Use of vidarabine in epidemic keratoconjunctivitis due to adenovirus types 3, 7, 8, and 19.

Adenovirus types 3,7,8, and 19 were isolated during an outbreak of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. There was no clinically recognizable difference in the severity of the disease produced by each adenovirus type. Twenty-nine patients with positive viral cultures were given either 3.3% vidarabine ointment or polyvinyl alcohol eyedrops within five days of the onset od disease, and were observed for at least 14 days. An observer unaware of which medication was prescribed found subepithelial corneal infiltrates in 81% of vidarabine-treated patients and in 63% of control subjects. Vidarabine was ineffective in preventing subepithelial corneal infiltrates in keratoconjunctivitis caused by adenovirus.     

Attenborough与改良Barbosa手术进路对翼腭窝肿瘤暴露与术后功能影响的研究

目的：对比Attenborough 与改良Barbosa 手术进路对翼腭窝肿瘤暴露与术后功能的影响。方法：本组选发生翼窝的肿瘤患者15例为研究对象，患者术前行MRI检查确定肿瘤的部位、范围及与周围组织的关系，按MRI显示的病变范围不同选择Attenborough或改良Barbosa 手术进路暴露病变区域并切除肿瘤。术后观察功能影响情况。结果：原发于翼腭窝的肿瘤患者4例，1例采用Attenborough手术进路，3例采用改良Barbosa 手术进路；继发性翼腭窝肿瘤11例，5例源于腮腺深叶的肿瘤均采用Attenborough手术进路，另6例选用改良Barbosa 手术进路。Attenhorough手术6例，术后患侧腮腺颌区明显凹陷，5例口干，2例患者额纹消失，1例患者不唇歪斜。改良Bar-bosa手术9例，6例患侧颊部凹陷，6例患者中5例行赝复治疗；另3例术后无畸形。术后观察3个月-9年6个月，14例无复发，1例术后2年2年月复发。结论：临床应用结果证实Barbosa手术进路应用于翼腭窝肿瘤优于Atten-borough手术进路。     

Conformational energy analysis and mechanical properties of polyglycine II

For the purpose of calculating the crystal structure of polyglycine II, a system of three parallel chains are considered. The structure obtained by the energy minimization of this system agrees well with experimentally determined crystal structure. Hydrogen bonds of the type of Cα–H. O, which are discussed in literature as existing in the crystal structure, are neglected in the calculation. The fact that the crystal structure is well reproduced by this calculation indicates that hydrogen bonds of this type, if any, are weak in this crystal structure. The relative contributions of various energy terms to the stabilization of the structure are investigated. Interchain hydrogen bonds do not play a significant role in the determination of the crystal structure, but the interchain nonbonded interactions do. Mechanical properties are studied by calculating a response to a static external force applied to the system. Young's modulus E = 4.2 times 10¹¹-dyncm^-2 and Poisson's ratio s?=0.25 are obtained. Relative contributions of various energy terms to elastic properties are discussed.     

Anatomic bases of a vascularized allogenic knee joint transplantation: arterial blood supply of the human knee joint

Summary The vitality of a graft in a vascularized allogenic knee joint transplantation in humans will depend strongly on maintaining the arterial blood supply to the bone. As can be demonstrated in injected specimens on cadavers, only periostal aa. are important to ensure the blood supply of the human knee joint. The main arteries have defined nutritive areas. According to our results access to the vessels should most probably be conducted from the dorsal side of the knee. During the explantation the popliteal a. should be ligated proximally as high up as possible and distally just above its trifurcation. The articular branch of the descending genicular a. of both the donor and the recipient can be ligated because of a rich anastomotic network. The medial and lateral inferior genicular aa. of the donor should be ligated ventrally as far forward as possible. One should, above all, preserve the medial inferior genicular a. of the donor in order not to endanger the medial part of the distal segment of the graft. If an operation is to be performed according to the results of our anatomical studies, vascularized allogenic knee joint transplantations should be successful from an anatomical point of view.

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Bases anatomiques de la transplantation d'une allogreffe vascularisée de genou : vascularisation artérielle de l'articulation du genou humain

Résumé La vitalité d'une greffe lors d'une transplantation d'allogreffe vascularisée de genou dépendra principalement du maintien de la vascularisation artérielle de l'os. Comme on peut le montrer sur des spécimens cadavériques injectés, seules les artères périostées sont importantes pour assurer la vascularisation artérielle du genou humain. Les principales artères ont des territoires définis. En fonction de nos résultats, l'accès aux vaisseaux serait au mieux mené par le versant dorsal du genou. Pendant le prélèvement, l'a. poplitée devrait être sectionnée proximalement aussi haut que possible, et distalement juste au-dessus de sa trifurcation. Le rameau articulaire de l'a. descendante du genou du donneur et celui du receveur peuvent être liées en raison du riche réseau anastomotique. Les aa. géniculées inféro-médiale et inféro-latérale du donneur devraient être liées aussi loin que possible en avant. Il faudrait par dessus tout préserver l'artère géniculée inféromédiale du donneur pour éviter de léser la partie médiale du segment distal de la greffe. Si une transplantation d'un allogreffe vascularisée de genou devait être réalisée en tenant compte du résultat de nos travaux, elle devrait être un succès du point de vue anatomique.

     

Intravascular lymphomatosis: a clinicopathological study of two cases presenting as an interstitial lung disease

 

Aims:

Intravascular lymphomatosis is an uncommon type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma characterized by intravascular proliferation of neoplastic lymphoid cells. Although the tumour is basically a systemic disease, eventually involving multiple organs, primary presentation in the lung is rare.  

Methods and results:

We describe the clinicopathological features of two patients with intravascular lymphomatosis presenting in the lung. One patient complained of fever, headache and chest pain; the other, of dyspnoea on exertion and headache. Both patients showed reticulonodular density on chest radiography and decreased diffusion capacity. Lung biopsy showed features characteristic of intravascular lymphomatosis. Malignant lymphoid cells were CD30 positive T-cells of anaplastic large cell type in one patient and B-cells of large cell type in the other. There was a poor response to chemotherapy and both patients died of the disease within 3 months of diagnosis.  

Conclusions:

These cases and 10 previous reports illustrate the need to include intravascular lymphomatosis in the differential diagnosis of interstitial lung disease.     

Characterization of the High Sensitivity of Rabbits to the Effects of TCV-116, an Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist

A high incidence of maternal toxicity in rabbits characterizedby uremia and death was observed when TCV-116, a novel angiotensinII subtype-1 (AT1) receptor antagonist, was orally administeredto pregnant rabbits at dosage levels of 3 mg/kg/day or more.The effects of TCV-116 on blood pressure in nonpregnant or malerabbits and rats and on blood chemistry, renal circulation,and plasma renin activity in nonpregnant or male rabbits wereexamined to characterize the toxicity in rabbits. In a 2-weekrepeated dose study, most nonpregnant female rabbits receiving3 or 100 mg/kg/day died or were sacrificed in a moribund state,indicating that toxicity could be caused independently of pregnancy.When these rabbits became moribund, marked hypotension, accompaniedby increases in plasma concentrations of urea nitrogen, creatinine,and potassium, was observed, suggesting uremia. In a singledosestudy, blood pressure in rabbits was decreased after administrationof 10 or 100 mg/kg of TCV-116, and the hypotension was moremarked and sustained than that in rats, as was the case with30 mg/kg of enalapril. The sustained pharmacological effectin rabbits was also confirmed with regard to decreases in effectiverenal plasma flow and the glomerular filtration rate and increasedplasma renin activity. Species differences in the hypotensiveeffect and mortality could not be explained by toxicokineticdata for the active metabolite of TCV-116 in various species,which supported a possibility that the differences in toxicitymay be related to the species difference in sensitivity to thepharmacological effect of TCV-116. We conclude that the specificmaternal toxicity of TCV-116 in rabbits may be mainly due tothe higher sensitivity of rabbits to the pharmacological effectsand is caused by marked and sustained hypotension resultingin the decrease in glomerular filtration rate, uremia, and death.     

Thermally Controlled Laser Irradiation of the Myocardium with Intraoperative Ultrasound Monitoring

We used intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) to study the feasibility and safety of Nd:YAG laser irradiation of the myocardium in 26 canine left ventricular segments. During the laser irradiation process, the myocardial temperature was monitored and surface cooling was used. Afterward, intraoperative ultrasonographic scans, which enabled the evaluation of the irradiated lesions, were compared with cross sections made through the tissues. The total dose of laser energy ranged from 200 to 3,600 joules, and the estimated volume of irradiated lesions ranged from 76.8 to 2590 mm3. There were significant correlations between the laser discharge output (in joules [J]) and the irradiated lesion volume (P less than 0.001), and between the laser energy density (in J/mm2) and the depth of the lesions (P less than 0.01). Macroscopic examination of the cross sections of irradiated myocardium revealed that the lesions were well-demarcated, but not charred or perforated. Thus, we could obtain a satisfactorily large zone of laser photocoagulation without inducing tissue damage, if surface cooling was used and the myocardial temperature was monitored. IOUS was successful in visualizing and locating the irradiated lesions that were seen as hypoechoic, clearly outlined nodules. We submit that this study has established the technical feasibility and dose-response relationship of thermally controlled laser irradiation, and has demonstrated the usefulness of IOUS for the precise localization and monitoring of such laser treatment.     

Twenty-four hour profiles of four hormones under constant routine

Abstract We studied the circadian features of melatonin, cortisol, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and growth hormone (GH) together with rectal temperature during 36 h continuous forced wakefulness without physical exercise under dim light condition (constant routine). Subjects consisted of four healthy men aged 22–24 years. Blood sampling was conducted hourly, and food and water were supplied bi-hourly during the constant routine. Melatonin, TSH and cortisol displayed clear circadian rhythms under constant routine condition. While GH secretion was unlikely to be driven solely by the circadian pacemaker, its suppression round BT nadir may indicate that GH secretion was modulated to some extent by circadian rhythm.