domain physical problems and the latter three under psychosocial problems. Almost 30% of the diary entries recorded no stressful event. Physical problems were three times as frequent as psychosocial problems. 'Nausea/vomiting' was the most frequently observed stressful event (21.6%). 'Isolation and alienation' and 'fear of the unknown' were less frequent, but when they occurred they were rated as the most distressing. Several coping strategies were used to manage each stressful event. The most common strategies were acceptance, relaxation and distraction. Religion was rarely used as a coping strategy.     

Post-surgical irradiation causes cellular immune suppression in patients with breast cancer

According to several studies, even the locoregional irradiation of patients with carcinoma can cause a severe and rather alarming cellular immune defect. We thus designed a prospective research in order to study the effect of post-operative irradiation on cellular immunity in patients suffering from breast cancer. In 35 patients with breast cancer who required post-operative irradiation, four blood samples were taken at indicated point times. Nineteen out of 35 patients received post-surgical chemotherapy before irradiation. The total lymphocytes as well as CD4 and CD8 subpopulations were measured by using flow cytometry analysis. The mean T-lymphocyte (Tol) count dropped from 1487.77 to 1227.91 ( P  = 0.0013) and the CD4+ count from 674.17 to 580.91 ( P  = 0.0189). The mean value of CD8+ dropped from 421.31 to 314.00 ( P  = 0.0003). Moreover, a statistically significant difference regarding the pattern of temporal change was observed between a group of patients that received irradiation only and a group that received radiation therapy (RT) with chemotherapy ( P -values 0.0015, 0.01 and 0.092 for Tol, CD4+ and CD8+ respectively). The group of patients that received RT only presented a more rapid decrease of Tol concerning the decrease observed in the group that underwent chemotherapy and RT.     

分部针刺法治疗急性期肩关节周围炎的临床研究

目的:观察分部针刺法治疗急性期肩关节周围炎的疗效和作用规律。方法:60例急性期肩关节周围炎患者按临床就诊顺序随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例。治疗组选取阿是穴、第4~6颈夹脊、合谷、足三里,对照组选取肩髃、肩前、肩贞、阿是穴、阳陵泉、中平穴。电针刺激,每次30 m in,每周2~3次,共2周。比较观察两种疗法治疗急性期肩关节周围炎的疗效。结果:首次治疗后,治疗组有效率为86.67%,对照组有效率为63.33%,治疗组首次治疗疗效与对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05);疗程治疗后,治疗组有效率为96.67%,对照组有效率为93.33%,治疗组疗程治疗疗效与对照组比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。进一步用两组数字疼痛量表(NRS)和描述疼痛量表(VRS)分析可知,两组首次治疗前后NRS和VRS比较,差异均有显著性(P<0.01或P<0.05);治疗组首次治疗前及疗程治疗前NRS和VRS与对照组比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05),治疗组首次治疗后NRS和VRS与对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05),而治疗组疗程治疗后NRS和VRS与对照组比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:分部针刺法治疗急性期肩关节周围炎疗效确切,收效快捷,值得推广应用。     

改进型分层聚类方法对中药分类研究

传统分层聚类方法常难以处理高维数据或大样本数据.论文对算术平均、算术平均变化率等概念作了介绍,应用算术平均变化率对样本数据预处理,提出一种基于改进型的分层聚类方法对中药实验数据提取VIP并构建分类模式.实验证明,该方法是可行有效的.     

Ventricular defibrillating threshold: strength-duration and percent-success curves

The term defibrillation threshold is usually understood to mean the shock intensity just enough to defibrillate a specified cardiac chamber (atria or ventricles). With the advent of so many different types of defibrillator, it is important to be able to specify the defibrillation threshold, which has frequently been described by the classical strength-duration curve. Another method of representing defibrillation plots the percent-successful defibrillation against shock-strength area. The mechanism of defibrillation is discussed, and the concepts of the strength-duration curve and percent-success against shock-strength curves are compared. Because defibrillation is associated with a time-varying spectrum of cellular excitability, a given shock strength will not always achieve defibrillation, and this produces the sigmoid shape for the curve that relates percent-successful defibrillation to shock strength. Therefore it is important to recognise two concepts: first, there is a family of strength-duration curves for defibrillation, each curve representing a given percent-successful defibrillation, and, secondly, there is a family of percent-success against shock-strength curves, one for each pulse duration. Canine ventricular defibrillation data are used to bring these two concepts together. Most importantly, the concepts adduced in the paper apply to transventricular, intracardiac and transchest defibrillation; the only difference in these applications is a scale factor that represents electrode location with respect to the heart.