全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9814篇 |
免费 | 453篇 |
国内免费 | 108篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 177篇 |
儿科学 | 178篇 |
妇产科学 | 94篇 |
基础医学 | 1741篇 |
口腔科学 | 136篇 |
临床医学 | 876篇 |
内科学 | 1851篇 |
皮肤病学 | 233篇 |
神经病学 | 555篇 |
特种医学 | 601篇 |
外科学 | 1213篇 |
综合类 | 281篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 364篇 |
眼科学 | 258篇 |
药学 | 905篇 |
中国医学 | 92篇 |
肿瘤学 | 818篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 64篇 |
2022年 | 244篇 |
2021年 | 366篇 |
2020年 | 183篇 |
2019年 | 209篇 |
2018年 | 275篇 |
2017年 | 216篇 |
2016年 | 264篇 |
2015年 | 434篇 |
2014年 | 531篇 |
2013年 | 572篇 |
2012年 | 806篇 |
2011年 | 772篇 |
2010年 | 495篇 |
2009年 | 436篇 |
2008年 | 573篇 |
2007年 | 611篇 |
2006年 | 555篇 |
2005年 | 475篇 |
2004年 | 368篇 |
2003年 | 311篇 |
2002年 | 254篇 |
2001年 | 217篇 |
2000年 | 218篇 |
1999年 | 198篇 |
1998年 | 85篇 |
1997年 | 86篇 |
1996年 | 77篇 |
1995年 | 50篇 |
1994年 | 48篇 |
1993年 | 36篇 |
1992年 | 42篇 |
1991年 | 33篇 |
1990年 | 33篇 |
1989年 | 29篇 |
1988年 | 31篇 |
1987年 | 31篇 |
1986年 | 25篇 |
1985年 | 19篇 |
1984年 | 15篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Lee SH Shin MS Park WS Kim SY Dong SM Lee HK Park JY Oh RR Jang JJ Lee JY Yoo NJ 《APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica》1999,107(11):1013-1019
Cross-linking of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) induces apoptosis in Fas-bearing cells and regulates apoptosis. Fas is widely expressed in normal human tissues, but FasL expression has been considered to be restricted to lymphoid tissues. Recent studies have demonstrated that FasL is also expressed in some nonlymphoid tissues. To screen the in situ expression of FasL in normal human tissues, immunohistochemistry was performed using paraffin-embedded human tissues. FasL immunostaining was easily detected in testis, neurons, trophoblasts, tonsil, lymph node, Paneth cells, hepatocytes, renal tubular epithelium and bronchial epithelium, consistent with previous reports. Surprisingly, FasL was also expressed in many other cell types, including thymic medulla, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, pituitary gland, parathyroid gland, prostate glands, oocytes, epithelium of fallopian tube, endometrial glands, and gastric parietal cells. These findings demonstrate that FasL is widely expressed in human tissues and suggest that wide but cell-type specific expression of FasL may not only be implicated in the regulation of immune homeostasis but also in the regulation of cell death and life in many cell types in vivo. 相似文献
62.
For the restoration of thumb opposition many types of tendon transfer techniques have been described. The flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) of the ring finger is commonly selected as a motor. On occasion, however, the quality of the flexor muscles of the fingers or wrist is not good enough for tendon transfer and another available muscle must be selected. In this situation, we have preferred to use an extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) or brevis (ECRB) transfer to restore opposition of the thumb. Follow-up examination, at an average 5 years and 10 months after operation, showed that the results of ten of 11 transfers were excellent and the other was good. 相似文献
63.
The publication rates of presentations at major Spine Specialty Society meetings (NASS, SRS, ISSLS) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
STUDY DESIGN: A review of all the presentations at three major spine specialty meetings held over a 3-year period. OBJECTIVES: To determine the rate of publication in peer-reviewed journals after presentations at major spine meetings conducted annually by the following three organizations: North American Spine Society (NASS), Scoliosis Research Society (SRS), and International Society for the Study of the Lumbar Spine (ISSLS). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The rate of publication for presentations at national and international meetings has been determined for medical and surgical subspecialties. This rate has been used to judge the quality of the content of the meetings and to determine the validity of the research presentations. METHODS: All presentations either in poster or oral presentation form were entered into a database covering a 3-year period for spine specialty meetings conducted annually by the following three organizations: NASS 1990 to 1992, SRS 1991 to 1993, and ISSLS 1991 to 1993. A computer search for each abstract was performed with the Melvyl Medline Plus database to determine if the abstract had been published in a peer-reviewed journal from 1990 to the end of 1997. Publication rates for presentations at these three meetings were determined over a 3-year period. RESULTS: A total of 1186 abstracts were listed over a 3-year period in the final programs of these three meetings for the years 1991 to 1993 (SRS, ISSLS) and 1990 to 1992 (NASS). Of these 1186 abstracts, 516 were published in peer-reviewed journals, giving an overall publication rate of 43.5%. The publication rates for the three different meetings (NASS, SRS, ISSLS) were similar, with values of 40%, 47%, and 45% respectively. More than 90% of the publications resulting from these meetings were published within a period of 4 years from the data of the meeting. CONCLUSIONS: The publication rates of presentations at three major spine specialty meetings are high and quite comparable with the publication rates of meetings in other medical subspecialties. This reflects the high quality of the meeting programs and validates their selection process. 相似文献
64.
Lee S Wang Y Mao L Cho C Kim S Tarin T Kim DH Mazzoni G Fazi M Nozawa M Lee D Sileshi B Wei W Lentini A Yoo CH Youngkin T Wolf P D'Silva M Gittes RF 《Microsurgery》1999,19(2):83-88
This periodic report includes intermittent results of consecutive pancreaticoduodenal (Pd) and kidney (Kt) transplants in inbred rats and results on double kidney transplants that did not follow sequential transplant protocol. Eight 24-month-old Lewis pancreas, kidney, and aorta served histological controls showing normal histological architecture with no atherosclerosis developed in the aorta. Thirty-four month old pancreas and thirty-two month old kidneys, which resided in young hosts for at least three occasions, appeared as youthful Pd and Kt grafts. They show normal histological appearance for more than the expected life span of a Lewis rat. The fact that not only pancreases but also kidneys outlived their host leads to the study of other different organs' viability as aged valuable grafts. Nevertheless, the threats by the development of atherosclerosis in graft-associated aortas resulted in slow progression of the follow-ups. 相似文献
65.
Laser in situ keratomileusis for the treatment of myopia 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
66.
In vitro inducible nitric oxide synthesis inhibitory active constituents from Fraxinus rhynchophylla
Kim NY Pae HO Ko YS Yoo JC Choi BM Jun CD Chung HT Inagaki M Higuchi R Kim YC 《Planta medica》1999,65(7):656-658
Bioassay-guided fractionation of an H2O extract of the barks of Fraxinus rhynchophylla has furnished two inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitory compounds, ferulaldehyde (1) and scopoletin (3) together with a coumarin, fraxidin (2). Compounds 1 and 3 showed inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in a dose-dependent manner by murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The inhibition of NO synthesis of 1 was reflected in the decreased amount of iNOS protein, as determined by Western blotting. 相似文献
67.
An antioxidant lignan and other constituents from the root bark of Hibiscus syriacus 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A new lignan named as hibiscuside, (+)-pinoresinol 4-O-[beta-glucopyranosyl (1--->2)-alpha-rhamnoside] (1), and a known lignan, syringaresinol (2) were isolated from the root bark of Hibiscus syriacus together with two feruloyltyramines (3,4) and three known isoflavonoids (5,6,7). The structures of these compounds have been established on the basis of their NMR, mass UV spectra. Among these phenolic compounds, 6"-O-acetyldaidzin (5), 6"-O-acetylgenistin (6), and 3-hydroxydaidzein (7) with IC(50) values of 8.2, 10.6, and 4.1 microM, respectively, significantly inhibited lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. Hibiscuside (1), E- and Z-N-feruloyl tyramines (3,4) exhibited moderate antioxidant activity. 相似文献
68.
Won-Jea Cho Su-Jeong Yoo Byung-Ho Chung Bo-Gil Choi Seung Hoon Cheon Soon-Ho Whang Sin-Kyu Kim Boo-Hyon Kang Chong-Ock Lee 《Archives of pharmacal research》1996,19(4):321-325
Aiming at the development of anticancer agents by modification of phenolic benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloid, additional hydroxyl group was put on C10 position of fagaridine (1) by a biomimetic synthetic procedure to afford 10-hydroxyfagaridine (12). All of the synthetic intermediates were also screenedin vitro antitumor activities against five different cell lines as well as12. Among them the representative cytotoxic results are shown as follows;p-quinone (11) [ED50 (A549=0.22 μg/ml), (HCT15=0.21 μg/ml), fagaridine (1) (HCT 15=0.41 μg/ml), olefin (6) (HCT 15=0.06 μg/ml), acetal (7) (SKMEL-2=0.07 μg/ml), dihydrofagaridne (10) (A549=0. 38 μg/ml), 10-hydroxyfagaridine (12) (A 549=0.45 μg/ml). From these observation three main remarks can be drawn; (i) the iminium part of benzo[c]phenanthridine is not essential for showing acitvities, (ii) the additional hydroxyl group did not contribute to enhance the cytotoxicity, (iii) the 3-arylisoquinolin-1(2H)-one derivatives were found to display significantin vitro antitumor activity. 相似文献
69.
SK VERMA 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》1996,52(2):113-115
The effect of vagotomy on the post-prandial alkaline tide was assessed by measuring the fasting and postprandial urinary pH before and after vagotomy in 50 cases of chronic duodenal ulcer treated by posterior truncal vagotomy or gastrojejunostomy or pyloroplasty. Results showed that post-prandial urinary pH fell after vagotomy confirming the completeness of vagotomy. This test is safe, reliable, noninvasive and a simpler bedside procedure as compared to the conventional Hollander''s insulin test.KEY WORDS: Vagotomy, Alkaline tide 相似文献
70.
Terry Y Shibuya Sanghun Kim Kevin Nguyen Johnny Do Christine E McLaren Kuo-Tung Li Wen-Pin Chen Parag Parikh Ashish Wadhwa Xiaolin Zi Vincent Y Chen Hau-Sin Wong William B Armstrong George H Yoo 《Clinical cancer research》2004,10(20):7088-7099
PURPOSE: We have proposed to characterize the mechanism through which bioactive surgical sutures generate a T(H)1 immune response and to define the immune-stimulating half-life of the sutures. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Bioactive sutures of interferon gamma (IFNgamma), interleukin 2 (IL-2), anti-CD3/CD28, anti-CD3/CD28 + IL-2, or anti-CD3/CD28 + IFNgamma sutures were used to stimulate lymphocytes from normal donors and from head and neck cancer patients in vitro over a 24-day period. Cell supernatants were analyzed by ELISA, and T cells were phenotyped to characterize the immune response generated. Intracellular cytokine staining was performed to measure the expansion of flu-specific T cells. Electromobility shift assay and supershift assay were used to measure the intranuclear DNA binding activity of nuclear factor kappaB and its p65 subunit in T cells activated by sutures in the presence and absence of a proteasome inhibitor, MG-132. RESULTS: Anti-CD3/CD28, anti-CD3/CD28 + IL-2, or anti-CD3/CD28 + IFNgamma generated a prolonged T(H)1 immune response for 18 days in vitro. Anti-CD3/CD28 expanded flu-specific T cells. Activated T cells demonstrated enhanced CD40 ligand (CD40L) expression within 72 hours of stimulation, which stimulated other cells to secrete IL-12. Stimulated T cells demonstrated increased intranuclear expression of nuclear factor-kappaB, which was blocked by MG-132, and also reduced CD40L and IL-12 expression. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report to demonstrate that bioactive surgical sutures can generate a prolonged T(H)1 immune response and expand flu-specific T cells. Bioactive sutures, which are primarily a T-cell stimulant, also stimulated other cells to secrete IL-12 and prolonged the immune response. Sutures may provide a novel in situ stimulating strategy for enhancing the immune system of cancer patients. 相似文献