Tumor Mutation Burden,Immune Cell Infiltration,and Construction of Immune-Related Genes Prognostic Model in Head and Neck Cancer

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, and the prognosis of HNSCC remains bleak. Numerous studies revealed that the tumor mutation burden (TMB) could predict the survival outcomes of a variety of tumors.Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the TMB and immune cell infiltration in these patients and construct an immune-related genes (IRGs) prognostic model.Methods: The expression data of 546 HNSCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. All patients were divided into high- and low- TMB groups, and the relationship between TMB and clinical relevance was further analyzed. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the R software package, limma. Functional enrichment analyses were conducted to identify the significantly enriched pathways between two groups. CIBERSORT algorithm was adopted to calculate the abundance of 22 leukocyte subtypes. The IRGs prognostic model was constructed via the multivariate Cox regression analysis.Results: Missense mutation and single nucleotide variants (SNV) were the most predominant mutation types in HNSCC. TP53, TTN, and FAT1 were the most frequently mutated genes. Patients with high TMB were observed with worse survival outcomes. The functional analysis of TMB associated DEGs showed that the identified DEGs mainly involved in spliceosome, RNA degradation, proteasome, and RNA polymerase pathways. We observed that macrophages, T cells CD8, and T cells CD4 memory were the most commonly infiltrated subtypes of immune cells in HNSCC. Finally, an IRGs prognostic model was constructed, and the AUC of the ROC curve was 0.635.Conclusions: Our results suggest that high TMB is associated with poor prognosis in HNSCC patients. The constructed model has potential prognostic value for the prognosis of these individuals, and it needs to be further validated in large-scale and prospective studies.     

Diagnostic value of heparin-binding protein in the cerebrospinal fluid for purulent meningitis in children

This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of heparin-binding protein (HBP) in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with purulent meningitis (PM). This study included 118 children with PM diagnosed at our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020, 110 children with viral meningitis (VM) and 80 children with suspected meningitis who were ruled out by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis during the same period. HBP and white blood cell (WBC) count in the CSF, and inflammatory factors, including C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and procalcitonin (PCT), were measured. Receiver-operator characteristic curves were used to analyze the predictive value of HBP, CRP, PCT, and TNF-α levels in the diagnosis of PM by CSF analysis. HBP levels in the CSF of children with PM were higher, while the CRP and serum PCT and TNF-α levels were elevated in all groups (P<0.05). In addition, HBP levels in the CSF were more accurate for the diagnosis of PM than traditional diagnostic indexes. HBP levels in the CSF can be used as an important reference for early diagnosis of PM.     

人源性抗HBs可变区单链抗体基因的构建及核酸序列测定

将通过噬菌体显示技术获得的一株人源性抗HBs Fab抗体基因重链和k轻链的可变区用编码柔性肽的Linker使其连接成单链,克隆入中间载体,并进行核酸序列测定,为其后的表达及双功能抗体的构建打下基础。     

精神分裂症患者潜在人格特点分析

本文采用主题统觉测验修订版（ＴＡＴ－Ｒ．Ｃ）,对６０名精神分裂症患者进行测试。结果显示,患者在“欲求”亚量表上的得分和常模达到显著差异,在成就、支配、性、援助、情绪言语、攻击等欲求上,显著低于常模组;而在躯体社会攻击、自我攻击、消极等欲求上,显著高于常模组。在各“压力”亚量表上患者得分均值都高于常模组,大多达到显著性水平。精神分裂症患者的压力与欲求间存在着明显的差异,这种差异和其病程呈正相关。     

长期单采浆的慢性丙型肝炎患者肝脏病理学观察

目的 观察既往职业献血员慢性丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染者肝脏病理学特征。方法 从２５０名５年以上抗－丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）抗体阳性的献血员中筛选出丙氨酸转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）异常的丙型肝炎患者６６例,对其进行肝穿活检病理检查。其中６３例按１９９５年《病毒性肝炎防治方案（试行）》进行分级分期,对血清病毒含量〉５．０Ｍｅｑ／ｍｌ（ｂＤＮＡ）的２０例行ＮＳ５免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ染色观察。结果 病变程度大多较轻,炎症活动度Ｇ１ ４．８％（３／６３）,Ｇ２ ６３．５％（４０／６３）,Ｇ３ ２８．６％（１８／６３）,Ｇ４ ２例。纤维化程度Ｓ１ ６０．３％（３８／６３）、Ｓ２ ３４．９％（２２／６３）,Ｓ３ ３．２％（２／６３）,Ｓ４ １例。主要病变为汇管区炎症：即胆管损伤（１００．０％）,淋巴细胞集聚（８２．５％）,汇管区周围碎屑     

动力性主动脉瓣研究近况

我们曾提出植入式左心辅助装置的一种新设想一动力性主动脉瓣。将一螺旋浆式叶轮植入到主动脉瓣位置主动旋转,在输入不同功率的条件下分别发挥机械性瓣膜或辅助性血泵两种不同的功能。该装置相当于轴流式血泵,但结构简单。装置的“转子--叶轮体”由动脉壁外的交变磁场提供动力,磁场源还可放置于体外发挥作用。动力性主动脉瓣比传统的轴流式血泵有很多潜在优点;如：体积减小,解剖相容性更好;由于引入体内的异物量很少,生物相容性将大大提高;血流的持续冲刷将提高装置的抗感染能力;完全去除供能导线的穿入体内,大大提高病人的生活质量。我们先前对动力瓣的研究揭示其原理的正确性,但功率输出急需提高。我们对动力瓣的结构进行了改进,并采用了远距离磁驱动技术。在模拟循环回路中的测试结果表明动力特性有很大提高。在最大输出条件下,流量达到5L/min,所克服的后负荷压强为70mmHg(1mmHg=0.133KPa)。动力瓣可维持的最高压强差已达131mmHg。磁驱动装置与动力瓣的距离可达60mm,显示实现体外磁驱动的可能性。此改进可大大简化植入部分的结构,进一步表明实现动力瓣设想的可行性。     

Genome-wide association study identifies breast cancer risk variant at 10q21.2: results from the Asia Breast Cancer Consortium

Although approximately 20 common genetic susceptibility loci have been identified for breast cancer risk through genome-wide association studies (GWASs), genetic risk variants reported to date explain only a small fraction of heritability for this common cancer. We conducted a four-stage GWAS including 17 153 cases and 16 943 controls among East-Asian women to search for new genetic risk factors for breast cancer. After analyzing 684 457 SNPs in 2062 cases and 2066 controls (Stage I), we selected for replication among 5969 Chinese women (4146 cases and 1823 controls) the top 49 SNPs that had neither been reported previously nor were in strong linkage disequilibrium with reported SNPs (Stage II). Three SNPs were further evaluated in up to 13 152 Chinese and Japanese women (6436 cases and 6716 controls) (Stage III). Finally, two SNPs were evaluated in 10 847 Korean women (4509 cases and 6338 controls) (Stage IV). SNP rs10822013 on chromosome 10q21.2, located in the zinc finger protein 365 (ZNF365) gene, showed a consistent association with breast cancer risk in all four stages with a combined per-risk allele odds ratio of 1.10 (95% CI: 1.07-1.14) (P-value for trend = 5.87 × 10(-9)). In vitro electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated the potential functional significance of rs10822013. Our results strongly implicate rs10822013 at 10q21.2 as a genetic risk variant for breast cancer among East-Asian women.     

Gastroduodenal-splenic trunk: an anatomical vascular variant

The main classical branches of celiac trunk (CT) are the common hepatic artery (CHA), the left gastric artery (LGA) and the splenic artery (SA). During the educational dissections in a 62-year-old male cadaver a rare variation, the gastroduodenal-splenic trunk (GDST), was observed. GDST divided into SA and gastroduodenal artery (GDA). LGA and accessory left hepatic artery (ALHA) arose directly from the abdominal aorta (AA). Therefore, variations of CT are important for the clinical diagnosis and therapy.     

Molecular cloning and characterization of a receptor for activated protein kinase C1 (RACK1) from Chinese white shrimp; Fenneropenaeus chinensis

Receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1), which has seven tandem WD40 domains, is a scaffolding protein. RACK1 plays different roles by binding to different partner proteins. It is involved in hormone signaling and development, and now some evidence indicates it may have a role in innate immunity. In this paper, RACK1 cDNA from Chinese white shrimp (FcRACK1) was identified. The full length of the FcRACK1 gene is 1037 bp, including a 30 bp 5′UTR, a 957 bp ORF encoding a 318 amino acid protein, and a 50 bp 3′UTR with the polyadenylation sequence AATAAA and a poly (A) tail. The FcRACK1 protein is characterized by seven WD40 repeat domains; the ending two amino acids of each WD40 domain are WK, WD, WN, WS, WD, WD, and WQ, respectively. The length of each domain is between 30 and 44 amino acids. Multiple alignments of RACK1s showed that RACK1s are highly conserved. RT-PCR showed that FcRACK1 could be detected in hemocytes, the heart, hepatopancreas, gills, stomach, intestine, and ovary. FcRACK1 in hemocytes was down-regulated after a 2 h WSSV challenge, and FcRACK1 in gills was up-regulated after a 2 h Vibrio challenge. FcRACK1 in ovary went down after a 12 h Vibrio challenge and then up-regulated at 24 h. FcRACK1 in ovary was first down-regulated at 2 h after a WSSV challenge and then up-regulated to the highest level at 6 h. It finally went down from 12 to 24 h. In hepatopancreas, FcRACK1 was also up-regulated by microbe challenge. Our results indicated its probable role in shrimp innate immunity.