卫生保健课程教学误区之我见

卫生保健课程是以贯彻＂预防为主＂的方针、实现＂健康为人人,人人为健康＂的一门重要学科。笔者根据数年的教学实践,结合学生的课堂调查结果,总结卫生保健课程教学中常见的误区,以期同行在教学中避免走进误区,更好地为教学服务。     

Pharmacology of the internal anal sphincter and its relevance to faecal incontinence

1 The internal anal sphincter (IAS) has a spontaneous tone and is the main contributor to the maintenance of faecal continence. The spontaneous resting tone exhibited by the sphincter can be modified by neurotransmitters from the autonomic and enteric nervous systems. 2 In this review, the influence of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems on IAS tone are discussed and the putative roles of nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, vasoactive intestinal peptide and adenosine triphosphate in non‐adrenergic non‐cholinergic transmission are considered. 3 Faecal incontinence is a common condition that places a heavy financial burden on the health service and severely affects patients’ quality of life. Resting anal pressure is reduced in patients with faecal incontinence and agents that increase sphincter tone tend to relieve symptoms. The results of clinical studies of the use of phenylephrine to treat faecal incontinence are reviewed. 4 It is concluded that the IAS is a potential target for drug development for the treatment of faecal incontinence.     

现代医学200词——138．黏附分子

所谓黏附分子是指存在于细胞表面，参与细胞间或细胞与细胞外基质的粘附的分子群的总称。广义来说，纤维连结蛋白、层粘连蛋白、透明质酸等细胞外基质的构成成分也是由细胞分泌并存在于细胞表面，也可归入黏附分子的范畴。但狭义所指的黏附分子是指贯通细胞膜的糖蛋白或构成细胞膜的糖脂质。膜贯通型糖蛋白黏附分子按其构造特征可分为若干家族。在免疫系统中的黏附分子主要分为整合素家族、免疫球蛋白超家族、选择素家族、钙粘素家族、连接蛋白家族以及唾液粘蛋白家族等。     

中风毒邪论与神经保护治疗的研究

中风毒邪论是一种与传统中医中风病理有所不同的理论 ,在中风毒邪论指导下形成解毒通络方是较为理想的神经保护剂 ,可解决目前神经保护治疗的主要障碍 ,有望成为提高中医治疗中风急性期疗效的关键